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Cerebral Palsy Case Studies | Trishla Foundation | India

Cerebral palsy case study child

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Cerebral Palsy Case Studies | Trishla Foundation | India

auto resume soulseek Uma vez selecionado um arquivo ou uma pasta que ira baixar, va para tela de transferencias (Transfers). Case Study Child? Toda vez que queira monitorar seus downloads e uploads va para a tela transfers. Theme Essay? Abaixo as legendas das colunas : A. Palsy Case Study? Name: Nome do arquivo. Thesis Print And Bind? B. Status: Posicao do arquivo. Ha varias posicoes. Awaiting user: Esperando pelo usuario. Significa que ele nao esta conectado no momento. Cerebral Case? Remotely queued: O usuario esta conectado, mas vc esta na fila. Theme Analysis Thesis Statement? Tenha paciencia e espere sua vez chegar. Cerebral Palsy Study Child? Para saber sua posicao exata na fila, olhe para a coluna H (Place in essay to goa line). Cerebral Case? Clique com o botao direito sobre o arquivo enfileirado e escolha Get Place in Line.

Locally queued: O arquivo esta na lista de espera devido a configuracao de seu numero maximo de downloads. Analysis? Failed: Ma noticia. A transferencia falhou. Cerebral Palsy Study? Tente novamente clicando com o botao direito e escolhendo Retry. Essay Trip To Goa? E reze para que o usuario nao use firewall. Palsy Study Child? Finished: Arquivo baixado com exito. Development Doctrine? yeahhhh !! Remotely Banned: Vc foi banido pelo usuario. Case Study? Certifique-se de que esta compartilhando arquivos ou de que nao colocou um excessivo numero de arquivos para download de um mesmo usuario.

Estas sao as razoes mais frequentes de banimentos. Essay Trip? D. Cerebral Palsy? Time elapsed: Tempo transcorrido desde o inicio do download.. E. Analysis Statement? K/sec: Velocidade de Download / Upload. F. Palsy? User: Nome do santo que esta lhe fornecendo o arquivo. Python Homework Assignments? G. Cerebral Palsy Case? Size: Tamanho do arquivo. Development? H. Cerebral Case Child? Place in essay trip to goa line: Sua posicao na fila. Cerebral Palsy Case Child? Ver acima. I. Theme Analysis Thesis? Folder: Pasta de origem. Auto-clear finished: Se estiver marcada, o arquivo baixado e retirado da lista de download. Palsy Study Child? Mas nao se preocupe pois ele ainda estara em sua pasta. Assignments? Esta opcao apenas limpa a tela.

Eu particularmente, deixo desmarcada esta opcao. Palsy Case Child? Max D/L KBPS: Velocidade maxima de transferencia permitida (0 = ilimitada). Por exemplo, vc decidiu que em Max U/L 2 usuarios podem baixar seu arquivos. Se colocar 1 em Extra list user U/L, possibilita que um usuario, que esta em sua user list, possa baixar seu arquivo, independente da configuracao de Max U/L. Newman Doctrine? (no meu exemplo, baixariam de vc 3 arquivos: os 2 de usuarios normais + 1 que esta em sua lista) Retry: Reinicia a transferencia em caso de falha ou abortagem. Clear: Limpa a tela de transferencia: finished (terminadas); aborted (abortadas); ou ambas.

Search for cerebral study child same file: Busca um arquivo com o mesmo nome. Thesis Statement? Search for same file (in same folder): Buscar um mesmo arquivo em um mesmo diretorio (comando tosco) Remove from case study child, list: Remove o usuario de sua lista de amigos. Puzzle-based Introduction Mathematics And Problem? Se aparece esta opcao e porque ele ja esta la. Palsy Study Child? Ignore user: Ignora o usuario (Vc nao recebe mensagens dele) Ban user: Proibe o usuario a baixar arquivos de vc. Send message: Envia mensagem ao usuario. To Goa? Browse user's files: Entra na pasta do usuario, para vasculhar seus arquivos.(os dele) Get user info: Abre uma caixa onde mostra o perfil do usuario, bem como suas regras e gostos musicais. O Soulseek permite interacao com usuarios alem de simplesmente trocar arquivos.

Criar uma lista de usuarios. Palsy Case Study? Criar una lista de usuarios (User List) Aperte o botao add user e abrira uma caixa onde devera ser iserido o nome do usuario. Essay Doctrine? O botao Remove User da pra ter uma ideia do que seja. Case? ne? User Notes: Insere um comentario sobre um determinado usuario de sua lista de amigos. Para colocar o comentario, clique com o bt direito sobre o nick de seu amigo e escolha User Notes. Newman Essay Development? Insira seu texto na caixa que se abrira e de OK. Case Child? Para visualizar os comentarios adicionados, apenas posicione o ponteiro do mouse sobre o nick desejado.

Give Privileges: Esta funcao esta disponivel apenas para os bem afortunados que depositam 5 dolares mensais na conta do Sr. Literary Analysis Essay? Nir. Case? Se esse for assignments seu caso, agora voce pode compartilhar seus 30 dias de privilegios com algum amigo pobre. Case? Clique direito sobre o nick do pobretao e escolha Give Privileges. Literary Essay Thesis Statement? Clique com o bt direito sobre o nick de algum usuario de sua user list e escolha a opcao Send Files. B - Upload File: Para enviar apenas um arquivo.

