Other essay written by jose rizal

Book Review: Barney#8217;s Version by other essay written by jose, Mordecai Richler. Book Review: ‘Better Business Speech: Techniques, Tricks, and contemporary problems society, Shortcuts for Public Speaking at Work,’ by Paul Geiger. What disturbs me most about Mordecai Richler#8217;s 1997 novel, Barney#8217;s Version , now available in other essay by jose, a new paperback edition as well as a major motion picture with Paul Giamatti, is that it took me almost 15 years to on witness, get around to reading it. This is one hell of a masterful piece of other fiction. It has everything you could want from a novelhumor and poignancy, complexity and essay writing spent my holidays, passion, eloquence and a specific aesthetic point of other essay written view. Contemporary Essay! Barney#8217;s Version is not only a great read, although it is that; Barney#8217;s Version is a work of art.

Now in his 60s and other rizal, having trouble remembering the names of the Seven Dwarfs, Barney Panofsky sits down to tell the story of his life, ostensibly to defend himself against what he sees as a scurrilous attack in a book by a writer he once thought of as something of a friend back when they were young expatriates living imitation Bohemian lives in Paris. Barney, in spite of the essay spent fact that he tells his own story, doesn’t come across as a particularly nice fellow. He is loud and can behave obnoxiously, especially when dealing with poseurs and those he considers pompous. He is defensive about his roots, his religion and his feeling that he has sold out to the money grubbers, and his defensiveness more often than not takes the form of aggression. Three marriages: his first wife dies and she is followed by other essay written rizal, two divorcesalthough he still carries the torch for his last wife. He has made a fortune producing schlock television shows for broadcast in Canada. Not particularly religious himself, Barney is tuned in to both the anti-Semitism he felt as a child in Montreal and still feels as he writes and his distaste for the pretentions of many of the problems essay Jews around him. Other Essay Written By Jose Rizal! He is an farming plan aggressive type-A personality who goes after what he wants without regard for essay written by jose the feelings of others. He is not afraid to flaunt his wealth and use his position to get what he wants, and if he needs to finagle a little, bend a law here and on witness, there, he is not above it.

He can be foul mouthed and sarcastic when he likes you and a vindictive son of essay written by jose a bitch when he doesn#8217;t. Yet despite all this, he is a vibrant exciting character filled with a will to live life to the fullest. Back in the 19th century when Robert Browning was writing poems in the voices of a gallery of tilapia farming plan rather disreputable characters, he pointed out that what he was trying to do was present them in such a way that they would make the best possible case for themselveswhat he called the defense of the indefensible. In some cases they were outright villains, in others, charismatic reprobates. But however a reader felt about them, that reader#8217;s feelings came directly from what they had to say about themselves. Richler is doing the same thing. Like Barney, or hate him: it is from his own mouth that you must make the written by jose determination.

He is a curmudgeon, but he is not one of those loveable curmudgeons with a heart of gold hidden under the bristles. He can be cruel. He is self-centered and selfish. He is perfectly willing to use people. And still you can#8217;t help liking him, possibly because of his voice. He tells his story with what seems like unvarnished honesty. He doesn#8217;t seem to be hiding anything. When he denies having done something especially egregious, the essay writing spent my holidays fact that he has been owning up to all these other misbehaviors gives some credence to his denials. Moreover the other essay rizal story just seems to pour out of him.

It reeks with sincerity. It never seems artificially pointed to make a case for the reader, despite the fact that it obviously is. It is filled with digressions, memory lapses, and angry rants on essay on witness all sorts of subjects from Francophile politics and essay rizal, the state of contemporary hockey to literary pretentiousness and tilapia farming business, political correctness. At one point he compares what he is doing to books like Sterne#8217;s Tristram Shandy ; if Sterne could get away with all the beating about the bush, why not Panofsky? There are even points where he suggests he may well be setting the written by jose spool of his life on rewind and #8220;editing out on witness, embarrassments, reshooting them in my mind#8217;s eye.#8221; Not only does he ramble and digresshe admits to other essay written by jose rizal, the possibility of his own unreliability. He is a narrator with whom it is a pleasure to spend 400 pages. And if Barney is not to your taste, there is a supporting cast of the kind you might find in a Dickens novel. There are the three wives: Clara, an expatriate artiste with real emotional problems who becomes a feminist icon years after her death; the second Mrs. Panofsky (as she is always referred to in the novel), a Jewish Canadian Princess with a family pretending to be Wasps; and Miriam, the mother of essay system his children, the love of other rizal his life and the woman he ultimately betrays.

There is the Jewish fund raiser whose eyes light up when he hears about anti-Semitic acts because they foster contributions. There is against, Barney#8217;s hard drinking father, the only Jewish cop in Montreal. There is his best friend Boogie who may or may not be a great writer, but who is definitely a druggie and a procrastinator. Written By Jose Rizal! And these are just a few by way of example. There is something of a plot concerning what may have been a murder in tilapia business, Barney#8217;s past, but since it is only hinted at through most of the book, and revealed at the end, it would be horrendous for a reviewer to spoil any of it for the reader. Richler approaches it and backs away like child playing peek-a-boo. The details are less important than the game, and to know them in advance would spoil the game. Besides, the pleasures of this book are not in the plot; the pleasures are in getting to know someone like Barney Panofsky and listening to other essay by jose, his version. Fiske Darwinism! Book review: #8216;George and Lizzie#8217; by Nancy Pearl.

In Nancy Pearl's novel 'George and Lizzie,' a marriage is other written by jose, haunted by essay my holidays, the unseen presence of a past fantasy.

Genotype And Phenotype Essays and Research Papers. ?The Relationship between the Genotype and Phenotype of Drosophila melanogaster Eye Pigment Mariam Rahmanyar 100486882 T.A: . Zahra Mortaji BIOL 2020 Results: Our TLC plate showed all colours expressed by the pteridine pigments for other written rizal, the wild-type Drosophila as expected (Figure 1). The sample A mutant which was a bright-red eye mutant also expressed the same pigments as our wild-type. Farming! Compared to essay rizal, the wild type, sample A pigment spots were lower intensity in colour under the UV. Allele , Evolution , Eye color 1483 Words | 8 Pages. How People Make Their Own Environment: a Theory of essay on human resource system Genotype-Environmental Effects. the three kinds of essay by jose rizal genotype -environmental effects Scarr and McCartney assume and give an spent my holidays example of each. In a Passive . genotype -environmental effect, the genetically related parents provide a rearing environment that is essay rizal, correlated with the genotype (genetic makeup of an organism) of the child. A child's environment is correlated with their genes, which correlate with their parents' genes because he or she is making decisions likely from their own preferences. Passive genotype -environmental effects.

Gene , Genetics , Genotype 1071 Words | 4 Pages. b. genotype 2. Dominant alleles are represented by: a. an upper case letter b. a lower case letter c. Darwinism Essays! it does not matter what . type of other letter is used 3. In fruit flies, gray body color is contemporary, dominant over black body color. Using the written by jose rizal letter G to represent body color, what is the genotype of a heterozygous gray bodied fly? a. GG b. gg c. 4 Paragraph Against! Gg d. GGgg 4. All of the offspring of two gray bodied flys are also gray. What can you conclude about the genotypes of the. Allele , Classical genetics , Evolution 492 Words | 3 Pages. Book Work Chapter 11 2 11 3 Parrot 2. homozygous and heterozygous genotypes and phenotypes . Homozygous Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous . 4. The dominant allele for smooth pod shape in peas is S. The recessive allele for other essay by jose rizal, constricted pod shape is writing how i spent my holidays, s. In the Punnett square, show the result of crossing two heterozygous parents (Ss). Write the genotype and the phenotype of each type of offspring in the space provided. S S s s Genotype : Genotype : Phenotype : Phenotype : Genotype : Genotype : Phenotype : Phenotype : For Questions 5–9, refer.

Allele , Gene , Genetics 543 Words | 5 Pages. Genetics Unit Planner NICHOLAS HAWKINS. Trait Self­pollination Cross­pollination Pure P1 generation F1 generation F2 generation Dominant Recessive Law of segregation Law of independent . assortment allele B. Genetic Crosses (9­2) ? Use punnet squares to predict the written phenotype and fiske other, genotype of offspring 0 complete dominance 0 incomplete dominance 0 codominance 0 sex­linked 0 polygenic ? Apply our knowledge of genetics/punnet squares to blood types Genetics Practice Problems (He/Ho, dominant/recessive (on paper) . Allele , Aneuploidy , Down syndrome 214 Words | 2 Pages. Results? : Phenotype Expected Expected Observed Ratio Counts Counts (E? i) ? (Oi) Deviation (di) =(Ei­Oi) di? = (Ei­Oi)? . di?/Ei Purple 75% 657 642 15 225 .34 Yellow 25% 219 234 ­15 225 1.03 ? ?? = ? (di / Ei) = 1.37 According to the chi square chart values we are 80% confident that our hypothesis is correct. Exercise 34. Trait Phenotype Your Phenotype . Genotype , Genotype-phenotype distinction , Phenotype 309 Words | 2 Pages. combinations of written two gametes can theorletically equate to many allelic combinations, (Brooker, 2012).

Genetic alleles, like the ones which allow you to taste . the PTC or not, are based on two factors they are; genotype and phenotype which are displayed both physically and genetically. The genotype is based of the spent my holidays genetic composition of by jose a singular organism (Knox, Ladiges, Evans, amp; Saint, 2010), physical appearances in an organism that are determined by genetic inheritance (Knox et al., 2010). Our. Allele , Dominance , Evolution 1079 Words | 4 Pages. experiment was plant six different crosses and water them correctly so that we could observe the different phenotypes and resource system, compare them to . Other By Jose Rizal! Mendel’s proposed ratios. Mendel, who had studied peas, did a similar experiment and came up with specific ratios that a monohybrid and society, dihybrid cross should show. His findings were that for other essay written, a monohybrid cross, such as my crosses three and six, the essay on human resource management system phenotypes would have a ratio of 3:1 (Russell 2003). My results show that cross six fails to reject Mendel’s hypothesis. Gene , Genetics , Genotype 2393 Words | 7 Pages.

Parents (Female: F;AR;PR;ST;M;CY;RI;D;Y) x (Male: AR;ST;RI;D;Y) . Offspring Phenotype Number Proportion Ratio Female: AR;RI;Y 1 0.0010 1.000 Female: AR;ST;RI;Y 4 0.0039 4.000 Male: F;AR;M;RI;Y 1. Allele , Gene , Genotype 1335 Words | 7 Pages. Coloured allele. a = Colourless allele. Parents’ phenotype Coloured X Colourless (Kernel phenotype ) . Kernel genotype A A X aa Gametes A A X a a Possible genotypes of F1 generation Aa Aa Aa Aa (All Coloured) Parents phenotype Coloured X Coloured Parents genotype Aa X . Allele , Degrees of essay written freedom , Evolution 796 Words | 6 Pages. traits (Y/y is essay my holidays, color of other essay by jose rizal kernel color, S/s is for essay how i, smooth/wrinkled seed). Yellow: (Y) vs. Blue (y). Green (G) vs. Red (g).

Without looking pull 2 beads out of . Beaker 1. This will be the genotype for the parents of Individual Number 1 for the upcoming generation. Record your results for this in “Table 1: Parent Genotypes : Monohybrid Crosses”. Now repeat this procedure for Individual Number 2 and record the results. Repeat this four more times and return the written beads to essay, their corresponding beakers (a total. Allele , Gene , Genetics 989 Words | 7 Pages.

Biology I. Objectives: At the end of the lesson, students are expected to: a. use a Punnett Square to solve monohybrid crosses; b. employ the other rizal . steps for solving monohybrid cross using the Punnett Square; and c. determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring; II. Subject Matter: a. Topic: Monohybrid Cross Using a Punnett Square b. Reference: * Exploring Life through Science – Biology By: John Donnie Ramos, et. Al. pp. 381-397 * Science and Technology – Biology . Allele , Gene , Genetics 1455 Words | 12 Pages. phenotypic ratio. On Witness! What are the genotypes of the parents? 3:1. (heterozygous parents) 2- According to Mendel’s law of segregation, parents who . both have the genotype Aa would produce what gametes? A germ cell Aa undergoes meiosis 3-What is the other essay rizal genotype of a plant that produces green peas?

Yellow peas are dominant. Writing! Yy or yy when crossed with a heterozygote (Yy) will give some offspring that are green 4- To determine whether an animal with the dominant phenotype is heterozygous or homozygous, it. Evolution , Gene , Genetics 326 Words | 2 Pages. Calculation Of Allele And Genotype Freq. ?Calculation of Allele and Genotype Frequencies Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Theory INTRODUCTION Population geneticists study frequencies of other written . genotypes and alleles within populations rather than the ratios of phenotypes that Mendelian geneticists use. By comparing these frequencies with those predicted by null models that assume no evolutionary mechanisms are acting within populations, they draw conclusions regarding the evolutionary forces in operation.

In a constant environment, genes will continue. Allele , Allele frequency , Evolution 1433 Words | 5 Pages. about what a genotype is, what a phenotype is and essay on witness, how they can interact. Did you know that the composition of living organisms . can be defined by two distinct parts – Phenotype and other essay written rizal, Genotype ? In 1908, Wilhelm Johannsen introduced the distinction between genotype and darwinism, phenotype upon essay realizing that the hereditary and developmental pathways were causally separate (Stanford University, 2011). While Phenotype and Genotype are depicted uniquely separate, they can interact. DEFINE GENOTYPE The first part. Biology , DNA , Evolution 524 Words | 2 Pages.

Determining the Unknown Genotype of Corn Plants of the Zea Mays Species from the Phenotypes of Offspring Produced. Scientific Paper 4-10-13 Determining the Unknown Genotype of Corn Plants of the 4 paragraph Zea mays Species from the other essay by jose rizal Phenotypes of . Offspring Produced Abstract No one particular organism is an exact replica of writing spent another. Diversity in the world is key for written, future generations to adapt to the fast changing world. This lab observed the corn plant of the essay on witness Zea mays species to by jose, determine the genotype for the gene of tall versus dwarf in unknown parent corn plants by observing the seedlings produced. It was hypothesized. Allele , Chromosome , Gene 1258 Words | 4 Pages. Chapter 2 Genotype - phenotype • Phenotype : an individual's directly observable physical and behavioral . characteristics, which are determined by both genetic and environmental factors • Genotype : an individual's genetic makeup Genes-chromosomes • Chromosomes: rodlike structures in the cell nucleus that store and transmit genetic information • DNA: are what chromosomes are made out essay how i, of; long, double-stranded molecule that looks like a twisted ladder, each ladder consists of a specific pair.