PARA COLOCAR UM USUARIO EM SUA LISTA DE UPLOADS clique com o bt direito sobre o nome do usuario que vc deseja adicionar na lista e escolha ADD USER TO UPLOAD PERMITTED LIST. Geral: Botao direito do mouse Send message. Cerebral Palsy Case Study? Atraves de um 'Chat Room' (B): Entra no Chat Room(clique direito na sala desejada e Join Room) e duplo clique no nick do usuario. Print Dublin? Use Just This Once: Para usar a frase apenas naquela ocasiao. Cerebral Palsy Study Child? Always Use In This Room: Para usar a frase apenas em determinada sala. Use In All Rooms By Default: Para usar a frase em todas as salas. Newman Doctrine? Se vc e o usuario estiverem usando firewall, talvez vc nao consiga ver o perfil dele, bem como a lista de arquivos que ele possui. Child? A falha da visualizacao do perfil ou do browser, pode ocorrer tambem por falhas na conexao. Literary Thesis? Veja mais sobre Firewall e problemas na visualizacao de arquivos no F.A.Q.

Note que acima, um botao novo surgiu : Para isto basta ultilizar a opcao clique direito em cima do arquivo Download folder. Cerebral Case? Com este comando todo o conteudo da pasta sera baixado, incluindo a propria pasta. Essay Statement? Mas tenha cuidado: Certifique-se de que na pasta nao ha um excesso de arquivos e que possa desreipeitar as regras do usuario em questao. A regra normalmente e de 1 ou 2 albuns por vez. Consulte sempre o usuario, pelo perfil ou pelo browser, para saber suas regras para download. Excluir (banir) / ignorar um usuario. Cerebral Palsy Child? Ou entao pode se encontrar o nome do usuario em chats ou mesmo em sua lista e clicar com o botao direito do mouse e escolher Unban / unignore. Essay Trip? Entao deixe a preguica de lado e clique no botao 'File Search'.

Abrira entao uma janela semelhante a esta abaixo. Study? Digite o nome: do artista, da musica, do programa ou algo que faca referencia ao que vc esta procurando. Python? Se o servidor estiver redondinho e funcionando bem, com um pouco de sorte vc obtera uma lista com os resultados da busca. Cerebral Palsy? Para busca de video, coloque a extensao AVI, MPG ou WMV apos a palavra-chave utilizada para a busca. Ex: (Amado Batista AVI) ou (Tiririca MPG) Pode se procurar por imagens utilizando as extensoes JPG ou GIF. Thesis Print And Bind? Bom para busca de Capas de Cds. Cerebral Case? Ex: (Brianna Banks jpg) ou (Sylvia Saint gif) Abaixo as legendas.

Para adicionar uma palavra, escreva somente o termo e clique no botao Add Term. Assignments? A: Filename: Nome do arquivo. Cerebral Study? B: Folder: Pasta onde se localiza o arquivo. Learning Introduction To Critical Thinking Mathematics And Problem? Isto e interessante. Palsy Case? Se na pasta onde esta o arquivo, contiver um o nome de um cd que lhe interesse, pode ser que a pasta tenha todas as musicas do cd. Vc pode entao usar o comando Download Folder, que permite baixar a pasta com todos os arquivos do cd. C: User: Nome do usuario (nick) que contem o arquivo. Newman Essay Development? D: Size: Tamanho do arquivo. Palsy Child? E :D/L Speed (avg): Velocidade de media de download . And Bind? Nao e muito confiavel a indicacao da velocidade de conexao que tem um usuario. Cerebral Child? Ja peguei taxas bem altas de usuarios que indicavam 2.0. Em tese quanto maior, melhor.

F: In queue: Indica o tamanho da fila que vc tera de encarar. And Bind? Se a fila estiver acima de 30 fuja! A nao ser que seja aquele CD do Amado batista cantando ao vivo na casa da mae dele. Cerebral Palsy Child? As vezes pode ocorrer de o arquivo estar em cinza e comecar a baixar imediatamente. Assignments? Em contrapartida pode acontecer de o arquivo estar em preto e voce amargar uma fila monstruosa. Cerebral Palsy Case? Portanto va se acostumando aos bugs do Slsk e sempre de uma conferida antes de fechar sua janela de busca. Trip? Ao contrario das buscas padrao, que varrem toda a rede e nunca alcancam todos usuarios, uma busca no chat e garantida, pois sera feita apenas em cada usuario da sala. Cerebral Palsy Study? Sua Busca sera feita apenas nas pastas dos usuarios de sua lista.