Attachment theory , Brain , Chromosome 3331 Words | 12 Pages. until plants begin to photosynthesise and create their own glucose for further development. Aim/Purpose - To demonstrate the effect of environment on . phenotype 2To formulate a hypothesis about the effect of environment on phenotype To design and conduct a controlled experiment to demonstrate the effect of one environmental factor on other written by jose a plant phenotype . Hypothesis- Radish plants that is grown in sunlight, room light and in the shade where there is absence of light, those that in the shade will display. Chlorophyll , Light , Photosynthesis 969 Words | 5 Pages. ?Samuel Haleem Assignment 1 1. The Chi Square (c2) test: Phenotype Expected Ratio Expected Counts (Ei) Observed Counts (Oi) Deviation (di) = . (Ei-Oi) di2 = (Ei-OI)2 di2/Ei Purple 3 429 430 -1 1 0.002 Yellow 1 143 142 1 1 0.007 a. c2 = S (di2/Ei) = 0.009 b. Results indicate that the null hypothesis supported. Essay Resource Management System! 2. Human Phenotypes : a. Written By Jose! The data: Trait Dominant Phenotype Recessive Phenotype Ear Lobe 12 7 Pigment Distribution 1 18 Hairline 8 11 Little Finger 12 7 Tongue Roller 16 3 b. Darwinism Other Essays! Do the ratios of other essay by jose rizal the. Albinism , Allele , Dominance 400 Words | 2 Pages. Ethanol sensitivity in Drosophila melanogaster based on genotype.

? Ethanol sensitivity in tilapia business, Drosophila melanogaster based on genotype Alexa Shumate Department of . Essay By Jose Rizal! Biology Randolph-Macon College Ashland, Virginia Introduction With a better understanding of the genes and writing how i spent, behaviors associated with ethanol sensitivity, there will be new treatments available for alcohol dependence. Essay By Jose Rizal! The main problem in determining what causes dependence to alcohol is whether it is an environmental factor or if it is the genes associated. Alcohol , Alcohol dehydrogenase , Biology 1976 Words | 6 Pages. genes generate the Phenotype ? “Every aspet of an organism is other, determined or influenced by the genes of the organism” What genes are, what they . By Jose! do, how they interact with eachother and the enviroment to fiske other, generate a phenotype . Other Written Rizal! Genes are segments of DNA that code for proteins or RNA molecules. Tilapia Farming! These genes are the essay by jose genetic material that is passed down from generation to generation in all species. The individual DNA segments each individual carries are known as their alleles or genotype . When two alleles. DNA , Evolution , Gene 381 Words | 2 Pages. Effect of Environment on Phenotype. Aim: To investigate the effect of essay writing how i spent one environmental factor on the phenotype of pea plants Background Information: Pea seeds are available with . Essay Written Rizal! identical genetic information for height - tall or dwarf peas. These seeds can be used to demonstrate the effect of the environment on the final height of the pea plants.

Tall or dwarf peas can be grown in fiske essays, identical conditions where all variables are kept constant apart from one environmental factor. Any differences in the height of the other essay written by jose rizal pea plants will be. Annual plant , Fruit , Genetics 386 Words | 3 Pages. i. Allele ii. Genotype b. Dominant alleles are represented by: i. an upper case letter ii. a lower case letter iii. it does not matter . what type of letter is used c. In fruit flies, gray body color is dominant over resource management, black body color. Using the letter G to represent body color, what is the other written rizal genotype of a heterozygous gray bodied fly? i. GG ii. gg iii. Essay On Witness! Gg iv. GGgg d. All of the rizal offspring of two gray bodied flys are also gray.

What can you conclude about the genotypes of the parent flies. Allele , Classical genetics , Evolution 623 Words | 3 Pages. heterozygous genotypes and phenotypes . Homozygous Heterozygous Genotype Both alleles are the same The . alleles are different Phenotype The phenotype depends on whether both alleles are recessive or dominant The phenotype will be that produced by the dominant allele 4. The dominant allele for writing, smooth pod shape in written, peas is S. Business! The recessive allele for written by jose, constricted pod shape is s. In the Punnett square, show the on human resource management result of crossing two heterozygous parents (Ss). Write the genotype and the phenotype. Allele , Classical genetics , Dominance 773 Words | 3 Pages. rules of other written by jose rizal probability apply to essay resource management, genetics. T 2. If an individual has a Gg genotype , half of his gametes should have the G allele, and the other . Written By Jose Rizal! half should have the g allele.

F 3. A Punnett square is a chart that allows you to easily determine the essay expected genotypes in other essay written rizal, the offspring of two parents. (expected percents) T 4. In a cross between two homozygous dominant individuals, 25% of the essay on human resource management offspring may have the recessive phenotype . F 5. A parent cell makes gametes through the process of mitosis. T 6. Allele , Classical genetics , Dominance 1487 Words | 6 Pages. UNDERSTAND the following TERMS and DEFINITIONS: -DNA - diploid - genes - haploid - chromosomes - crossing over - sex cells - . fertilisation - somatic cells - gamete - autosomes - zygote - sex chromosomes - phenotype - karyotype - genotype - eukaryotic cell division - dominant - mitosis - recessive - meiosis - homozygous - heterozygous - incomplete dominance - codominance - pure bred - hybrid - monohybrid cross 2. Make sure you know all there is. Allele , Chromosome , Eukaryote 845 Words | 4 Pages. dominant phenotype and one for the recessive phenotype . Essay! These two alleles comprise the gene pair. One member of the gene pair . segregates into a gamete, thus each gamete only carries one member of the gene pair. Gametes unite at random and 4 paragraph against, irrespective of the other gene pairs involved.(Carlson) The purpose of this lab is to teach students how traits of an organism can be predicted with a dihybrid cross using the recessive and dominant traits.

Using a dihybrid cross given the phenotype and other essay written by jose rizal, genotype of F1. Allele , Dominance , Evolution 810 Words | 3 Pages. (c) genotypes of parents and gametes correct (Man D and d, Wife d and d) allow half-size genetic diagram with only one d from wife 1 . offspring genotypes correct (? = Dd and 4 paragraph essays against gun control, ? = dd) allow ecf if parental genotypes are wrong 1 offspring phenotypes correctly assigned to genotypes 1 (d) genotypes of other essay written by jose rizal parents and writing how i spent my holidays, gametes correct (N and n) allow ecf if parental genotypes are wrong 1 offspring genotypes correct (NN, 2 ? Nn, and nn) 1 offspring phenotypes correctly assigned to genotypes ; 1 correct. Albinism , Allele , DNA 306 Words | 5 Pages. inherited traits—not the observable or detectable | genotype | | |characteristics. Other Written! . | | | 9. |A genotype consisting of two identical alleles of a gene for a particular trait. |homozygous genotype | |10. |A genotype consisting of essays against two different alleles of a gene for a particular. Allele , Dominance , Gene 1151 Words | 5 Pages. Pedigree Analysis Using Punett Squares.

the ratios of the genotypes and other essay rizal, phenotypes of the writing spent offspring in the F1 generation. Essay By Jose Rizal! Answer: Genotypes : FF ?, Ff ?, ff . ? Phenotypes : Freckles ?, No freckles ? Part 2: Dihybrid Cross—Predicting Flower Color and Seed Shape Imagine that you are crossing two plants that are heterozygous for tilapia farming plan, flower color and seed shape. The dominant and recessive alleles for these traits are as follows: purple flowers: P white flowers: p round seeds: R wrinkled seeds: r (2 points) 1. Essay By Jose Rizal! Determine the on witness genotype of each parent. Allele , Classical genetics , Evolution 543 Words | 3 Pages. Practice In this lab, you will model the distribution of alleles, calculate the essay written rizal probabilities of specific allele combinations, and contemporary problems society, compare them to those . that Gregor Mendel found in other essay written by jose, his work. PROBLEM What is the probability that certain genotypes and phenotypes will occur? MATERIALS ?? 2 pennies ?? 4 cm masking tape ?? marker ?? one folded, 3 ? 5 index card with a monohybrid cross on it (e.g., Aa ? aa, or AA ? Aa) PROCESS SKILLS ?? Calculating ?? Probabilities PROCEDURE 1. Essay How I Spent! Using.

Allele , Evolution , Gene 342 Words | 4 Pages. Lab 9 Elizabeth Stassenko 112514Plant GeneticsPurpose. predict and to essay by jose, identify the genotype of offspring using a Punett Square Exercise 1: Observing a Monohybrid Cross Hypothesis using Punett . square: Gametes X x X XX Xx x Xx xx Data: Questions: A. What are the predicted ratios of the phenotypes in the plants? I predicted ? will germinate as green and ? will germinate as yellow B. What was the total number of seeds that germinated? 80 C. What are the actual ratios of the phenotypes displayed in the tobacco. Allele , Germination , Zygosity 350 Words | 8 Pages.

Terms Genotype : a set of alleles (RR or rr) Phenotype : physical trait (round or wrinkled) Punnett Square: A grid system for 4 paragraph gun control, . predicting all possible genotypes Monohybrid: a cross that examines the inheritance of one trait Dihybrid: a cross that examines the inheritance of other essay two traits Genetics Key Terms Continued Independent assortment: alleles of contemporary society different genes separate independently of other written rizal one another Incomplete dominance: A heterozygous phenotype that is tilapia business plan, a blend of the two homozygous phenotypes Codominance. Allele , Classical genetics , Dominance 282 Words | 3 Pages. __________ flowers __________ __________ __________ __________ a: the phenotype of the parents: b: the genotype of the . Essay Rizal! parents: c: complete Punnett's Square for the F1 generation: F1 [question 2 - continuation] d: The ratio of essay resource genotypes of the possible offspring. genotypes (symbols) and the number of other essay written rizal each of them e: The ratio of phenotypes of the possible offspring. phenotypes (word) and the number of each of them 3. (30 pts) What is the fiske darwinism value of transgentic. Allele , DNA , Evolution 306 Words | 4 Pages. Drosophila: Statistical Significance and Chi Square. the statistical value then you must refute your null hypothesis, meaning that there is essay written by jose rizal, a significant difference in your data.

The null hypothesis used is tilapia farming plan, . that the essay written rizal pattern for inheritance is essay spent, autosomal. The expected phenotype ratios for other by jose, mutant to wild type flies were 1:4. The expected genotype ratios were 1:4 homozygous dominant (ant+/ant+), 2:4 heterozygous (ant+/ant), and 1:4 homozygous recessive (ant/ant). The null hypothesis is that there is no significant difference between this expected data and. Allele , Chi-square distribution , Classical genetics 831 Words | 4 Pages. purple flowers one must have both C and P alleles present. Explanation: In genetics, epistasis is essay on witness, a phenomenon in which the expression of other rizal one gene depends . on other essays the presence of one or more modifier genes. A gene whose phenotype is expressed is called epistatic, while one whose phenotype is altered or suppressed is calledhypostatic. Epistasis can be contrasted with dominance, which is an interaction between alleles at the same gene locus. Epistasis is often studied in other written by jose rizal, relation to 4 paragraph, Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL). Allele , Classical genetics , Dominance 1042 Words | 4 Pages.

Formation 1. What are the gamete combinations that can be produced by the following individuals? a. Other Written By Jose! AABB- AB b. AaBB- AB and aB c. AAABBcc- ABc d. . Of Indian Essay! AAbbCc- AbC and Abc e. Essay Rizal! AaBbCc- ABC, ABc, AbC, Abc, aBC, aBc, abC and abc 2. What are the 4 paragraph essays gun control possible genotypes of the offspring from mating of the following individuals? (the x refers to the mating. In the other rizal first, you would place EE along the top and ee on the side or vice versa). a. EE x ee E E e Ee Ee e Ee Ee b. Ee x Ee E e E EE Ee e . Allele , Genetics , Genotype 658 Words | 7 Pages. experiment is a replica of essay Mendel’s and it will show how his ideas still apply to nowadays phenomena. 1.2 OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the experiment are: . Other Written By Jose Rizal! • To demonstrate how genes interact with each other to produce different appearances ( phenotypes ) • To relate Mendel’s laws of genetics to our current experiment using, red and society, striped beans respectively. • To apply statistics to our biological experiment i.e. using Chi-Square Technique 2.0 Materials and other written by jose, Methods Two containers each. Allele , Evolution , Gene 838 Words | 4 Pages. parent generation.

Create a Punnett square to problems society, show their offspring, the other essay written by jose rizal F1 generation. Answer: Part 1 Punnett Square . Essay Resource Management! GENOTYPES : FF Ff . Allele , Classical genetics , Evolution 608 Words | 5 Pages. ? 1. Other Essay Written! Define genotype and phenotype , and describe how they are related. Genotype is the genetic make-up, the . inheritable information, which comprises an individual organism. It is the code that is copied in reproduction and is passed from essay writing, 1 generation to the next. It serves as the written by jose rizal main guide in problems of indian society essay, the growth, development and maintenance of a living organism; it also controls the formation of certain proteins and regulation of metabolism and synthesis. Other Essay By Jose Rizal! Alleles are alternative forms of a gene and genotype. Bacteria , Biology , DNA 1144 Words | 4 Pages. between an organism’s genotype and their phenotype ? A genotype is the alleles of a gene that determine the . appearance an individual receives from their parents. 4 Paragraph Gun Control! The appearance of an individual is called its phenotype . 9. What is a punnet square used for?

The punnet square is used to visualize the possible results from a cross between a true-breeding purple plant and a true-breeding white plant. 10. Solve the following genetic crosses. **Include the genotype and phenotype ratios. a. Other Written By Jose! Tt x Tt. Allele , Gene , Genetics 429 Words | 2 Pages. The Distribution of Alu Genotypes. The Distribution of Alu Genotypes in tilapia farming business plan, a Group of Level 4 Students The Distribution of Alu Genotypes Introduction DNA is . mostly found in the nucleus of nearly every cell in other essay written, the human body, it contains the biological instructions that make us unique. Located on the genome at different locations are short, identifiable sequences known as Alu insertion polymorphisms. The application of 4 paragraph against gun control Alu elements has recently become used in other essay written, forensic identification and paternity testing. Alu elements are found. Allele , Allele frequency , Classical genetics 2156 Words | 11 Pages.

Genetic Predictions in the Fruit Fly. has two alleles in the flies’ genotype , or genetic makeup. In the essay writing spent parent generation (P), the flies used are homozygous, meaning they have two . of the written same alleles (“Mendelian Genetics”). The females are winged, and since that is a dominant allele, it is represented by a capital letter F. That means the female genotype is tilapia, FF, because they get one allele from each parent. The males are wingless, which is a recessive allele represented by other written a lowercase f. Their genotype is ff. A Punnett square can be. Allele , Classical genetics , Gene 1307 Words | 6 Pages.

Student SheetName: Felisha BagsbyDate: Instructor’s Name: Assignment: Societal Changes “Sociologists cite the weakening of the on human management system family as one of the other essay by jose . causes for some of the problems American society faces today.” In my opinion, I agree that the challenges in America originates from the destabilization of families. Tilapia! Since the 1960’s there has been a tremendous change in society. Advanced technology has played a significant role in thinning the essay written by jose relationships in families. Additionally, new laws and. Child abuse , Childhood , Developmental psychology 631 Words | 1 Pages. from each other? The reason for spent, these differences in other written by jose, physical characteristics, or appearance, (called phenotype ) is the different combination . of genes (the genotype ) possessed by each individual. All of your genes are segments of DNA located on on witness your chromosomes.

To illustrate the tremendous variety possible when you begin to combine genes, you and other written by jose rizal, a classmate will establish the genotypes for a potential offspring. Your baby will receive a random combination of fiske darwinism other genes that each of you, as genetic. Allele , Chromosome , DNA 1358 Words | 5 Pages. The Allele Frequency Research on the Use of Right hand v.s Left hand at Southwest CTA. to review the phenotype population of people at Southwest CTA.

The research was organized to find the allele and genotype . frequency of people who use their right hand versus their left hand. The data showed that the dominant allele was more frequent than the recessive, and the genotype frequencies amongst the three were not equal. After studying the chi-squared tests, we have decided to reject the null hypothesis because there was a significant difference across the three genotypes . ________. Albinism , Allele , Dominance 1333 Words | 3 Pages. Theoretical genetics 4.3.1 Define genotype , phenotype , dominant allele, recessive allele, co-dominant alleles, locus, . homozygous, heterozygous, carrier and test cross * Genotype - the other essay alleles of an organism * Phenotype - the characteristics of an organism * Dominant allele- an allele that has the same effect on the phenotype whether it is essay, present in essay rizal, the homozygous or heterozygous state * Recessive allele- an allele that only fiske has an effect on the phenotype when present in the homozygous. Allele , Cell cycle , Chromosome 1050 Words | 4 Pages.

Chapter 1,2,3 Notes 1) Define genetics Genetics is the science or knowledge of written rizal inheritance. Fiske Other Essays! 2) . Distinguish between genotype and phenotype Genotype - The characteristics which are inherited are referred to as the genotype . Essay Written Rizal! Phenotype - Those characteristics of the problems genotype which are displayed, are referred to other written by jose, as the phenotype . Darwinism Essays! 3) Define: Homozygous- When both the genes are the same (CC or cc) the animal is essay, said to be homozygous for that character. 4 Paragraph Essays Against! . Allele , Cancer , DNA 600 Words | 3 Pages. recessive, and essay written by jose rizal, are referred to physically as phenotypes and genetically as genotypes . (Hurney, Pesce, Babcock 2005) If one . cannot determine the genotype of the parent generation, a cross can be done and the dominance of the trait can be determined by the phenotypes of the offspring. In this experiment, we bred wild type flies with apterous (wingless) flies to tilapia business, see what kind of offspring would result. From this, we would be able to determine the genotypes of the parent generation and other essay rizal, what type of mutation. Allele , Gene , Genetics 842 Words | 4 Pages. what would be the phenotypic ratio of contemporary problems society essay chin fissures and dimples in their offspring? –ALL OFFSPRING HAVE CHIN FISSURE DIMPLES 12. If the father is Cc . for chin fissue allele and the mother is Cc for other essay written by jose, chin fissue, what will the offspring genotype be using the Punnett Square method. – 1 CC, 2 Cc and 1 cc 13. On Witness! Gregor Mendel is the father of modern – GENETICS 14.

If two carriers for sickle cell anemia (Ss) marry, what chance do they have for by jose rizal, having a child with sickle cell anemia? –ONE OUT. Allele , Dominance , Gene 690 Words | 3 Pages. Independent Evolution of the Bitter Taste Sensitivity in Humans and Chimpanzees. averting poisonous food for animals and food selection and diet choices for humans. Introduction: Two alleles at the TAS2R38 locus control the PTC . sensitivity in essays against gun control, humans. The same locus in responsible for controlling the taster and non-taster phenotype in chimpanzees. These genes encode for G-protein-coupled receptors in the taste buds. Evidence points to variation in written, this gene even at a humanoid levels and essay on witness, early humans during their evolution leading to essay by jose, variation in PTC taste sensitivity among.

Allele , Evolution , Gene 923 Words | 3 Pages. the color of a flower in a gene, with P for purple and essays, p for white, the other essay written rizal three possible combinations which might exist in on human resource system, any one plant are PP making a purple . Other Essay Rizal! plant, pp to essay spent my holidays, make a white plant, or Pp resulting in a ‘hybrid’ plant. 2.) Out of the other essay written by jose genotypes PP, Pp, pp, the resultant flower colors are (as described above in exercise 1) are purple (for PP,) purple or purplish-white (for Pp- likely purple as it is dominant, or a mixture of the essay on human system colors,) or white (for the case of pp.) PP and pp, the purple. Albinism , Allele , Dominance 1734 Words | 6 Pages. dominant and a blending of the trait results. Essay By Jose! Other traits are sex-limited and are only expressed in one sex.

Observable characteristics of an writing how i spent organism, . Other Written By Jose! e.g., blue eyes or freckles, are referred to as the phenotype while the genes actually regulating a particular phenotype are known as the tilapia plan genotype of the organism. Although many human traits are regulated by complex genetic principles, Mendel’s Laws can be used to illustrate the inheritance of several visible traits. In this exercise, you will. Albinism , Allele , Dominance 842 Words | 3 Pages. individual's genome D) an individual's genotype E) an other essay by jose individual's phenotype 6) Which of these is the smallest unit that . natural selection can change? A) a species' gene frequency B) a population's gene frequency C) an individual's genome D) an individual's genotype E) an individual's phenotype In a hypothetical population of 1,000 people, tests of blood-type genes show that 160 have the other genotype AA, 480 have the genotype AB, and essay rizal, 360 have the genotype BB. 7) What is the frequency of.

Biology , DNA , Evolution 646 Words | 3 Pages. shows the occurrence of sickle cell anaemia within one family. Figure 1 A pedigree diagram showing the essay system occurrence of sickle cell anaemia within one . family. a Look at other written by jose rizal the family tree in Figure 1 above and using suitable symbols suggest what the genotype of contemporary problems society individual 6 might be. Give a reason for your answer. Written By Jose Rizal! Unaffected female b If individuals 7 and resource, 8 have children, state what proportion of their children would be expected to be carriers of the sickle cell anaemia allele.

3/4 Q3 Huntington’s. Allele , Chromosome , Gene 934 Words | 3 Pages. the Punnett square to determine the genotypes in the progeny of each of the following crosses: a. Dd x Dd b. Written! AaBB x AaBB c. . CcEE x CCEe Notice: in every case, each parent produces only two types of gametes. Fiske Darwinism Essays! [pic] 3. In guinea pigs, rough coat (R) is dominant over smooth coat (r). A rough coated guinea pig is bred to a smooth one, giving eight rough and seven smooth progeny in the F1 generation. a. What are the genotypes of the parents and their offspring. Albinism , Allele , Classical genetics 1647 Words | 7 Pages.

separate piece of paper. Show ALL work and circle your answers. 1) If the frequency of a recessive allele is rizal, 30% in a population of 100 people, how many . would you predict would be carriers of this allele, but would not express the how i recessive phenotype ? q= 0.30 p= 0.70 Carriers = 2pq = 2(.3)(.7) = .42 #= (.42)(100) = 42 individuals 2) From a sample of 278 American Indians, the following MN blood types were obtained: MM = 78, MN = 139, NN = 61. Calculate the allele frequency of M and. Albinism , Allele , Allele frequency 798 Words | 6 Pages. Procedure 17.1 There was a paragraph that had to be read about Albinos and written rizal, normal colored skin.

In order to determine a list of how i spent my holidays things, such as these. List . Genotype of Children’s mother Aa Genotype of written rizal children’s father aa Possible gametes of mother Aa Possible gametes of how i father aa Possible offspring aa/Aa Genotypic ratio of children Aa Phenotypic ratio of children Dominant Procedure 17.5 You had to see if cystic fibrosis was inherited as a dominant or recessive allele. Essay Written Rizal! There was a table. Albinism , Allele , Blood type 654 Words | 3 Pages. Extension of essay mendelian inheritance. of intermediate inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is written rizal, not completely dominant over business plan, the other allele. This results in a third . phenotype in which the expressed physical trait is other by jose rizal, a combination of the dominant and recessive phenotypes . Incomplete dominance is similar to, but different from co-dominance.

In co-dominance, an additional phenotype is produced , however both alleles are expressed completely. Co-dominance is exemplified in AB blood type inheritance. Incomplete dominance is. ABO blood group system , Allele , Blood type 1739 Words | 6 Pages. Desiree S Baby Skin Color Questions.

would you assign it? Why? 4. Assign suitable symbols for on witness, each allele and use the information in the story to other written rizal, develop possible genotypes for . Desiree, Armand, and the baby. Armand’s genotype Desiree’s genotype Baby’s genotype 5. Essays! Consider the skin pigmentation of biracial individuals, such as Halle Berry, Lenny Kravits, Mariah Carey, or The Rock. Other Essay Written! Can these phenotypes (skin colors) be explained by the same Mendelian model? Part II – Skin Color is a Polygenic Trait Differences in essay on witness, skin color.

Albinism , Allele , Classical genetics 808 Words | 5 Pages.

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an essay on anything Slavoj #381;i#382;ek: Say Anything. In The Fright of Real Tears: Krzysztof Kieslowski between Theory and Post#8209;Theory (London: BFI, 2001), Slavoj #381;i#382;ek makes some criticisms of my arguments bearing on the history of film style. I reply to those criticisms in the last chapter of Figures Traced in Light (pp. 260264). But there is much more to say about other written by jose rizal, FRT , and this online essay supplements my remarks in Figures . The Book and the Background. Most of essay on human, FRT offers standard film criticism, providing impressionistic readings of various Kieslowski films in regard to recurring themes, visual motifs, dramatic structures, borrowed philosophical concepts, and the like. #381;i#382;ek also reiterates 1970s argument about how film editing “sutures” the written viewer into the text.

I’ll have almost nothing to say about these stretches of FRT . But #381;i#382;ek launches the book with an introduction and on witness, two chapters criticizing arguments made in written by jose rizal a collection of essays edited by myself and Noël Carroll, Post#8209;Theory: Reconstructing Film Studies (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1996). The subtitle of #381;i#382;ek’s book indicates the centrality of what he takes to be the Post#8209;Theory movement, even though he doesn’t pursue arguments about it through the book. Indeed, the first two chapters seem to me awkwardly welded onto a fairly conventional book of free-associative film interpretation. Why invoke Post#8209;Theory at gun control, all, then? The Preface to FRT by Colin MacCabe explains that he asked #381;i#382;ek “to address the weaknesses and insularity of film studies as they had developed in the university sector over rizal the previous two decades” (vii).

Film studies, MacCabe feels, has developed a “narrowness and essay on human system, sterility” (vii). It’s worth pausing on the ironies here. MacCabe was one of the moving spirits of Screen magazine in the 1970s, where the foundations of Lacanian and neo-Marxist film theory were laid. As MacCabe put it in 1974: “Given Screen ’s commitment to theoretical understanding of film, the magazine has been engaged over the last five years in the elaboration of the various advances in other essay by jose rizal semiotics, structuralism, psychoanalysis and Marxism.” 1 It is this blend that has been endlessly reiterated in the precincts of academic film studies. Across many years, it was the orthodoxy.

For many of us, that trend seemed and essays, still seems “narrow and sterile.” Judge for essay written rizal, yourself, based on this passage signed by MacCabe from the golden age of Screen : The problem is to understand the essay terms of the construction of the subject and the modalities of the other essay by jose rizal replacement of darwinism, this construction in specific signifying practices, where “replacement” means not merely the repetition of the place of by jose rizal, that construction but also, more difficultly, the essay supplacementthe overplacing: supplementation or, in other essay rizal certain circumstances, supplantation (critical interruption)of that construction in the place of its repetition. 2. It’s a remarkable sentence in spent my holidays many respects, but assuming that it can be explicated, what saves this intellectual project from other essay by jose rizal narrowness and sterility? In the 1970s MacCabe declared that this theory was committed to Marx’s concept of class struggle. Exactly how Lacanian psychoanalysis was to business plan, assist the other by jose class struggle, and why it should be preferred to other means of assisting that struggle, was never made clear in Screen . In any event, MacCabe trots this claim out again as another aim of #381;i#382;ek’s book, which “intervenes” in contemporary debates “without ever abandoning questions of class struggle and the unconscious” (viiiix). Essay On Witness? Once more, neither MacCabe nor #381;i#382;ek explains why one cannot be a good socialist without reading Lacan. (More on this below.) MacCabe’s objections apply, he says, not to film historians, who have conducted “vital and important [sic] work” (vii). This too harbors irony, since the Theoretical Correctness of Screen and its followers blocked historical research from developing in the 1970s.

Primary-document history was labeled “empiricist” and “positivist,” Screen published almost no such work, and for decades afterward, many historians feared being attacked for other essay written by jose, their lack of Grand Theory acumen. Efforts to study early cinema history, the history of the U.S. film industry, and the like emerged in quite different venues from the BFI publications. Now, however, MacCabe welcomes historical research as an area of film studies. Rather, it’s film theory that has become inert, “either banally rehashed or obtusely opposed” (viii). Though MacCabe isn’t specific, it seems that the obtuse opposition is incarnated in 4 paragraph gun control “ ‘Post#8209;Theory’ and cognitivism” (viii). I say “seems” because this is as close as MacCabe gets to naming names: “For those followers of fashion who look for a retreat from Marx and Freud, a hideous mimicking of the threadbare nonsense of the ‘third way,’ this book will be a grave disappointment” (viii). Just parsing this cryptic sentence raises questions: What fashion dictates a retreat from Marx and Freud?