A seguir, no campo B temos o botao Add Shared Folder. Essay? Clique no botao Add Shared Folder para escolher a pasta que sera compartilhada. Cerebral Palsy Case? Clique com o bt direito do mouse sobre a pasta recem adicionada e escolha a permissao de acesso a ela (Set Folder Acess). Python Homework? Essa permissao pode ser: Por ultimo, no campo C, estabelecemos de quem aceitaremos uploads (Accept uploads from), ou seja, vc escolhera quem podera lhe enviar arquivos. Palsy Child? As opcoes sao: No One: De ninguem. Users in essay thesis my Upload permitted list: Usuarios de sua lista de permissao. People in my userlist: Todos usuarios de sua lista de amigos.

Everyone: De todo mundo (nao recomendado). Palsy Case? Deixe sempre alguma pasta marcada com a opcao Everyone, pois o slsk e um programa de troca de arquivos. Essay Trip To Goa? Muitos usuarios costumam monitorar upload. Por isso se vc for cerebral study banido (Remotely Banned) a causa provavel sera o nao compartilhamento. To Critical Mathematics And Problem Solving? Tela Opcoes Gerais Listening port: O numero da porta que queremos usar para estabelecer as conexoes. Use UPnP manager (automatic port-forwarding): Para deixar que o SLSK administre automaticamente o redirecionamento das portas. Cerebral? Use sound notifications: Usar sons para notificacoes de eventos (resultados encontrados, mensagens recebidas, etc). Let users in newman development list download first: Da prioridade de download aos usuarios de sua lista de amigos (Userlist). Cerebral Case Study Child? Connect on mathematics solving startup: Conecta o slsk ao inicia-lo. Cerebral Palsy Child? Auto-set away when minimized: Ao minimizar o programa, este nos coloca no estado 'away' ou ausente.

Periodically refresh tray icon: Atualiza periodicamente o icone que aparece junto ao relogio do Windows. Theme Analysis Essay? Hide ticker when entering a room: Oculta automaticamente o 'ticker' (rotulo que mostra as mensagens postadas por usuarios) quando vc entra em salas ou chats. Cerebral Palsy Study? Timestamp private messages: Mostra o horario nas conversas privativas. Theme Analysis Essay? Reopen unclosed private chats from previous sessions: Re-abre conversas privadas nao concluidas de sessoes anteriores. Await server's send of cerebral palsy study my own chat: Espera o envio do servidor de suas mensagens no chat.

Use encspot to literary thesis read mp3 attributes (experimental): Uma funcao experimental que permite ler atributos adicionais de arquivos mp3. Disallowed Extensions: Esse campo proibe o slsk de baixar arquivos com extensao a sua escolha. Palsy Case Study Child? Adicione ou remova as extensoes nos botoes ADD e Remove. Essay To Goa? Allowed Extensions: Campo de extensoes permitidas para download. E o inverso do campo Disallowed. Case Study Child? Escreva o que quiser no campo para descricao do perfil. Puzzle-based Learning Mathematics And Problem? Muitos usuarios se utilizam desse campo para introduzir suas regras para download. Palsy Study? Quando vc entra no programa, ele demora um pouco para conectar, pois procura em seus diretorios compartilhados os arquivos que serao indexados..

Ha casos de o slsk nao conectar. Essay Development? Isso porque periodicamente fazem manutencao nos servidores e pode acontecer de ele estar inativo. Case? Dividimos esta janela em 5 partes: Se o soulseek nao conectar imediatamente, pode ser que o servidor esteja em manutencao. Homework Assignments? Portanto, seja paciente.

Para se mostrar ausente ou Away, apenas pressione o botao Toggle Away. Cerebral Case Study Child? A versao atual e oficial do Soulseek e a 156c. Statement? Feito isso o programa ira lhe pedir um nome de usuario e uma senha, que sera inventado por vc. Cerebral Case? Lembre sempre de guardar esta senha, pois se algum problema posterior ocorrer, esta senha lhe garantira usar o mesmo nick e suas configuracoes atuais. O nome de usuario e a senha escolhidos por vc nao se trata de um sistema de protecao como um numero de serie.

Ele sera usado apenas para fins de identificacao de usuario no servidor. Newman Doctrine? Se por algum motivo vc desejar TROCAR SEU NOME DE USUARIO , primeiro va ao menu Connection Disconnect. Palsy Case? Apos desconecta-lo va ao menu Connection Login as e escolha um novo nome de usuario e uma nova senha. Pode-se reinstalar o Soulseek sem a necessidade de desinstalacao. Thinking Mathematics And Problem? Apenas instale a versao nova por cima da anterior.

Mas lembre-se de nao estar executando o programa no momento da reinstalacao. Cerebral Study Child? Faca sempre backup de seus arquivos de configuracao(.CFG). Literary Analysis Essay Thesis? As vezes, por razoes desconhecidas, o programa ao se iniciar nao consegue ler seus arquivos de configuracao e o programa recomeca do zero, inclusive pedindo seu nome de usuario e senha. Cerebral Palsy Study? E interessante mantermos nossa configuracao anterior para nao perdemos nossa lista de amigos, lista de downloads, a configuracao de diretorios compartilhados e perfil de usuario.

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Case Study student with cerebral palsy in middle school

How I Celebrate New Year Essays and Research Papers. ? New Year’s Eve Celebration Marking the last day of the year , New Year’s Eve is one of the largest celebrations . around the world. It is a holiday to welcome a brand new year with your friends and families, a time to distress and unwind your mind. Since New Year’s Eve is just around the corner, it is never too early to start planning for the 2014 New Year Countdown. There are endless choices and if you are unsure of case, what to do on New Year’s Eve, here are some ideas to get you going.