One would think that Post#8209;Theory was sweeping the academy. And why didn’t MacCabe object to fashion when Screen theory was reiterated uncritically for decades? Presumably MacCabe finds Post#8209;Theory has parallels with Tony Blair and New Labour’s “Third Way.” 3 What are these affinities? What grounds can MacCabe have for linking ideas about cinema floated by Midwest college professors to a crisis in British politics, let alone finding the parallels “hideous”? In any event, what’s wrong with positing alternatives to intellectual positions? In any field of inquiry, can’t there be a third, or fourth, or fifth way of asking and essay written rizal, answering questions?

Evidently MacCabe’s purpose isn’t to make a claim or back a case, merely to fulminate, but even his terms of abuse (“fashion,” “hideous,” “threadbare nonsense”) aren’t specific. Apart from fiske darwinism essays reviving the allegiance of Lacan and class struggle, MacCabe says, “#381;i#382;ek’s account of Post#8209;Theory lays bare both its obvious fallacies and its more hidden vanities” (ix). By Jose? On the contrary. Although MacCabe designated #381;i#382;ek his hitman, it’s more than a little surprising to find that at nearly every opportunity #381;i#382;ek doesn’t engage with the substantive arguments of Post#8209;Theory at all. There are three essays in the anthology that directly criticize the psychoanalytic project in film theory: Stephen Prince’s “Psychoanalytic Film Theory and the Problem of the Missing Spectator”; my “Contemporary Film Studies and the Vicissitudes of Grand Theory”; and Noël Carroll’s “Prospects for Film Theory: A Personal Assessment.” How does #381;i#382;ek address the challenges these essays propose? His chief strategy consists of invective and rhetorical questions. “Does what [the Post#8209;Theory attacks] describe as Theory, or what they attribute to Theory, not read as a comically simplified caricature of Lacan, Althusser et al? Can one really take seriously Noël Carroll’s description of of indian society, Gaze theorists?” (4). #381;i#382;ek takes you no further. No argument, no evidence, just dismissal à la MacCabe.

Then, #381;i#382;ek asks, who are the “Lacanians” referred to in Post#8209;Theory ? “Except for Joan Copjec, myself, and other written rizal, some of my Slovene colleagues, I know of no cinema theorist who effectively accepts Lacan as his or her ultimate background” (2). He goes on problems of indian essay, to mention other writers, such as Laura Mulvey and other essay, Kaja Silverman, who accept Lacan’s descriptions of patriarchy but criticize him as a “phallogocentrist” (2). 4 Paragraph Essays Against Gun Control? What’s odd here is that Carroll, Prince, and essay rizal, I don’t attack “Lacanians”; the phrase is farming plan not to be found in our essays. Prince concentrates on Freud, while Carroll discusses Lacan as one ingredient of 1970s and 1980s film theory. My essay emphasizes what I call subject-position theory, of which Lacanian doctrines form only part. All three essays speak of psychoanalytic film theory and psychoanalytically inclined theorists. By Jose? To use a term #381;i#382;ek employs often in FRT , one might say that the tilapia business plan Lacanians in these essays exist only as his phantasms. In any event, he doesn’t try to fight these phantoms by defending Lacan’s account of mental life against its many rivals. Other? He accepts, as we’ll see shortly, key premises of Lacanianism on faith, as do many people he wouldn’t characterize as deep-dyed Lacanians. #381;i#382;ek’s complaints about lumping Lacanians together diverts our attention from the point at issue. Whether Lacan forms an “ultimate background,” whatever that means, isn’t worth disputing. Against Gun Control? #381;i#382;ek knows perfectly well that a great many film scholars have cited Lacan and used his work to bolster theoretical or interpretive claims.

Although the three essays invoke many writers by name (and my essay analyzes one essay by the #381;i#382;ek-endorsed Lacanian Copjec), the crucial issue is the role Lacan’s theories play within the other essay intellectual doctrines of essay on human resource, contemporary film theory. This #381;i#382;ek doesn’t address. Other Essay Rizal? Once we get past rhetorical questions and diversionary tactics, #381;i#382;ek is given an excellent opportunity to engage with Post#8209;Theory by Stephen Prince’s essay. Prince argues, I think plausibly, that psychoanalysis lacks reliable data on which to build its theories. Records of the clinical session are available only to the analyst (yielding “nontraceable disclosures”); there are no established standards for interpreting the patient’s discourse; and the analyst inevitably filters the full range of the patient’s reports, summarizing and inflecting them in her interpretation. On Human System? Prince then argues that these failings are present in Freud’s own classic paper, “A Child is essay Being Beaten.” Prince goes on how i spent my holidays, to suggest that psychoanalytic theory of cinema is at a disadvantage because of its weak account of perception and its resolute ignoral of the ways in which cinema resembles the world, both of which can be better accounted for by rival theories. There are many things #381;i#382;ek (and MacCabe, the written book’s patron) would object to here. But #381;i#382;ek never discusses any of them. It’s entirely possible that Prince has mischaracterized psychoanalytic method, or has misread Freud’s paper, or has misunderstood Lacanian film theory. But #381;i#382;ek doesn’t make any effort to show weaknesses in the essay.

He merely mocks the tilapia title (p. 1). Likewise, you’d think that he’d slice my essay to ribbons. “Contemporary Film Studies” delineates two trends in other essay written by jose the field, what I call subject-position theory (the Screen legacy) and essay on witness, culturalism. I trace those trends historically and try to show continuities between them. The conceptual continuities I argue for other written, involve social constructivism, theories of subjectivity, the centrality of essay, identification, and an underlying commitment to semiotics. I also argue that subject-position adherents and culturalists follow similar argumentative routines, notably a commitment to doctrine-driven inquiry, a fondness for written by jose rizal, pasting together ideas from quite divergent theorists, a reliance on association rather than linear reasoning, and a commitment to farming plan, hermeneutic applications of theory to films (producing “readings”). On each point I advance some critical remarks, including charges of self-contradiction. Other Written By Jose Rizal? A philosopher ought to 4 paragraph, be rubbing his hands at the prospect of going after this essay. I could be vulnerable from many angles. #381;i#382;ek could attack my characterization of Freud, Lacan, and the rest; my critiques of same; and essay written by jose, above all my outline of the two trends. Most important, although I didn’t have #381;i#382;ek in essay on witness mind when I wrote the essay, he himself instantiates all the conceptual commitments and rhetorical habits I criticize.

His work is a pastiche of many, widely varying intellectual sources (from Ernest Laclau to Stephen Jay Gould). He is an associationist par excellence. His use of films is purely hermeneutic, with each film playing out written by jose rizal allegories of theoretical doctrines. And he never doubts his masters Hegel and Lacan, exemplifying the tendency I characterize this way: “The pronouncements of Lacan, Althusser, Baudrillard, et cie are often simply taken on faith” (21). So my complaints should strike very close to home. Yet not a peep from #381;i#382;ek on any of essay, these points. If I’m right, his theoretical program is seriously on the wrong track, but he feels no obligation to engage with my claims. This isn’t the thinker MacCabe says is “determined to follow the logic of any concept or text through to its bitter or sweet end” (FRT, viii). 4. Carroll and #381;i#382;ek 1: Reply as Confirmation. #381;i#382;ek is a philosopher, so perhaps we’d expect him to engage most fully with another of his profession. Essay Written? Noël Carroll’s essay “Prospects for darwinism, Film Theory: A Personal Assessment” presents criticisms that are severe and other by jose rizal, pointed.

Carroll argues that proponents of Grand Theory embrace a monolithic conception of theorizing, conflate theorizing with interpreting specific films, use political correctness to on witness, attack their opponents, unwontedly charge opponents with “formalism,” and exhibit a bias against the concept of truth. Remarkably, #381;i#382;ek responds to not a single one of these charges. He doesn’t, contra MacCabe, lay bare any fallacies, nor does he mount what he promises in his introduction will be a “critical dialogue with cognitivist/historicist Post#8209;Theory” (7). What he does lay bare, apparently all unawares, are statements wide open to other written rizal, Carroll’s objections. Fiske? Here is by jose Carroll: Proponents of the Theory let on that the Theory grew out of the student movement and 4 paragraph against gun control, out of a resistance to oppression everywhere. Consequently, from essay written their point of view, criticism of the Theory virtually represents a clear and present danger to the very Revolution itself. Anyone who opposes the Theory, for whatever reason, is politically suspect.

Criticisms of the dubious psychoanalytic premises of the writing Theory are denounced as reactionaryin a political sense!as if a belief in the equality of essay by jose rizal, races requires assent to essay spent, Lacan and the rest of the pet paraphernalia of the Theory. Other Essay Written By Jose Rizal? (45). MacCabe’s evocation of the class struggle in essay on witness his introduction strikes this note, as does #381;i#382;ek’s promise to show how Kieslowski’s work, “the site of antagonistic ideological tensions [sic], of the other written by jose ‘class struggle in fiske art’, can be redeemed by by jose, a Lacanian approach” (7). #381;i#382;ek begins his book by saying that the Post#8209;Theory trend is “often sustained by a stance of profound political resignation, by a will to obliterate the traces and essay how i spent, disappointments of political engagement” (13). The one piece of evidence he supplies for this is startlingly shaky. #381;i#382;ek takes the scholar Ben Brewster as “emblematic of the present-day state of cinema theory” (13). Why? Because Brewster shifted from other being a proponent of Screen theory to becoming a film historian displaying an “exclusive preoccupation with pre#8209;1917 cinema” (13). Why does this matter?

Because Brewster focuses on a period “prior to the October Revolution, as if to emphasise the will to obliterate the farming trauma of the rizal failed leftist involvement in Theory” (13). About #381;i#382;ek’s diagnosis that Brewster’s research constitutes a form of fetishistic disavowal reminiscent of a reluctance to look at feminine genitals, I shall say nothing. I just want to point out that Brewster has not restricted his research to problems society, cinema before 1917, not even in the book #381;i#382;ek mentions in essay written by jose a footnote, 5 so the tenuous thread of 4 paragraph, association fails even as a literary conceit. On its first page, FRT presents a strained reach for cleverness at the expense of nuance and other essay by jose rizal, accuracy. We’ll encounter this strategy again.

For our theorists, politics equals left politics equals the glory years of writing, May 1968 theory. Marx is always invoked, with nods to Eurocommunism, Althusser, and, surprisingly, Mao. Written? In 1974 MacCabe saluted the 4 paragraph Chinese Cultural Revolution as proof that ideology remained a potent force. 6 In a recent DVD liner note on Godard’s Tout va bien , he describes the Cultural Revolution as Mao’s effort to have the Red Guards “revolt against the ruling state and party apparatus. The young were encouraged to question authority and to insist on other essay written rizal, the importance of the class struggle.” 7 MacCabe doesn’t mention that Mao stirred up the young in order to regain his power over problems that same party apparatus, or that the Red Guards were not encouraged to question his authority, or that the other essay written by jose rizal ten years of Cultural Revolution shut down China’s education, exiled intellectuals to labor camps, destroyed centuries of cultural artifacts, killed hundeds of thousands of farming plan, people, and ruined the lives of millions more. Other Essay Written By Jose? #381;i#382;ek also invokes the farming plan Great Helmsman: “To put it in good old Maoist terms, the principal contradiction of other written by jose rizal, today’s cinema studies. To continue in a Maoist vein, I am tempted to[identify a given opposition] as the fiske darwinism second, nonantagonistic contradiction of cinema studies, to be resolved through discussion and self-criticism”(1, 2). Needless to say, why Maoism is good as well as old doesn’t concern #381;i#382;ekperhaps because, like many of his other citations, this tip of the hat to the cult of essay, personality serves merely as an effort at knowing rhetoric. Certainly self-criticism doesn’t enter his text. So Carroll’s diagnosisthat theoretical sallies are often justified by an unwarranted link to a particular brand of essay spent my holidays, politicsis borne out by written by jose, the very book seeking to essay writing how i spent my holidays, demolish Carroll’s views. Similarly, Carroll’s essay argues that in general film theories don’t necessarily bear traces of the theorist’s political orientation. By Jose? “I have evolved theories of movie music and point-of-view editing, but they do not, in any sense that could be called logical, imply my political position about 4 paragraph essays against gun control, anything from gun control, to sexual harassment, to communal ownership of the essay written means of production” (46). Contemporary Problems? The reason is other essay written by jose that theories generally underdetermine political viewpoints. “Given theories may be espoused by farming business plan, either the forces of other written by jose rizal, light or the forces of darkness” (47).

We might expect this to arouse a sustained critique from #381;i#382;ek, who obviously doesn’t believe in the underdetermination of theories; but no such luck. He remains silent. There’s yet another moment in which #381;i#382;ek confirms Carroll’s critique. Carroll’s essay criticizes totalizing conceptions of theory: Under its aegis, the film theorist sets out to essay on witness, subsume every aspect of cinematic phenomena under the putative laws and categories of his or her minimally customized version of the reigning orthodoxy. Theorizing becomes the routine application of some larger, unified theory to questions of cinema, which procedure unsurprisingly churns out roughly the same answers, or remarkably similar answers, in every case.

The net result, in short, is theoretical impoverishment (41). By Jose Rizal? And here is #381;i#382;ek, claiming that Post#8209;Theory. starts to behave as if there were no Marx, Freud, semiotic theory of ideology, i.e. Essay Writing? as if we can magically return to some kind of other written, naivete before things like the unconscious, the management system overdetermination of other essay written by jose rizal, our lives by the decentred symbolic processes, and so forth became part of tilapia farming, our theoretical awareness (14). #381;i#382;ek can’t entertain the prospect that ideas can be “part of our theoretical awareness” and still be invalid. Suppose, just suppose, that all these “things”points of doctrineare shot through with conceptual and empirical mistakes. This is what Prince, Carroll, and I are saying. We don’t ignore this theory; we criticize it.

Being skeptical about weak theories isn’t a return to innocence. It’s an advance; it can cast out error. The task is not to call us naïve but rather to show that the unconscious, the overdetermination of so on and so forth remain valid ideas. Written By Jose Rizal? The way to show this is not by waxing nostalgic for the days when everyone read Althusser, but by overcoming our criticisms. Yet in #381;i#382;ek’s hands, confirming Carroll’s objections once more, Lacanian theory functions as a set of axioms or dogmas rather than working ideas to be subjected to critical discussion. On Witness? Post#8209;Theory argues against the very idea of Theory and supports the idea of theories and theorizing (p. Other Essay Written By Jose Rizal? xiv).

Theories operate at many levels of generality and tilapia plan, tackle many different questions. Theorizing is other by jose rizal a process of proposing, refining, correcting, and perhaps rejecting answers, in the context of a multidisciplinary conversation. But for #381;i#382;ek, the unconscious, the overdetermination of our lives, and all the rest is Theory entire and whole. No intellectual activity (save “historical research”) lives outside it, and it can be discussed only by those already accepting the premises of its sacred texts. Tilapia Business Plan? And once the only correct Theory is packaged with the only correct political attitudes, you have a powerful weapon against anyone who differs. FRT confirms Carroll’s claim: “The Theory has been effectively insulated from sustained logical and empirical analysis by a cloak of political correctness” (45). Carroll and #381;i#382;ek 2: Dialectics of other by jose rizal, Inquiry and of Nature. #381;i#382;ek ignores almost all the substantive points Carroll makes in contemporary of indian society essay his essay. The one issue he singles out is Carroll’s proposal that film studies should be more self-consciously dialectical.

Carroll explains at several points what he means by other written by jose, this. Essay On Witness? In his sense, dialectics is an alternative to the method #381;i#382;ek embraces, that of deriving a film theory from axioms or first principles. Instead, dialectical exchange is other essay written by jose rizal a form of debate, “defending one’s own theory by demonstrating that it succeeds where alternative theories falter” (56). More extensively: Theories are framed in specific historical contexts of fiske darwinism other essays, research for the purpose of answering certain questions, and the relative strengths of theories are assayed by by jose, comparing the essays against answers they afford to the answers proposed by alternative theories. This conception of theory evaluation is pragmatic because: (1) it compares actual, existing rival answers to the questions at other by jose, hand (rather than every logically conceivable answer); and (2) because it focuses on solutions to contextually motivated theoretical problems (rather than searching for answers to any conceivable question one might have about cinema) (56). Essays Against? #381;i#382;ek does object to Carroll’s point, but he misconstrues it.

He says that this conception of dialectics is “simply the notion of cognition as the gradual progress of our always limited knowledge through the testing of essay by jose, specific hypotheses” (14). Now this is plainly not what the passage quoted above says. #381;i#382;ek eliminates the communal and comparative dimensions of inquiry Carroll invokes, and introduces “the testing of specific hypotheses.” He goes on to add that the process is “unending,” assigning to Carroll “a modest view of endless competive struggle” (15). But again, Carroll does not say that the process is infinite. He says that by eliminating error and mounting sound theories, we can arrive at reliable if approximate truths. These theories may stand for a long time; perhaps a better theory will never come along (58). “There is no reason to concede that we cannot also craft film theories in the here and essays against, now that are approximately true” (58). There is nothing inherently unending about this process. So #381;i#382;ek has misunderstood Carroll’s conception of dialectical inquiry. But that’s not all. Having rewritten Carroll’s claims, #381;i#382;ek blurts out: “Well, if this is dialectics, then Karl Popper, the essay rizal most aggressive and dismissive critic of Hegel, was the greatest dialectician of them all!” (15). This expostulation encapsulates many assumptions, all of them questionable. First, Carroll’s conception of theory-building doesn’t follow Popper, since Carroll has made no reference to falsifiability as the key criterion for conjecture and refutation.

Carroll’s view of collective problem-solving through debate is a far broader position in the philosophy of science than Popper’s account. Secondly, as Carroll points out in society a subsequent version of essay by jose, his essay, “an unbiased examination of the history of philosophy will show, I believe, that Hegel has no patent on dialectics.” 8 I’d go further and observe that the on human system concept of other essay written by jose, dialectic derives from ancient Greece, and it simply means “conversing.” Carroll is using the concept in its most basic and uncontroversial sense. #381;i#382;ek could have distinguished Carroll’s use from that of on human resource management system, other thinkers, notably Hegel, but that would require a careful and other essay written rizal, painstaking response, not a cri de cœur . To assume that Hegel possesses the only valid concept of the dialectic is other essays something of an undergraduate howler. Finally, Carroll uses the concept of the dialectic as a regulative and pragmatic principle of inquiry. #381;i#382;ek, like Hegel, believes that the rizal dialectic also exists in the world, as a constitutive principle of nature, society, and indeed being itself. Thus #381;i#382;ek says that there is a dialectic informing the tilapia farming plan history of other essay written by jose rizal, film style (pp. Essay On Witness? 2225). In this way, a particular version of dialectical inquiry is other essay written by jose rizal justified by an ontological assumption. #381;i#382;ek brooks no dispute on management system, this: again and again he refers to by jose rizal, the “proper” use of dialecticsthe one forged by Hegel and, mysteriously, Freud (25).

But he nowhere defends Hegel’s idea of dialectic against other essays the hosts of other, objections that have been raised by over a century of critics; nor does he defend his somewhat idiosyncratic version of Hegel. 9 Another philosophical slip#381;i#382;ek confuses epistemic criteria with ontological onesand another moment at which a canonical thinker becomes a security blanket. #381;i#382;ek has one more cluster of objections to essay writing spent, Carroll’s conception of written rizal, dialectical theory-building. “Dialectics proper,” he says, is distinguished by “the way the subject’s position of enunciation is included, inscribed into problems essay, the process: the cognitivist speaks from the safe position of the excluded observer who knows the relativity and limitation of all human knowledge, including his own” (15). These are presumably the “hidden vanities” to which MacCabe alludes. The easy answer to other, this claim is fiske darwinism other this: #381;i#382;ek uses enunciation theory as the basis for his objection. If you don’t accept a theory of enunciation (which neither Carroll nor I do), the objection fails. (Note, in passing, #381;i#382;ek’s invocation of enunciation theory rests upon the oft-cited liar paradox: the semantic contradiction involved in saying “I am lying” supposedly exemplifies split subjectivity in all of language.) The equally obvious riposte is that Carroll, cited above, doesn’t believe in the relativity of all human knowledge (he in fact argues against relativism) and instead argues that truth is to some degree attainable.

Once more #381;i#382;ek has misunderstood the claims he’s criticizing. #381;i#382;ek goes on to create a sort of theoretical ad hominem . Having ascribed “modesty” to the position he attacks, he goes on to say that it’s actually an arrogant view. But he does this by again caricaturing the claims. “When I say, ‘The theory (which I am deploying) is just an impotent mental construct, while real life persists outside,’ or engage in similar modes of other essay rizal, referring to the wealth of farming, pre-theoretical experience, the apparent modesty of such statements harbours the arrogant position of enunciation of the written by jose rizal subject who assumes the fiske darwinism other capacity to compare a theory with ‘real life’” (15). In passing, I note that #381;i#382;ek here seems to equate the by jose rizal subject with an entity like an individual, capable of actions like assuming; but this is a philosophical error, as I point out in my Post#8209;Theory contribution (1415). Also in passing, I note that until #381;i#382;ek shows that enunciation theory is a plausible account of language or mental activity, his diagnosis, which wholly depends on this theory, need cause me no worries. More substantially, Carroll, Prince, and I never say or imply that our theoretical conjectures are “impotent mental constructs” when faced with the teeming reality outside our theories.

Where does he get this stuff? And what’s so arrogant about comparing a theory with real life? #381;i#382;ek does it all the time. Consider this passage from an interview, in which #381;i#382;ek is asked about his fondness for essay on witness, Lenin’s theories: What I like in essay rizal Lenin is farming business plan precisely what scares people about him-the ruthless will to discard all prejudices. Why not violence? Horrible as it may sound, I think it’s a useful antidote to all the other essay aseptic, frustrating, politically correct pacifism.

Let’s take the management campaign against smoking in the U.S. I think this is a much more suspicious phenomenon than it appears to be. If #381;i#382;ek can apply Leninist politics of violence to anti-smoking legislation (will he found a Cheka to purge nonsmokers?), I assume that other theorists aren’t being arrogant in talking of other essay written, how comparatively harmless movies relate to the world we live in. Dialogue versus Monologue. Throughout #381;i#382;ek’s objections to darwinism essays, Carroll’s notion of dialectical inquiry, one blind spot is evident. In his references to “testing hypotheses” and the isolated “subject of enunciation,” in his accounts of other essay, dialectical thinking by the solitary theorist, he ignores the intersubjective dimension of theorizing. Dialectical inquiry proceeds because a researcher belongs to a community committed to both rational and empirical investigation.

Whatever one’s personal feelings about people arguing against you, the regulative ideal of a research community is respect for darwinism other essays, argumentation and evidence. People who don’t agree with you aren’t your enemies; their criticisms may be painful, but one cooperates with them in an effort to attain more conceptual precision and empirical adequacy. Essay Written By Jose? Yet consider what #381;i#382;ek claims in another book, in 4 paragraph essays against gun control commenting on an essay in Post#8209;Theory : Lenin liked to point out that one could often get crucial insights into one’s own weaknesses from the perception of intelligent enemies. So, since the current essay attempts a Lacanian reading of David Lynch’s Lost Highway , it may be useful to written rizal, start with a reference to “Post#8209;Theory,” the recent cognitivist orientation of cinema studies that establishes its identity by a thorough rejection of Lacanian cinema studies. 10. Lenin, of course, saw his political opponents as his enemies, and he dealt with them as such. But to characterize one’s intellectual opponents this way is essay on witness revealing of other essay written by jose, #381;i#382;ek’s attitude toward debate. One doesn’t cooperate with enemies.

Another regulative principle of collective truth-seeking is dialogue. Whatever their personal motives, scholars are united in seeking logically sound theories that illuminate a range of phenomena. That’s what allows debate to flourish. When the community norms flag, debate withers and theory becomes a chorus of monologues. Arguably, though, #381;i#382;ek fails to grasp the contemporary problems of indian society essay intersubjective dimension of other essay written by jose, theorizing because he doesn’t believe in theory as a conversation within a community, a process of 4 paragraph essays against gun control, question and answer and rebuttal. Written? This construal of his attitude toward theory fits what we know of his intellectual demeanor. On Human? Consider these reports from an admiring journalist: 11. Bearded, disheveled, and loudBarely pausing to sit down, #381;i#382;ek launches into a monologue so learned and amusing that it could very well appearverbatimin one of the other by jose many books he has written (42). “Discussing Hegel and Lacan is like breathing for Slavoj.

I’ve seen him talk about theory for business plan, four hours straight without flagging,” says UCBerkeley’s Judith Butler. When not mediated by the printed page, however, the obsessive-compulsive quality that makes his hyperkinetic prose so exhilarating is somewhat overwhelmingeven, evidently, for #381;i#382;ek himself. Popping the occasional Xanax to settle his nerves, he tells me about his heart problems and panic attacks. As his eyes dart around the room and his manic monologue becomes more frantic, I fear that I may be his last interviewer. #381;i#382;ek is like a performance artist who is terrified of abandoning the stage; once he starts talking, he seems unable to by jose rizal, stop (42). #381;i#382;ek has developed an elaborate set of psychological tricks to manipulate his American students and enable him to essays, have as little contact with them as possible. Other Essay? At the first meeting of each course, he announces that all students will get an fiske other, A and should write a final paper only if they want to. “I terrorize them by creating a situation where they have no excuse for giving me a paper unless they think it is really good. This scares them so much, that out of other written by jose rizal, forty students, I will get only a few papers,” he says. “And I get away with this because they attribute it to 4 paragraph essays, my ‘European eccentricity.’ ” #381;i#382;ek says that he deals with student inquiries in written by jose a similar spirit. “I understand I have to take questions during my lectures, since this is 4 paragraph against America and everybody is allowed to talk about everything. But when it comes to office hours, I have perfected a whole set of other written by jose rizal, strategies for how to contemporary of indian society essay, block this,” he says with a smirk. “The real trick, however, is to minimize their access to me and simultaneously appear to be even more democratic!” Initially, #381;i#382;ek scheduled office hours immediately before class so that students could not run on indefinitely. Then he came up with the idea of requiring them to submit a written question in other essay rizal advance, on the assumption that most would be too lazy to do it (they were). #381;i#382;ek reserves what he calls “the nasty strategy” for large lecture classes in which the students often don’t know one another. “I divide the time into six twenty-minute periods and then fill in the slots with invented names.

That way the students think that all the hours are full and I can disappear,” he claims (49). There’s a lot to digest hereparticularly the rich image of a theorist who pronounces on all things political, historical, aesthetic, and psychological criticizing Americans for being “allowed to writing how i, talk about everything”but you don’t need to be either a cognitivist or a psychoanalyst to rizal, hazard one conclusion. An insistent monologist and a teacher confessing himself uninterested in student response might not be able to business plan, appreciate the community-driven nature of written by jose, inquiry postulated by Post#8209;Theory . This, then, is what #381;i#382;ek’s “critical dialogue” with Post#8209;Theory amounts to. Once more Carroll proves prophetic: “Sustained, detailed, intertheoretical debate and criticism is rare in the history of film theoryNowadays this tendency is particularly pronounced in essay on witness discussions of cognitivism, which view is other essay written by jose swiftly dismissed by castigating buzz-words like ‘formalism,’ or maybe ‘idealism,’ uttered just before the author goes on to repeat, at length, yet again, the received wisdom of Theory” (57). #381;i#382;ek obviously thinks that he has engaged in 4 paragraph gun control a critical dialogue, and essay written by jose, he’s not alone. A review 12 of FRT praises #381;i#382;ek as “formidably well-read,” a “subtle theorist” able to operate “at the highest levels of psychological and other essays, philosophical abstraction.” The book offers, in other by jose rizal the reviewer’s opinion, “A mode of aesthetic analysis that fully describes the most spectral and intangible [sic] of film without compromising the essay on witness underlying theoretical rigor.” Everything I’ve said so far indicates that I can’t agree. Where are the subtleties? Where is the rigor? The reviewer doesn’t say, passing over the book’s avowedly theoretical chapters in a couple of paragraphs.

Perhaps the reviewer accepts #381;i#382;ek’s own conception of Post#8209;Theory . Other Essay By Jose? The reviewer says that #381;i#382;ek’s “fierce critique” rests on the idea that Post#8209;Theory “attempts to move away from a reliance on theory and back toward more empirical accounts of essays, film.” Since anyone who read Post#8209;Theory would understand that we plead for other essay, better theories, not the elimination of theoretical work, I have to 4 paragraph essays, conclude that the other essay written reviewer relies on problems of indian, #381;i#382;ek’s characterization of the book’s project. And this is a mistake, for #381;i#382;ek makes several errors. First, he claims that the other essay rizal Post#8209;Theory collection is “a kind of manifesto” of cognitive film theory. 13 This flies in the face of the introduction to Post#8209;Theory , where Carroll and I say, “It needs to be stressed that though a number of the articles in this volume are cognitivist, the volume itself is not a primer in cognitivism. The unifying principle in this book is that all the research included exemplifies the possibility of 4 paragraph, scholarship that is not reliant upon the psychoanalytic framework that dominates film academia (xvi).” Moreover, there is cognitivist film theory that isn’t “post-theoretical”; presumably many people pursuing cognition-based answers to theoretical questions don’t reject psychoanalysis from the standpoint we adopt. Many psychologists studying filmic perception have probably never heard of Jacques Lacan. I conclude that #381;i#382;ek uses the term “Post#8209;Theory” to sum up a broad movement he takes to be emerging within film studies as the principal rival to other rizal, the psychoanalytic (specifically, Lacanian) paradigm. This makes a conveniently broad target, but only at plan, the expense of subtlety and rigor. When #381;i#382;ek treats the Post#8209;Theory movement as “the cognitivist and/or historicist reaction” to Grand Theory ( FRT , 1), he displays a second confusion. To call the historical essays collected in Post#8209;Theory “historicist” is at best ambiguous. In the relevant sense, historicism involves the belief that concepts held by historical agents at a given time are sui generis and can’t be unproblematically translated into terms available at the historian’s moment.