The biggest. Countdown , Esplanade Bridge , Fireworks 842 Words | 3 Pages. general business activity to honor or celebrate a particular event. Learning Introduction Thinking. In religious term, it is a holy day. For example, American people . celebrate holidays such as, Thanksgiving and Christmas, Hispanics celebrate Cinco de Mayo, and for Vietnamese people, we celebrate a very important holiday which is the Vietnamese New Year . In my speech today, I will inform all of you how the Vietnamese New Year came into palsy case being, the tradition rituals, and assignments how we celebrate the child, New Year . Vietnam is a country in the Eastern. Chinese New Year , Fireworks , Luck 927 Words | 3 Pages. Cambodian New Year Every country celebrates New Year in its own unique . Python Homework. tradition. Khmer, “ Enter the New Year ”, is the name of the holiday that Cambodians celebrate their New Year . It is cerebral case child, celebrated each April and the dates are determined by literary analysis essay thesis the lunar calendar. It is consider as one of the most important holidays of the year in Cambodian culture. Traditionally, the celebration usually lasts three days and each day has its own meaning and tradition.

The 2010 Cambodian New Year was celebrated. Cambodia , Culture of Cambodia , Interview 1172 Words | 3 Pages. are: The Chinese New Year and cerebral palsy child The Chinese Moon Festival. They are also the most important and homework assignments economic holiday for the Surinamese . Chinese and cerebral palsy also worldwide for the Chinese people. These holidays are not nationally in puzzle-based learning introduction to critical mathematics Suriname as yet. Cerebral Palsy. This is not only python, celebrated by the Chinese but also celebrated by the non-Chinese people. These Chinese holidays are to bring family members together for feasting and share happiness. Study. They come together to enjoy their food on analysis both Chinese New Year and The Chinese Moon. Chinese calendar , Chinese New Year , Culture of China 988 Words | 3 Pages. the New Year the new year started with joy and happy times. I ended the . year with tears.

My best friend was a drug addict and i had to cerebral study help her into rehab. She did not want to trip go to cerebral child rehab so we told her we were taking her to disneyland. Essay Doctrine. She was so excited that she drove right home and palsy packed her bags. Every country has their own holiday system. Different countries have different holidays. There are also some common holidays that people celebrate around the world, such as Christmas and New Year. Chinese New Year , Jubilee , New Year 1054 Words | 4 Pages. Gabriela J. Bachman Professor Lathrop Writing 1 19 October, 2009 New Years at Home As I described in introduction and problem solving essay . one, New Years for case child, my family is theme analysis essay, a very important event and palsy case study child we celebrate it with a number of activities based in superstition. According to Wikipedia (1) superstition is defined as “a credulous belief, not based on literary essay statement reason.

The word is commonly applied to beliefs and practices surrounding luck, prophecy and spiritual beings, particularly the irrational belief that future events can be. Chinese New Year , Family , Fireworks 1133 Words | 3 Pages. TripsWhy usCommunityContact us Home China Tours City Tours Create My Trip Ideas Yangtze Cruises China Guide Home China Guide Chinese Culture . Chinese New Year Food Chinese New Year Food Chinese New Year Food Chinese New Year Foods are very important to Chinese people. All family members come together to eat at this time. Chinese New Year foods are not only delicious but it is traditional to eat certain foods over cerebral study child this festival. Chinese Dumplings, Fish, Spring Rolls, Nian Gao are usually seen. China , Chinese calendar , Chinese cuisine 1374 Words | 6 Pages. ? New Year’s Eve: a comparison between China and Brazil. Raif Remigio Alves SBA, Zhejiang Gongshang University, China. e-mail: . Statement. raifalves@hotmail.com Introduction A moment to calm, review the contents of the past, to establish in the present and palsy case child generate power to carry the future. Thus it is that most people around the world celebrate the new year , regardless of their country of origin, culture or financial condition.

The New Year is newman essay development, always celebrated with much joy, peace and prosperity wishes. Chinese New Year , Fireworks , Jiaozi 864 Words | 3 Pages. Vietnamese New Year: The Biggest Traditional Holiday of the cerebral study child, Year. holidays. Literary Analysis Essay. But Vietnamese New Year is the biggest traditional holiday of the year . It is the first and palsy study child last moments . of a year and thesis print and bind it’s a time for families to cerebral palsy case child gather all together on New Year Eve with the homework assignments, firecrackers, special food. This also is the opportunity for students like me to cerebral palsy case study meet old friends after one year abroad, to embrace of lovers after a long year of waiting. I was born in Vietnam and analysis lived there about 26 years , so I never forget Vietnamese New Year over there. When I see the last day of. Chinese New Year , Family , Fireworks 953 Words | 3 Pages. Participant observation: Shan New Year’s Festival 2107 (14th, Dec, 2012 from 7.30 p.m to midnight) Reported by cerebral child Thanh Thanh Phan Topic 2 . Puzzle-based To Critical Thinking Mathematics Solving. General Questions: Who they are? Where they come from?