For example, Foucault’s position in “What Is an other essay by jose rizal, Author?” can be described as historicist. He posits that the modern concept of the author came into existence at a particular time and place and can’t be presumed to operate in plan earlier circumstances. But historicism in this sense plainly isn’t advocated or even presupposed by the historians in the Post#8209;Theory collection; their essays don’t take a position on this issue. Of course it’s possible that #381;i#382;ek simply means to essay by jose, indicate that the essays are historical studies; but then he’s misusing the term “historicism.” As a philosopher, #381;i#382;ek should be committed to clarifying terms rather than fogging them. At some point someone is likely to business, say that #381;i#382;ek is elusive because he’s playful. His flights of fancy try to other written by jose rizal, get you to think outside the box; he’s a provocateur. I suppose this comes down to taste, but I find #381;i#382;ek not provocative at all. Essay On Witness? Praising Lacan, Lenin, and Mao seems to me not rebellion but a retread. And we come at some point to a matter of sincerity.

When is other he not being playful? When is he putting forth a claim he’s committed to? For example, in FRT he proposes that pictures have two frames, one external, one internal, “the frame implied by the structure of the painting” (130). Other Essays? “These two frames by definition never overlap” (130). 14 Yet in his prologue, #381;i#382;ek explains that at a conference, asked to comment on a picture, he “engaged in a total bluff” (5) by positing the existence of written by jose rizal, these two frames. 4 Paragraph Essays? He goes on essay written by jose rizal, to make fun of people who took it seriously: To my surprise, this brief intervention was a huge success, and many following participants referred to the dimension in-between-the-two-frames, elevating it into a term. This very success made me sad, really sad.

What I encountered here was not only the efficiency of a bluff, but a much more radical apathy at on witness, the very heart of today’s cultural studies (6). The postmodern emperor doesn’t need a child in the crowd to point out written his nakedness; he does so himself, and fiske essays, mourns the essay rizal fact that he fooled so many. But the question nags us: Are we to believe the two-frames theory when it’s floated later in essay how i the book? Evidently not, since it’s admittedly a bluff. But perhaps #381;i#382;ek really believes the theory, so that in essay written the prologue, when he says that his theory is a bluff, he’s bluffing. This compels us to ask: Might not everything he says about tilapia farming plan, Lacan, Post#8209;Theory, and the rest be a bluff akin to the two-frames bluff? No wonder #381;i#382;ek takes the Liar’s Paradox to written by jose rizal, be the prototype of language use. What others might find a dizzying display of academic cleverness makes me sad too, but perhaps in a different way. Farming Business Plan? Are we wasting our time in expecting #381;i#382;ek to offer reasonable arguments? Fundamental questions of responsibility arise here, especially in relation to a writer not hesitant to other, condemn the beliefs and actions of on human resource system, others.

It’s tedious to be lectured on morality and ethics from essay written by jose someone who casually announces petty acts of deceit, like sneaking out of office hours or fooling gullible academics who are eager to take a master’s every word as a revelation. “Well,” #381;i#382;ek or a sympathetic reviewer might ask me, “can’t we say that he engages seriously and straightforwardly with your claims? He has much to say about your book, On the History of Film Style and your claims about contingent universals in darwinism other essays one essay of by jose rizal, Post#8209;Theory .” He does indeed. I was surprised, however, that when he turns on his analytical powers, how little his objections amount to. I’ve made my reply in Figures Traced in Light (260264), so I won’t rehash it here. I think I show that when #381;i#382;ek tries to be serious and dismantle an argument critically, the results are vague, digressive, equivocal, contradictory, and farming, either obviously inaccurate or merely banal. This might explain why he so seldom tries to be analytical.

Vagueness, digressions, equivocations, etc. are less apparent if you’re playful. But we can forgive all this, others will reply, because #381;i#382;ek is such a lively writer. Recall that Boynton, above, calls his prose “hyperkinetic” and “exhilarating,” and other by jose rizal, names him “a dazzlingly acute thinker and prose stylist.” Frankly, I can’t imagine Boynton and I are reading the essays against gun control same writer. As with many contemporary theorists, #381;i#382;ek’s dominant register is what Frederick Crews has called ponderous coyness. 15 His humor is academic, and academic humor is to other essay by jose rizal, humor as military intelligence is to intelligence.

As for contemporary problems society essay, the texture of the other essay written rizal prose, try to find the acuteness and hyperkinesis here: The underlying principle and support of this thesis of the symbolic order is that, in each field of meaning, if this field is to be ‘totalised,’ there has to be an additional/excessive signifier which, as it were, gives a positive figure to that which cannot be properly included into this field, somewhat like Spinoza’s well-known criticism of the traditional personalized notion of God: at the point at darwinism other, which our positive knowledge of the causal links fails, we supplement this lack with the by jose idea of essay on witness, ‘God,’ which, instead of providing a precise idea of a cause, just fills in written rizal the lack of essay writing how i my holidays, this idea. ( FRT , 6465). Not only is this an obscure and pretentious way of recycling a familiar post-Structuralist idea, the sentences aren’t minimally well-written. Other Essay Written Rizal? (I grant that “as it were” is a nice touch, as if the entire passage weren’t built on metaphors and supposition.) In all, this writing style isn’t a good way to achieve #381;i#382;ek’s goal of distinguishing “Theory proper” from “its jargonistic imitation” ( FRT , 5). What makes people think that #381;i#382;ek writes gracefully, I think, is the casual way he drops in movies, current event, and homely examples. So this: “These partial objets petit a are neither subjective nor objective, but the short-circuit of the on human resource management two dimensions: the subjective stain/stand-in that sustains the order of objectivity, and essay, the objective ‘bone in essay my holidays the throat’ that sustains subjectivity” ( FRT , 65) is followed by: “Does this not provide the reason why, in so-called caper films?” ( FRT , 66). A stretch of churned mud is softened by a stream of essay rizal, colorful, if far-fetched, examples. Cutely illustrating an ontological concept through mundane instances seems to make for essays gun control, a user-friendly approach.

In every appreciation of #381;i#382;ek, there is a sentence somewhere marveling at how his vision sweeps from lofty abstraction to pop-culture examples. “He takes in subjects including national cuisines, the Cathar heresy and the literature and film of the GDR, citing Plato, Hegel, Derrida, Heidegger and more” (Monroe, “Fright of Real Theory”). Other By Jose? But such potshot erudition is in fact quite easy to achieve. On Witness? If academics are this easily impressed by name-dropping, no wonder #381;i#382;ek’s bluffs find success. And from this standpoint, #381;i#382;ek’s claim that correct thought moves from universal concepts to singular manifestations can be seen to serve the strategic purpose of other rizal, justifying his grandiloquent rhetorical leaps from the sublime to the ridiculous, from Leninist strictures on violence to anti-smoking legislation. Finally, I’m left with the question: Why do #381;i#382;ek and MacCabe elevate a single anthology ( Post#8209;Theory ) into a movement (Post#8209;Theory)? The book has won little attention, and no one else has built it into fiske darwinism, a mighty opposite to Lacanian theory.

I can only speculate. My hunch is that both #381;i#382;ek and MacCabe see intellectual work as a struggle for power. Recall their admiration for essay by jose, the likes of Lenin and Mao, note their rhetoric of of indian essay, enemies and obtuse opposition, and then observe that other passages suggest that by calling for conceptual and empirical theorizing, Post#8209;Theory aligns itself with science. Other Written Rizal? And science is a threat. After telling us that no quantum physicists worry about the ontology of what they observe (I suspect this will depend on what you mean by ontology), #381;i#382;ek complains: The objectivised language of experts and on human management, scientists. . .can no longer be translated into the common language, available to everyone, but is present in it in the mode of fetishized formulae that no one really understands, but which shape our artistic and popular imaginary (Black Hole, Big Bang, Superstrings, Quantum Oscillations). The gap between scientific insight and essay, common sense is unbridgeable, and it is this very gap which elevates scientists into the popular cult-figures of the essay writing how i ‘subjects supposed to know’ (the Stephen Hawking phenomenon) ( FRT , 67). As usual, any few lines of #381;i#382;ek demand both glossing and interrogation.

He starts by talking about other written, common language, then shifts to talking about common sense; but the essay writing how i my holidays two aren’t the other rizal same. Essay? Although many scientific ideas violate common sense, they can be put in intelligible language. Can it really be said that science writers like Stephen Gould, Richard Dawkins, Matt Ridley, Jared Diamond, Deborah Blum, Helena Cronin, John Gribbin, and James Gleick can’t explain difficult scientific concepts to readers prepared to spend a little time thinking? Moreover, given #381;i#382;ek’s tortured style, does he seem to have any regard for writing in other essay written by jose a “common language, available to everyone”? And if it’s wrong for scientists to be elevated as “subjects supposed to know,” why isn’t the darwinism essays same stricture applied, say, to written by jose rizal, Freud and Lacan, who have become far more Delphic oracles than Einstein or Hawking? Or even applied to the “popular cult-figure” of the larger-than-life, I-am-ze-bull European intellectual who says outrageous things in order to rouse us from on witness our bourgeois slumber? Needless to say, #381;i#382;ek is strategically vague; his comments evoke attitudes, not arguments. Nor does he mention that, whatever cult value may attend to scientists in the popular press, the general public remains remarkably resistant to scientific findings and other, scientific thinking. Most Americans believe in angels and essay on witness, a literal place called Hell.

Most accept astrology, consider the theory of evolution unfounded, and think that dinosaurs and humans lived at the same time. This state of affairs, surely related to the class struggle, won’t be changed by another gloss on the concept of suture. Someone will remark that at least #381;i#382;ek loves movies. To this there’s an easy reply. Who doesn’t? 1 : Colin MacCabe, “Days of Hope-A Response to Colin McArthur,” Screen 17, 1 (Spring 1976), 103. 2 : Ben Brewster, Stephen Heath, and Colin MacCabe, “Comment,” Screen 16, 2 (Summer 1975), 87.

3 : Thanks to Benjamin Noys for pointing this out to me. Written By Jose? 4 : I can’t resist adding that #381;i#382;ek’s third chapter, devoted to the notion of suture, misses another opportunity. Instead of recycling confused 1960s and 1970s claims about on witness, point-of-view cutting, he could have attacked the cognitivist criticisms of written by jose rizal, suture theory that I float in Narration in the Fiction Film (Madison, 1985), 110113. 5 : Ben Brewster and Lea Jacobs, Theatre to Cinema: Stage Pictorialism and the Early Feature Film (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998). See the many discussions of 1917 releases in the book, as well as the essay my holidays analysis of (1919), 133-136. See also Ben Brewster, “The Circle: Lubitsch and the Theatrical Farce Tradition,” Film History 13, 4 (2001), 372389. 6 : Ben Brewster and Colin MacCabe, “Editorial: Semiology and Sociology,” Screen 15, 1 (Spring 1974), 78. 7 : Colin MacCabe, “Postscript to May 1968,” Tout va bien program booklet, Criterion DVD no. 275 (2005), 20. 9 : I say idiosyncratic because #381;i#382;ek says (and he’s apparently not being playful here): “The basic rule of dialectics is thus: whenever we are offered a simple enumeration of written by jose, subspecies of a universal species, we should always look for 4 paragraph against, the exception to the series” (27).

I’m not sure that Hegel would agree that this is the basic rule, but it’s a good research strategy. Always look out for counterexamples to universal claimsespecially those made by essay written rizal, psychoanalytic theory! Remarkably, #381;i#382;ek goes on: “For example, it is my conjecture that the key to Hitchcock’s entire opus [sic] is the film which is integral and at the same time an exception. The Trouble with Harry (1954)” (27). Ontology and epistemology, not argued for but rather illustrated, and by a Hitchcock movie at that: such is the essay on human management zigzag of the other essay #381;i#382;ekian dialectic. 11 : All these quotations come from essay how i spent Robert S. Boynton, “Enjoy Your #381;i#382;ek!” Lingua Franca 8, 7 (October 1998): 4150. 12 : Alexei Monroe, “The Fright of Real Theory,” in Kinoeye: New Perspectives on European Film , available at http:/www.kinoeye.org/01/04/monroe04.php.

14 : To be fussily philosophical, if this distinction is essay written true “by definition” it can only be a deductive truth (which it obviously isn’t) or a stipulative definition posited by the speaker. If it’s the essay on human management latter, we require further conceptual or empirical proof that the stipulation is reasonable. #381;i#382;ek provides none. 15 : Frederick Crews, “‘Kafka Up Close’: An Exchange,” New York Review of Books (7 April 2005), 80. Essay Written Rizal? have comments about the state of essay, this website? go here.

Defining The Bibliography Reference Types For An Output Style. The Bibliography area of the output style editor is written by jose, where you determine exactly which fields are included for a specific reference type (i.e., book, journal, web page) and you determine the placement of the fields, the essays against gun control, punctuation, any formatting and indicate under what conditions the field should print (always, only for source types that are electronic, or always for source types that are print). You can also include comments about by jose rizal, each field in each reference type to serve as a reference or reminder of details for that output style. Use any examples in the Instructions to Authors or Style Guide when creating your style. Important Note: every output style MUST have at least a generic reference type defined in the bibliography area. The generic reference type is used as a default and society essay will be used by other rizal, any reference in your database that does not find its appropriate reference type. If possible, we recommend defining each reference type that you store in your database. Other. To create a bibliography definition: Verify that the other written by jose, Bibliography tab is displayed in the main area of the output style editor. By default, your bibliography formatting will be created for references that are in a single language.

You have the option to add additional language formats if your bibliography will have references in more than one language). To create a bibliography that supports multiple languages, click here to how i, learn about other essay written by jose, adding alternate languages. Under Reference Type , select Generic . Different reference types often require different types of formats so you must evaluate each one and make changes as necessary. For example, a Journal may require the Periodical Name be italicized and a Book reference may require the Title be underlined. Once you define the Generic reference type, you can copy the formatting from the Generic type to the other types. Contemporary Essay. From there you only need to make modifications as necessary. • In the Reference Type list, select the reference type you want to create. Notice that the Output Field Order box is by jose rizal, now empty. • Verify that Generic appears in the Copy Fields from list. Use this feature as a quick way to define various reference types.

Copy from the against, reference type that most closely matches the type you are defining. For example, if you have already defined Book, Whole and you want to define Book, Section you can copy from Book, Whole then make any needed modifications. Tip: If you are creating the written rizal, output style for a publication in on human resource management system the Humanities, we suggest making the Generic format similar to a Book example. If you are creating an output style for the Sciences, we suggest making the Generic format similar to a Journal example. The Fields for essay rizal, this type box shows all the fields available for essay on human management system, the Reference Type, Generic . Other. (The fields change depending on the type of reference you have chosen.) Select the tilapia business plan, Authors, Primary field and other written click the right arrow icon to move it to the Output Field Order box. Continue selecting each field that you need, in the order you want it to appear. Under Preview of Bibliography Output , click the Update button to see the fields you have added.

You need to click the Preview button every time you make a change to the particular reference type in order to see the updated information. Under Output Field Order , select a field and look at the Field Settings displayed to the right of the window. Click through the various fields and notice how the Field Settings change to guide you through the format defining process. The first group of settings determines the tilapia plan, formatting of the field itself as opposed to the format of the elements within the field. You also designate in the Field Settings when that particular field should print -- always, when the source type in other essay the reference is set to print or when the source type is set to on witness, electronic. In some cases, such as Volume , there is rizal, very little to establish. In others, such as Author , there are many specific characteristics that need to be defined. Note: Under Field Settings, if you want to precede or follow particular fields with a tab or carriage return (i.e., a new line), enter the appropriate t (tab) or n (carriage return) character. Tip : Detailed information about Field Settings typically used for defining a periodical are listed below. This will help you become familiar with the farming, different types of options available for the various fields.

Tip : A word about punctuation used throughout a reference type – punctuation is normally included with the field it is other essay by jose rizal, used with, however, in some instances you will need to include the punctuation with the field that precedes or follows. 4 Paragraph Essays. RefWorks will automatically omit a defined field if there is no information for the field in a particular record. If you have defined the field setting to include the punctuation, that punctuation will still appear, even though there is no information for it. So, when you generate your bibliography, you will see stray punctuation marks. You may need to modify your format to include punctuation for a particular field with the field that follows it (The page number field is a good example. It generally appears at the end of a format and if your record does not have this information to essay written rizal, display, your format may end with stray punctuation, so include the fiske other essays, punctuation for the field before page number in other essay rizal the “precede with” area of the page field setting.). You can always manually edit your bibliography using your word processor, but this may be time consuming.

We do recommend you thoroughly check your final bibliography, as the information you have imported into RefWorks may be inaccurate or incorrect, but you should also check for odd punctuation as well. Author Fields (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Compiler and Translator) Enter any information you would like to include about this field. Essay On Witness. This field is information only and does not affect the formatting or output. Select any font attributes required, indicate under what conditions the field should print and enter any preceding or following text/punctuation.

The number of other written by jose, author names to essay on witness, be included in the bibliography. Essay Written. You can include all of the tilapia, names or some portion of essay rizal, them. Selecting Include All overrides the other settings. Enter 2 in the If more, show first box and select Italic. Click Update and see the essay writing how i my holidays, display change to two authors and display the et al in italics. By default, RefWorks inserts the word Anonymous in place of author names if the author field in a reference is rizal, left blank.

If you want to insert another word, such as Unknown, delete Anonymous and type Unknown. If you want the field left blank, delete Anonymous and don't replace it with anything. Fiske. If you want to replace the essay by jose, author with the essay on witness, title, click the Use Title box. Varies depending upon where the separator is located (i.e., between first and second author or between the second and written third author, etc.). In our example under If only 2 use , press the spacebar type and (without the quote marks) then press the spacebar again.

It will display as ( and ). You need to include a space on each side of the and contemporary problems of indian essay or the result will be John JonesandBob Smith. Leave the comma in written the If more than 2 use box and in the Before Last box. Fiske Other Essays. Notice that there are spaces after the comma and before and after the and. These settings may be different than the settings for subsequent authors. Under Name select the correct order of the names for the output style. For example, if the style requires names to be last name first followed by essay by jose rizal, a comma and space, then the first name and middle name, select Last, First Middle. The Initial box determines the essays against gun control, format of the other essay by jose rizal, name. For example, if the first name should be a full name and middle name an initial only, you should select First M . Under Case Setting , select any casing requirements (Last name in uppercase or Entire name in essay writing spent uppercase). These options determine the other essay rizal, setting for other essays, all names after the first author. In many formats, the first author is other essay written by jose rizal, Last, Middle First but all other authors are First Middle Last.

The Precede With and Follow With fields determine what comes before and after the author in a reference that contains only one author. If, as in our case, author is the first field in the reference, you do not want a preceding character so leave this box blank. If you want to follow the author with a period, leave the period in the Follow With box. Keep in mind that all fields in the Field Settings area have a Precede With and Follow With option. If you have Follow With characters of a period and a space and a Precede With in the very next field of a space what will actually show between the contemporary society, two fields will be a period and two spaces. The Precede With and Follow With fields determine what comes before and after the author field in essay by jose rizal a reference that contains multiple authors. Title Fields (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary) Enter any information you would like to include about this field. This field is contemporary problems society essay, information only and does not affect the formatting or output.

Select any font attributes required, indicate under what conditions the field should print and enter any preceding or following text/punctuation. To leave the title as it is in essay by jose rizal your database, under Case Setting , select None. To change it to Uppercase, Lowercase, Title Case or Sentence Case, select the appropriate option from the fiske darwinism, Case Setting box. Uppercase capitalizes the entire title (e.g., THIS IS THE ENTIRE TITLE), and other by jose rizal Lowercase format all of the characters as lowercase, even the first word in the title (e.g., this is the entire title). Title case capitalizes the first letter of the first word and darwinism all significant words in the title (e.g., This is the Entire Title). Words not capitalized in Title case include certain articles, prepositions and conjunctions such as a, an, and the.

Sentence case capitalizes the first word of the title only (e.g., This is the entire title). Note: If you have proper nouns or specific words that MUST be capitalized or italicized in your bibliography, we recommend leaving the other rizal, case setting option as None . When None is selected, RefWorks will print the darwinism other, title EXACTLY as it is other essay written rizal, entered in your database including casing and font attributes (bold, italic, underline, etc.). Enter any information you would like to how i, include about this field. This field is information only and does not affect the formatting or output. Select any font attributes required, indicate under what conditions the field should print and other written by jose rizal enter any preceding or following text/punctuation. To leave the spent, title as it is in your database, under Case Setting, select None. To change it to Uppercase, Lowercase, Title Case or Sentence Case, select the appropriate option from the Case Setting box.

Periodical Name Format: Some Periodicals have both a full name and an abbreviated name. For example, Journal of Biology may be abbreviated J.Biol. There are several options for the periodical name format. To choose to have a preference in using the full name or abbreviated name, select Full if present, otherwise abbreviated or Abbreviated if present, otherwise full. Or, you may specify using only written by jose rizal one, full or abbreviated, by selecting Full Only or Abbreviated Only. If you use the problems of indian society, abbreviation and want a particular mark to follow it add the mark to the Follow abbreviations with box. Follow abbreviation with: Any entry in other essay by jose rizal this field would be in addition to what you defined in the Field Settings area.

Volume, Issue, Pub Year, and Pages Fields. Enter any information you would like to include about this field. This field is information only and does not affect the formatting or output. Options for these fields are very similar. Because they are numeric fields, you may choose to add a numeric suffix to the field.

RefWorks adds the appropriate suffix for the number. Darwinism Other Essays. Select any font attributes required, indicate under what conditions the field should print and enter any preceding or following text/punctuation. Determine any text formatting and by jose rizal if any information needs to precede or follow the field (for example, if it should appear as Vol. 10, you need to include the Vol. in the precedes area). Make sure you include any blank spacing or punctuation that should appear before the next field. Determine any text formatting and if any information needs to precede or follow the field (for example, if the issue should appear as (1), you need to include a left parentheses ( in the Precedes With area and a right parentheses ) in the Follow With area. Make sure you include any blank spacing or punctuation that should appear before the business plan, next field. Determine any text formatting and if any information needs to precede or follow the field. Make sure you include any blank spacing or punctuation that should appear before the next field. Enter any preceding characters (fore example “p.” might be used -- make sure include a blank space after the p. if needed) . Select the Page Range Setting (If you wanted the output to show 149-159, select Full End Page, for the output to be 149-59, select Abbreviated End Page and for 149, you would select Start Page Only.) The program assumes you want to written rizal, separate pages with a dash. Adding this field to an output style allows you to other, type in your own text and other rizal format it as bold, underline, italics, superscript or subscript.

Simply type the text in the Text to insert box and click the box next to essays, the appropriate format. One common use for other essay by jose, this is in the Book, Section reference type. A book section frequently requires you to include information on the book itself as well as the essay writing how i my holidays, section information. You may need to create a format like: Book Section Title. Other Essay By Jose. In Book Title. In this case, you would type In in other essays the Text to insert box and select Italic as the formatting option. All other fields with the exception of Descriptors have just the basic Field Settings. The Descriptors field also has an option for the separator between the words. Some of essay written by jose rizal, these fields may be useful for essay on human resource management system, various reasons.

For example, if you are printing a bibliography from a reference list for a particular class you may want to include the notes field for written by jose rizal, reference. If you do not define a reference type, Report for darwinism other, example, and you import a reference that is a Report, RefWorks automatically uses the definition you created for the Generic type. In general the Generic type is the same as the Journal reference type in the already defined formats. You can easily change this using the Copy feature discussed above. Other By Jose Rizal. If you selected Book for example, the Generic Reference is essays, now patterned after the Book Reference Type. In the Bibliography Settings area you specify the overall layout of the essay by jose, bibliography. Verify that you are in the Bibliography area (the bibliography tab should be grey and prominent). Click Bibliography Settings to expand and display the essay how i spent, settings options. Select the appropriate sort order for the bibliography.

In Order They Are Cited. References are listed in the order they are cited in the paper. All Authors, Year Title. References are sorted by the entire Author field first, then by year. References with the exact same authors and year are then sorted by title.

All Authors Title. References are first sorted by the entire Author field. References with the same authors are then sorted by title. First Author, Year Other Authors. References are sorted by the first author only, then, for other essay written, references with the same first author, by year. References with the same first author and year are then sorted based upon all other authors. First Author, Number of Authors Year.

References are sorted by the first author only and then by the number of darwinism essays, authors in the reference. For example, if the rizal, first author is the same, references with three authors sort before references with four. References with the same first author and the same number of authors are then sorted by year. Author, Year Ascending Title. References are sorted by contemporary society essay, the entire Author field first, then by year with the oldest first. References with the exact same authors and year are then sorted by title. All Authors Title (MLA) This sort combines all authors and essay by jose titles (for references with no author) into one sort.

Other sorts place references without authors at fiske other essays, the top of the list. Title, Year descending. References are sorted first by title and then by year with most recent articles at the top. Periodical, Year descending. Sorts by periodical name and then by year with the essay, most recent at problems of indian society, the top. Year descending, Author.

Sorts first by other essay by jose, year with the most recent at the top and within the same year by author. Year descending, Title. Sorts first by year with the most recent at the top and within the same year by essay spent, title. Year descending, Periodical. Sorts first by year with the most recent at the top and within the same year by periodical name. Year ascending, Title.

Sorts first by year with the oldest at essay written by jose rizal, the top and within the same year by against, title. Sorts references by other written by jose rizal, the ID number. If the bibliography should have a title before it begins, type the title in the Reference List Title box. The title is automatically centered on the page when you view or print the problems society essay, document. Select Include empty fields in the reference output if, for example, you want the page number field included in the bibliography even if there is no page number in other essay written by jose rizal the reference. If you do not select this option, RefWorks automatically takes out empty fields. Most output styles do not call for empty fields to be included, so this option should be cleared. Select Apply APA Rules for on witness, Electronic Source field inclusion if your style should follow the new APA guidelines that require inclusion of a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) if available, in other written by jose rizal the bibliography. When this option is on witness, selected, RefWorks will look for Digital Object Identifier (DOI) information for the reference and print that first. Essay By Jose Rizal. If there is no DOI in the reference, then the RefWorks will print the information in the Links and the Retrieved Date fields.

If there is fiske darwinism, no DOI or Links information, RefWorks will print the Database information for a particular reference. Other Written Rizal. This applies to tilapia, all reference types except Unpublished Material and Web Pages. For Unpublished Material the Database and Retrieved Date will print if there is no DOI or Links. For Web Pages, the Accessed Date and Database will print if there is no DOI or Links. Other Essay By Jose Rizal. Note: This setting only essay on witness applies to references where the Source Type field is set to Electronic . Under Indent Setting select the appropriate indent. Written By Jose Rizal. Select Normal if the first line of each reference should be indented, Hanging if all lines except the darwinism other essays, first should be indented or None . Under Line Spacing , select the spacing to apply to all lines within the reference. Your choices are Single , Double , or Triple . Essay Written By Jose. RefWorks automatically inserts one blank line between references in on witness the bibliography. Make the appropriate selection from the drop-down box for consecutive works by the same author. In some cases it may be appropriate to substitute dashes for other written, the author names. Enter the society essay, appropriate Precede with and Follow with characters for essay by jose, each reference. Tilapia Plan. For example, you may want to follow each reference with a period.

Text After Bibliography could be used to other essay rizal, specify punctation for all bibliography entries. Placing the ending punctuation in the bibliography settings would eliminate the need to include ending punctuation for every defined reference type.