Why they came here and when? When they started their business? Do they have citizenship and cerebral palsy study child how ? What are they doing here? What are their monthly incomes? Interviewing sellers of a consumption shop, cloth shop, CDs shop, food shop and their customers. ____________________________________________________________ . Burma , Chiang Mai , Chiang Mai Province 2009 Words | 6 Pages.

bring people together, while Christmas and New Years are just a week apart. Essay Trip To Goa. Christmas is a more mean fully holiday than . Study. New Years . BP1: Christmas vs. New Year : Religious holiday vs. on-religious holiday Topic Sentence: Christmas is newman, a religious holiday, whereas New Years is not. Christmas 1. Case Study Child. Symbols Jesus Christ 2. Religious holiday New Years 1. Does not symbolize anything mean fully 2. Newman Essay Development. Not a Religious holiday BP2: Christmas vs. New Years : Family vs.

Friends/Dates Topic Sentence. Christmas , Christmas lights , Christmas tree 755 Words | 3 Pages. Chinese New Year . http://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/study-break/video-zone/lunar- new - year -celebrations-begin-china 1. How many people celebrate ? 2. Palsy Case Study. Why is the Lion dance danced? 3. How do Chinese people celebrate the trip to goa, festival? 4. What animal is going to be a symbol of this year ? 5. According to the Chinese horoscope what kind of children are born this year ? Summarize the cerebral palsy case, information about homework assignments . Cerebral Child. Find the information about: 2. When is celebrated . Chinese New Year , Halloween , Halloween costume 995 Words | 3 Pages. Lunar New Year (Tet) in Vietnam Vietnamese Lunar New Year , commonly known by Vietnamese as T?t . Nguyen Dan or Tet, is the most important and newman development popular holiday and also festival in Vietnam. Do you know: Vietnam Lunar New Year 2012 will fall on January 23rd. 2012 is the year of Dragon About Tet Vietnamese Lunar New Year , commonly known by Vietnamese as T?t Nguyen Dan or Tet, is the cerebral, most important and thesis print popular holiday and also festival in Vietnam. Case Child. Similar to Lunar New Year in South. Chinese New Year , Ho Chi Minh , Ho Chi Minh City 626 Words | 3 Pages.

Paper How I had to theme thesis learn to swim. Cerebral Case Study. Learning something new for me can usually be somewhat of an essay statement, experience . that’s frightening for me at various times in my life. Case. One of the trip to goa, most difficult things that I had to palsy case study do was learn how to newman essay development doctrine swim because I was pushed into a pool when I was around 12 or 13 years old and it scared the daylights out of me. I was afraid of deep waters, but after being pushed into the pool as horseplay from my friends, I came to the conclusion that I had. 2008 albums , Debut albums , Education 646 Words | 3 Pages. `The Hmong New Year is case study, a cultural celebration that occurs annually, in the months of November and December, in areas where large . Hmong population exists. Essay To Goa. In this speech, I am going to share the three main components that make up the celebration of Hmong New Year , such as the culture of the food, tradition clothes, and the activities that are involved. I . There are several activities that are involved at Hmong New Years . Palsy Study Child. A. The game of love Pov pob, or ball toss, involves lines or groups of men. Hmong American , Hmong customs and culture , Hmong people 1110 Words | 4 Pages. Khmer New Year in Cambodia Khmer New Year , or ‘Bon Chol Chhnam Thmei’ in puzzle-based learning introduction thinking and problem solving the Khmer language, is the cerebral, . greatest traditional festival and theme analysis essay statement national holiday in Cambodia, and cerebral the celebration last for three days.

Khmer New year starts on April the 13th, 14th or 15th depending on the ancient horoscope “Maha Sangkran”, 2012 it starts on the 13 of April. The majority of the Cambodians are still farmers and analysis thesis statement Khmer New Year marks the end of the harvest season when farmers enjoy the fruits of their labor and. Cambodia , Khmer language , Khmer people 1584 Words | 4 Pages. How I Envision Myself Five Years From Now:An Autobiography. Autobiography and How I Envision Myself Five Years From Now”. It is true what they say: “Experience is a hard . teacher because she gives the test first, the lesson afterward”. This saying has been more evident in my life in the last 13 years . I got pregnant at 16, gave birth to my son at 17, got married and gave birth to my eldest daughter (my 2nd child) when I turned 18, gave birth to cerebral study child my 3rd child at 19 and even before I hit 21, I had already broken up with my spouse. I was a high school graduate. College , English-language films , High school 817 Words | 3 Pages.

New Year Resolutions: A Time for puzzle-based to critical thinking mathematics, Commitment. New resolution for year 2011 A new moment, new day, new month and . new year ; everything is looking fresh and rejuvenate to me as a new sun shining after one whole year . The year 2010 is over and now we are moving forward in 2011 with lots of new opportunities for everyone. There were a lot of good and palsy case study bad memories of last year , but I will grab good memories and move onward with this current year . Most of thinking mathematics solving, people have new tasks and ideas for new year and cerebral palsy child I also have some new resolution for this. Exercise , Eye , Health 1085 Words | 3 Pages. Vietnamese New Year Traditions New Year in Vietnam is not only a holiday but also the biggest event . of the essay trip to goa, year . It is palsy case, tradition of thousand years of newman essay development doctrine, history.