Impact of Alcohol, Tobacco And Drug Abuse on Youth. Alcohol, tobacco and other written other drugs are affect youth negatively. Youth especially student's e.g. secondary and tertiary students abuse alcohol, tobacco and other Drugs. Farming Business? Drugs such as tobacco, cocaine and marijuana are the written rizal, major drugs which students abuse or use. Youth may end up drinking alcohol and using drugs because of various situations or reasons e.g. Farming Plan? youth especially school going drink alcohol, use tobacco and other drug as a result of peer pressure because they may want to feel grown up among their peers, some youth use drugs to relieve boredom and give themselves personal excitement, some use drugs to rebel and get violent without any fear of essay written, people or authority, some use drugs to experiment, some use drugs and drink alcohol because their parents also drink alcohol so they end up indulging in the practise as well, social background may also influence youths to use drugs and to drink alcohol e.g. if they are many drug dealers and contemporary problems society essay bottle stores around its easier for youths to indulge in the use of this drugs and lastly some youth may drink alcohol and by jose abuse drugs to feel pleasure and contemporary problems essay escape the pressures of life or to alter their view of reality.

Youth who get into drugs may get it from a friend's friend, who also got it from his friend's friend and so on this is to say that drugs are not of essay written rizal, easy access because they are illegal. Essay Writing Spent My Holidays? At the end of this long line of friends is a dealer who is making money out of destroying young people futures. The use of alcohol, tobacco and rizal other drugs has negative impacts amongst the essays against gun control, students who abuse this substances e.g. excessive alcohol consumption and the abuse of drugs are dangerous because alcohol and other essay drug abuse can affect health and contemporary of indian essay ability to by jose function and think properly, almost every system in the body can be negatively affected by use of drugs and drinking of tilapia business plan, alcohol. Alcohol can cause cancer, liver disease, heart attacks and other essay written brain damage, to mention a few. Alcohol, tobacco and other drug use does not only affect youth especially students' health wise it also affects their academic performance, it also affect them financially, psychologically, physically and ultimately students may suffer some legal consequences. Youth more so teens, who engage in tilapia farming business sexual intercourse and other by jose drug abuse including abuse of of indian essay, alcohol and tobacco, are more likely than youth who abstain from such activities to become depressed, have suicidal thoughts and or even attempt suicide. HEALTH EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO AND DIFFERENT DRUG USE. The use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs has detrimental effects on written rizal, health of the youth which may turn out to be fatal. 4 Paragraph Essays? The type of drugs which students commonly use are Stimulants (drugs that produce alertness, high energy, more awake and confident e.g. cocaine, amphetamines, caffeine) and Hallucinogens (give strange and intense visions called hallucinations) The scientific name for essay by jose rizal, alcohol that people drink is ethyl alcohol or ethanol.

Beer, wine, and liquor all contain ethyl alcohol. Other types of alcohol, like rubbing alcohol are poisonous if ingested. . Essay Writing Spent? Excess alcohol is the other essay by jose rizal, most common cause of preventable death. Alcohol is highly toxic to almost every organ in the body but when alcohol is taken in allowed limits amounts it is detoxified by the liver and 4 paragraph essays therefore does little or no harm to essay rizal the body. Alcoholic drinks contain ethyl alcohol and it is metabolized in the body to acetaldehyde. Both ethanol and acetaldehyde interfere with normal functioning of essay resource management, organs in the body including the heart and the liver and therefore if the liver and the heart get damaged disease occur which may eventually kill, teenagers maybe more prone to this effects in by jose rizal the youth as their organs are still developing thus toxic substances from alcohol damage their body organs. When people drink too much, with time they risk becoming addicted to alcohol. This is called alcoholism, or alcohol dependence. It's a disease, and it can happen at any age, Common signs include, loss of control not being able to essay stop or cut down drinking, not feeling well after heavy drinking (upset stomach, sweating, shakiness, or nervousness), neglecting activities giving up or cutting back on by jose rizal, other activities. Binge drinking happens when someone drinks more than four (for women) or five (for men) alcoholic drinks in about two hours, with the intention to getting drunk.

Binge drinking is the most harmful type of drinking. It usually happens at teen or student parties. The dangers of smoking are so great, but because of it governments get a lot of tax money from tobacco and cigarettes manufacturers, they are less hesitant to ban it totally. Government and society is aware of the essay writing my holidays, danger that is why they made it illegal for teens to possess and use cigarettes. Smoking of tobacco can cause many with many diseases like respiratory and heart disease including, respiratory infections, lung cancer as well as cancer of the larynx, pancreas, stomach, uterine cervix, bronchitis, emphysema and stillborn or premature children ().Smoking causes surges in the concentrations of catecholamine's (the stimulator chemical messengers of the autonomic nervous system) as well as increases in carbon monoxide in the blood. Both of other rizal, these short- term effects can exacerbate existing heart disease, resulting, for instance, in resource management system attacks of angina (chest pain). Nicotine raises blood pressure and heart rate, requiring the other essay written rizal, heart to work harder.

It also constricts the coronary arteries, thereby lessening the essay management, supply of blood and oxygen to the heart muscle. It also promotes irregular heartbeats (cardiac arrhythmias). Smokers are not the only people harmed by tobacco. Toxic fumes from cigarettes pose a health threat to all those around smoker's family, friends, and. Because the organic material in tobacco does not burn completely, smoke contains many toxic chemicals, including carbon monoxide, nicotine, and tar. As a result of this exposure, smokers' children have more colds and flu, and they are more likely to take up smoking themselves when they grow up. Smokers also affect other people as well e.g. passive smoking. This is the involuntary inhaling of smoke from other people cigarettes and other by jose we all suffer when we have people smoking around us. Tilapia Farming? It is called second-hand smoking and it is known to be even more dangerous than smoking itself. Use of cocaine has increased among youth over the years, along with the myth that the drug is essay by jose rizal relatively safe, especially when it is sniffed rather than injected or smoked as 'crack.' In fact, no matter how it is used, cocaine can kill.

It can disturb the problems of indian, heart's rhythm and cause chest pain, heart attacks, and even sudden death. These effects on the heart can cause death even in the absence of any seizures. Even in the absence of underlying heart disease, a single use of only a small amount of the other essay written, drug has been known to be fatal. Cocaine use is not healthful for anyone, but especially for certain groups like the youth. Although the drug has been shown to essay on witness impair the function of normal hearts, it seems even more likely to cause death in people with any underlying heart disease. When pregnant women use cocaine, they not only other essay written raise the likelihood of having a miscarriage, a premature delivery, or a low-birth-weight baby, but also of having a baby with a congenital heart abnormality, especially an atrial-septal or ventricular-septal defect. Use of cocaine raises blood pressure, constricts blood vessels, and speeds up heart rate. It may also make blood cells called platelets more likely to clump and form the blood clots that provoke many heart attacks. In addition, cocaine's effects on the nervous system disrupt the normal rhythm of the heart, causing arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats). Fiske Other? Recently, scientists have established that cocaine binds directly to heart muscle cells, slowing the other essay by jose rizal, passage of sodium ions into the cells.

Cocaine also causes the release of the neurotransmitter nor epinephrine (nor adrenaline), a chemical messenger that stimulates the tilapia farming, autonomic nervous system. Both changes can lead to arrhythmias. Heart attacks in young people are rare. However, when they do occur, cocaine is frequently the cause. Cocaine is a highly addictive substance, and crack cocaine is substantially more addicting, as the essay rizal, drug is far more potent and is smoked. Users quickly develop a tolerance to crack cocaine, needing more of the substance to achieve the desired effects. Because the 4 paragraph against gun control, high from crack cocaine is other by jose rizal so short-lived, users commonly smoke it repeatedly in order to sustain the high.

This can lead to an even faster onset of addiction. Also, because crack cocaine works on the brain's system of reward and against gun control punishment, withdrawal symptoms occur when the drug's effects wear off. These symptoms can include depression, irritability, and extreme fatigue, anxiety, an intense craving for the drug, and sometimes even psychosis. Users will often keep using crack cocaine simply to avoid the negative effects of written by jose, withdrawal. Marijuana harms in many ways, and kids are the most vulnerable to its damaging effects. Use of the drug can lead to significant health, safety, social, and learning or behavioural problems, especially for on witness, young users. Making matters worse is the fact that the marijuana available today is more potent than ever. Short term effects of marijuana use include memory loss, distorted perception, trouble with thinking and problem solving, and anxiety. Students who use marijuana may find it hard to learn, thus jeopardizing their ability to achieve their full potential. Long term effects include reduced resistance to common illnesses (colds, bronchitis, etc.), suppression of the immune system, growth disorders, increase of abnormally structured cells in the body, reduction of male sex hormones, rapid destruction of other by jose rizal, lung fibre's and lesions (injuries) to on witness the brain could be permanent, Study difficulties: reduced ability to learn and retain information, apathy, drowsiness, lack of motivation, personality and mood changes, inability to essay rizal understand things clearly.

ACADEMIC EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO AND DIFFERENT DRUG USE. Heavy drinking by students can lead to positive blood alcohol levels the business plan, next day, affecting whether or not they even get up for by jose rizal, class and, if they do, the quality of how information is processed and ultimately stored. Sleeping off a buzz, a common practice, can interfere with the sleep cycle, resulting in an increase in anxiety, jumpiness, and irritability the next day, and fatigue the day after that. With evening use, marijuana has the same impact on sleep that alcohol has, throwing off the sleep cycle and impacting how a person feels for at least two additional days. Marijuana suppresses neuronal activity in the hippocampus, resulting in problems with attention, memory, and concentration. There is increasing evidence that there is an essay, impact to motivation following marijuana use. This could be due to the effect of THC in the body blocking the passage of nutrients through cells, the essay by jose rizal, neuronal suppression in the hippocampus, or the decrease in energy accompanying the fatigue that follows night time use. Marijuana significantly increases heart rate, weakens the heart muscle, and 4 paragraph against gun control affects blood pressure- the increase in heart rate can be a concern for other written rizal, someone already dealing with anxiety ( and particularly panic). College students often forget why they are supposed to be in 4 paragraph essays gun control school.

Is the purpose of university life to party all the time or to get the most out of the learning environment? Substance abuse can seriously affect academic performance. Essay? Aside from long-term addiction (or possible emptying you bank account) it can cause grades to on witness plummet. How? Substance use affects you entire body, including your brain, in a variety of ways.

Judgment is often the written, first attribute to be affected. You may find it difficult to make good decisions, to make them quickly or to be realistic when you make them. Suddenly, it becomes much easier to wait until the last minute to cram for resource management system, that exam or to by jose rizal crank. First of all, drugs and alcohol are a drain on people's finances. Essays Against Gun Control? We have all experienced the stress associated with money at one time or another. For those who abuse drugs or alcohol, financial issues are further compounded by their need to feed their habit. They frequently accumulate debt, borrow or steal money from essay by jose rizal, others, or choose their substance of on human resource, choice over more important things like food for their family or utility bills.

While no one wants to be homeless, in debt, or engaging in criminal activities, the financial impact of drug and other rizal alcohol abuse risks not only your ability to support yourself, but it can also destroy relationships. Contemporary Of Indian? When you abuse drugs or alcohol, you are choosing that substance over everything else, including your loved ones. Other Written Rizal? Whether they are suffering from your financial choices or have become mistrustful of you, you have placed a strain on on witness, your relationships, which can ultimately ruin those connections for good. Families and others that rely on essay rizal, a sufferer of alcoholism are likely to tilapia farming experience problems related to financial troubles caused by drinking habits. The costs of alcohol increase as the alcoholic person builds tolerance to other written the drug in his or her system. This requires the person to take in ever-greater amounts of essay on human resource, alcohol in order to other essay by jose rizal feel the same effects. The psychological effects of this alcohol tolerance and dependency may cause the sufferer to become withdrawn and less supportive of colleagues, friends and family members. Sufferers may no longer attend social functions that do not allow drinking and may not be fully aware of their behaviour if attending functions where their drug of choice is allowed. A lack of resource, networking and communication with peers may cause further financial problems if the sufferer loses promotion opportunities. Greater drains on income and lessened opportunities may cause undue troubles for others financially dependent on the sufferer, requiring a spouse or roommate to other written by jose pick up extra hours or a second job to keep bills at a manageable level. SOCIAL EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO AND DIFFERENT DRUG USE.

Excessive alcohol use can affect all areas of a person's life, including family, work and personal relationships. Farming? Family problems: Arguments over someone's drinking can cause family and relationship problems that may lead to break up. Work problems: Drinking alcohol at work and hangovers can lead to poor performance and other written rizal accidents at work, while illness can result in absenteeism. Legal problems: Drink-driving may lead to fines, loss of of indian essay, license and even imprisonment. Misbehaviour caused by alcohol can also have disastrous effects on other essay rizal, a pupil's educational attainment, as well on performance in tests of intellect in later life. 4 Paragraph Against? Compared with those pupils who have never truanted, pupils who had ever truanted from school had increased odds of having drunk alcohol in the last week (odds ratios of written, 2.24 for those who had truanted in society essay the last year, 1.69 who had truanted previously). 6.5% of permanent exclusions of children from English state-funded secondary schools in 2010/11 were due to alcohol. Women, especially young women, encounter special risks in groups of drinking friends and acquaintances. In many societies, a woman who drinks seems to signal that she is at least approachable, and to other written by jose rizal some men an intoxicated woman is by fiske darwinism other essays definition sexually available. Such concepts as 'acquaintance rape' and 'date rape' bear witness to recent concern with this problem.

A large proportion of unwanted sexual advances are mediated by alcohol. Initiation into certain groups, such as military units or college fraternities, sometimes includes drinking very large amounts of alcohol, so-called 'binge drinking'. This pattern of drinking entails high risks of other written by jose rizal, accidental injury, violence and acute alcohol-poisoning. It has long been known that a heavy-drinking lifestyle in groups of friends is relatively common in the armed forces. More recently, the focus has been on such drinking patterns on college and gun control university campuses and what they mean for the development of problem drinking patterns later in life. A drug intervention is a structured, solution-oriented process undertaken to persuade someone who is abusing drugs to seek help in overcoming the addiction. Family, friends, and others involved in other the person's life use the intervention to demonstrate the extent of the effects of drinking and related behaviours. A successful intervention is not a confrontation but an opportunity for an addicted individual to accept help in taking the first step toward recovery. Often, an interventionist is invited to essay system serve as a guide and educator before, during, and after the intervention. Some drug addicts can and do recognize the extent of the problems stemming from drug abuse and seek treatment without the need for an intervention.

Most, however, are reluctant or unable to realize that drugs are responsible for the problems in by jose rizal their relationships, health, or work. Essay On Human Resource Management System? They ignore the safety issues related to drinking and driving and other essay written rizal other high-risk behaviours. It is business plan common for addicts to written rizal deny that drugs are the source of the difficulties they face. They may instead blame other people or circumstances in their lives. When that happens, an intervention can break through the denial and help these individuals clearly see the effects of essay, their drug abuse on the people who matter most to them.

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