In Vietnamese, New Year means Nam Moi or Tet Nguyen Dan, which also means “the very first morning”. Nevertheless, people commonly call it Tet as its short form. As traditionally, the holiday lasts three days, starting from January first on cerebral case lunar calendar. However, the spirit of Tet starts on December twenty third, seven days before Tet’s. Chance , Chinese New Year , Family 1219 Words | 3 Pages. New Year Eve in Different Countries. Julia Deegan Ngan Do Eva Fraga November 15, 2012 Compare and Contrast New Year Eve in Different Countries . Homework. Wouldn't it be fun to travel around the world and celebrate the cerebral study child, New Year all year long?

All over the world, people celebrate the New Year ; This is one of the oldest of all holidays. Theme Analysis Essay Statement. Most New Year celebrations focus on family and friends, food and traditions, but not all of the celebrations take place on palsy child the same day or in the same way! Because people in different. Chinese New Year , Christmas tree , Fireworks 458 Words | 3 Pages. Chinese New Year event is that it is a big event in my home country. It represents the python homework assignments, history and culture from thousand . year ago in China. In this report, it covers certain dimensions: the background, rise in the event industry, event as a role in study child the society, positive and negative aspects and introduction to critical thinking mathematics the conclusion. Background The Chinese New Year festival, also named as the Lunar New Year festival, is study, based on the Lunar calendar. It starts with the New Moon on the first day of the New Year and analysis essay thesis statement ends.

Chinatown , Chinese New Year , Fireworks 1351 Words | 4 Pages. I am very exciting to tell you about the Chinese New Year Concert that held on cerebral case Feb 2, 2013 in San Francisco . Symphony Hall. This is a program concert that conducted by Mei-Ann Chen. I picked this concert because the homework, program contains traditional Chinese Lion Dance, Spring Festival melody with children’s dance, Geoge Gao’s erhu solo, The Butterfly Lovers. Tyzen Hsiao’s The Angel from cerebral palsy study child, Formosa and my favorite music piece with singing Ali Mountain Evergreen.

Geoge Gao’s erhu solo, The Butterfly. Brass instrument , Chinese New Year , Erhu 1060 Words | 3 Pages. Preparations for essay development, the New Year begin a couple of weeks before the palsy case, big day. Thesis And Bind. This is a fun time full of cerebral palsy case, anticipation and joy as we . Dublin. get ready for the thrill and cerebral case child excitement of the celebrations. According to puzzle-based learning introduction thinking and problem the traditions, this is the time to clean the house, prepare food for the feast and make banners and decorations special for the New Year . Cerebral Palsy Case Study Child. A clean house to welcome the New Year Before the New Year comes, it is one of the Chinese New Year customs to clean the house from top to bottom to get rid off. Chinese calendar , Chinese New Year , Luck 887 Words | 3 Pages.

How to essay trip to goa Survive Freshman Year of College (To be featured in Seventeen Magazine) By: Leah Streeval Going to college is . something preached to everyone starting in elementary school. Whether to cerebral case child go to analysis essay thesis statement college or not and where to go starts to cerebral study child run through peoples’ minds when they enter high school. Junior and senior year field trips are planned and actions taken to analysis essay statement go to college begin. Palsy Case Child. Then the introduction mathematics solving, time comes. Freshman year of freedom for most has arrived. Now what you do with is the next step. Freshman. High school , Junk food , Sophomore 1046 Words | 3 Pages. was seventeen years old in the play. She says, “ I am seventeen years old, parking off a dark lane with a married . man on palsy case study an early summer night” (Vogel 9). The play tells her story backward from the time she goes to college to the age of newman, eleven.

Moreover, Lil’ Bit has some age stations that are related to some events as following: * 11 years old that was the child, first time, her uncle Peck abuse her by putting her on his lap in order to drive, then he grabbed her breasts. * 13 years old, it the second. Abuse , Bullying , Child abuse 1390 Words | 3 Pages. 1.For many people around the analysis essay thesis statement, world, January is an palsy case child, opportunity to make a fresh start with the new year , but some might not know . over the last 4000 years , New Year has not always been celebrated on analysis essay thesis the 1st of January. The celebration of the new year on palsy study child January 1st is a new phenomenon. The earliest recording of a new year celebration is believed to have been in Mesopotamia, about 2000 B.C and was celebrated around the time of the puzzle-based thinking, vernal equinox, in mid-March. Cerebral Palsy Case Child. A variety of other dates tied to the. Black-eyed pea , Fireworks , Meaning of life 1845 Words | 3 Pages. Frequently Asked Questions about Vietnamese Culture: Vietnamese Lunar New Year. Frequently asked questions about learning to critical thinking mathematics and problem Vietnamese culture: Vietnamese Lunar New Year . Ha N?i: Th? Gi?i Publishers, 2003.

116 pp. . Culture is the aspect I’m especially interested in. And I find it amazing to cerebral case child read a cultural book in bilingual. Learning Introduction Thinking Mathematics And Problem. It helps me to improve not only my knowledge, but also my new English vocabularies. Recently I have been impressed greatly by “Frequently asked questions about Vietnamese culture: Vietnamese Lunar New Year ” - a book written by a cultural scholar H?u Ng?c and an American. Chinese New Year , Overseas Vietnamese 1912 Words | 5 Pages. How I celebrate Christmas Decorations And Lightings During christmas time in India, our family decorates . the whole house with lightings and decorations. We also set up a nativity set which is a major tradition to us. Lights are a vital part of celebrating christmas for Indians as they symbolize brightness and cerebral palsy study liveliness, we even have a festival of lights called, diwali. Red and green are the traditional colours of christmas.

Green represents the analysis thesis statement, continuance of case, life through the winter, green. Bethlehem , Biblical Magi , Christmas 369 Words | 2 Pages. the planet”, because as George Carlin, a popular American comic says: the mathematics and problem solving, planet is fine!” – It is more than 4,5 billiard years old and it . would be strange if it might be destroyed by us, who appeared only about sixty thousand years ago. Cerebral Palsy Case Study. It is learning thinking mathematics and problem, more likely that the planet will get rid of us and after a thousand or maybe a million years of cerebral case study child, tranquil rehabilitation, some new forms of life will appear. And the process as we can notice is going forward at a steady gait – last winter was extremely cold. Atmosphere , Bottle , Climate 1015 Words | 3 Pages. How sustainable am I ? Sustainable Development Essay Sustainability has been a hot topic for over many years . . However, the real question rising nowadays is: ‘ How sustainable am I , really?’.

In order to answer this question I first had to python assignments research the term itself and sustainable development. When growing up, I did not realize that sustainability would be of palsy study child, such great importance in our daily lives in the future. In this essay I will explain all the ‘ins and outs’ regarding sustainable development. Biodiversity , Ecological economics , Ecological footprint 1608 Words | 6 Pages. ppy 75th birthday Kit Kat Oct 10, 2010 KIT KAT:Sold in 72 countries worldwide Kit Kat celebrates 75 years . Puzzle-based Learning Introduction To Critical Thinking Mathematics Solving. Three quarters of . Cerebral Case. a century on from launch, Nestle Kit Kat continues to be a recipe for success. With around 540 Kit Kat fingers consumed every second worldwide and 17.6 billion fingers sold every year as noted by the Guinness Book of Records in homework assignments March 2010, today Kit Kat proudly celebrates its 75th birthday. The Kit Kat name originates from the late 17th century in London, where a literary. Chocolate , Kit Kat , Kvikk Lunsj 1619 Words | 5 Pages. ? HOW I MET YOUR MOTHER: ENDING ON CONTROVERSY The CBS television series, HOW I MET YOUR . Cerebral Palsy Study. MOTHER (2005-2014), ended its nine season run on March 31, 2014. Television audiences usually greet television finales either with great satisfaction or with equal contempt.

Instead of one or the other, the television series created by theme analysis thesis Carter Bays and Craig Thomas proved to be not only divisive, but also controversial. And romance for the series' main character, Ted Mosby, ended up being the center of. Barney Stinson , How I Met Your Mother , Marriage 1752 Words | 3 Pages. Chinese New Year? Is it Real or Fake? Chinese New Year ? Is it Real or Fake? This year’s Chinese New Year is case study child, going to be on: 2013 . | 2013-02-10 | Snake (2013-02-10—2014-01-31) | | | | Chinese New Year is the most important of the traditional Chinese holidays. In China, it is trip to goa, also known as the child, Spring Festival, the literal translation of the modern Chinese name. Chinese New Year celebrations traditionally ran from Chinese New Year's Day itself, the literary thesis statement, first day of the first month of the Chinese calendar, to cerebral palsy case child the Lantern.

Chinese astrology , Chinese calendar , Chinese culture 1760 Words | 5 Pages. CHINEESE NEW YEAR Chinese New Year starts with the New Moon on the first day of the analysis essay, . Cerebral Palsy Case Child. New Year and ends on the full moon 15 days later. The 15th day of the New Year is called the Lantern Festival, which is celebrated at night with lantern displays and children carrying lanterns in a parade. The Chinese calendar is based on a combination of puzzle-based learning introduction thinking and problem solving, lunar and solar movements. The lunar cycle is about 29.5 days. In order to catch up with the solar calendar the Chinese insert an extra month once every few. Chinese astrology , Chinese calendar , Chinese New Year 1994 Words | 6 Pages. not just any typical high school life we’re talking about; it’s an “RS life” which we can’t deny, is unlike any other. Cerebral Study. The chapter of our lives entitled . “Senior Year ” has just started but at the same time, it is also on its way to mathematics and problem the unwanted ending. This year , everything’s our last. Child. This year , we have to make every second count.

This year , we have to bear in our minds that this won’t last forever. The time will come that we will have to let go, move on, and accept the reality that we would soon be. 2007 singles , Debut albums , Education 1258 Words | 4 Pages. the perspective of a teenager who lives in New York in literary analysis thesis the 1950's. Palsy Study Child. From the context in the beginning and the end of the book, I'll just tell . you about this madman stuff that happened to homework me around last Christmas just before I got pretty run-down and palsy case had to come out here and take it easy (page 1), I could probably tell you what I did after I went home, and how I got sick and all, and what school I'm supposed to essay trip to goa go to next fall, after I get out of study child, here, but I don't feel like it (page 213), we can infer. Character , Fiction , I'm Crazy 898 Words | 3 Pages. Why and How I will Teach Why and How I Will Teach I am a new . student in theme analysis the area of education, eager and excited to be studying the foundations of the cerebral palsy study child, art and essay science of cerebral study, teaching and puzzle-based introduction to critical mathematics and problem solving developing my own initial teaching philosophies. I recognize that these beliefs will change over time based on my time spent in the classroom, my failures and triumphs throughout my career, and the complex landscape that we build upon. Cerebral Palsy Case Study Child. As our world is theme analysis, ever-changing and developing, it is crucial that as teaching. Education , Need , Philosophy 1384 Words | 4 Pages.

Understanding Chinese New Year Traditions. Chinese New Year is the most important of the traditional Chinese holidays. Cerebral Palsy Case. In China, it is also known as the Spring Festival, . the thesis and bind, literal translation of the modern Chinese name. Chinese New Year celebrations traditionally ran from Chinese New Year's Day itself, the first day of the first month of the Chinese calendar, to case the Lantern Festival on newman essay doctrine the 15th day of the first month, making the festival the longest in cerebral palsy child the Chinese calendar. Theme Analysis Statement. Because the Chinese calendar is lunisolar, the cerebral, Chinese New Year is thesis statement, often. China , Chinese astrology , Chinese calendar 1207 Words | 4 Pages. breezy night on New Years Eve. Many people would be with their close friends celebrating the New . Year . Perhaps sipping pretty glasses of palsy case child, lavish champagne, anxious as they anticipate for the clock to hit midnight. As much as I wanted to be with friends that night, I really just wanted to fast forward to the long awaited morning ahead of me. Visiting my brother in newman development doctrine prison at the Texarkana, Arkansas Regional Correction Center.

The old rusty doors of the prison awaited my family and I , slamming behind. Corrections , Emotion , English-language films 468 Words | 2 Pages. Tien Ong Tao: Vietnamese Lunar New Year. Lunar New Year Lunar New Year is child, one of the biggest festival in Vietnam traditional festivals . for thousands of generations, the thesis print and bind dublin, time transition between the old year and new year . Before the New Year over 2 weeks, all family has prepared for the New Year . They often cleaned and decorated their homes, buy flowers, food shopping. Cerebral Case Child. In addition, all non-essential items or bringing bad luck were being discarded immediatly. Print And Bind. Ti?n Ong Tao is considered the first day of the Lunar New Year . Ong Tao. Chinese New Year , Flower , Fruit 716 Words | 3 Pages. New Year’s Day ------------------------------------------------- Every country has New Year’s Day. Most countries . celebrate New Year on the first of January, the case study child, same as Thailand and Australia. However, in print dublin Thailand they are celebrated New Year by themselves because they have a second New Year called Song Kran Day or Thai New Year’s Day.

This essay will look at the similarities and differences between Thai and cerebral Australia New Year . ------------------------------------------------- There are similarities. Australia , Australia Day , Bangkok 484 Words | 2 Pages. head: How then shall I live? How then shall I live? Kevin Gunyak Robert Morris University . Professor John C. R. Silbert Introduction to Ethics December 12, 2011 How then shall I live? So far I have lived my life for twenty years and on February 2, 2012 will be twenty-one years of me living my life. Essay Development. When I look back on cerebral palsy case child my life I think. Emmanuel Levinas , English-language films , Ethics 1580 Words | 7 Pages. Review | Rubric | Student Example 1 | Student Example 2 | Back to theme thesis statement Assignment 3 How Am I Doing? by Jennifer Bartlett . After doing some thorough research, I have come to the conclusion that it is almost impossible to accurately define ethics.

In my pursuit for an answer, I turned to The New Merriam-Webster Dictionary which defines ethics as, “a discipline dealing with good and evil and with moral duty.” I am unsatisfied with this definition as it clearly leaves room for personal interpretation. Adolescence , Best Friends , Ethics 1542 Words | 4 Pages. How to write a bad news letter Reporting negative news sometimes is palsy study child, unavoidable in the business world. Here's . how to shape a bad news letter to get good results. Theme Analysis Thesis Statement. No news is good news , the old saying goes.

But sometimes bad news is unavoidable. Rather than blurt it out in the first paragraph, which is cerebral study, likely to essay doctrine anger the cerebral case child, reader and prevent an objective reading of the rest of analysis essay thesis, your letter, break up your bad news into chunks. With a strategy for each paragraph, follow these basic steps to make. Academy Award for Best Actress , Debut albums , English-language films 779 Words | 3 Pages. ?Erin Sweeney FYO Final Paper November 17, 2014 How New is Digital Media? The term “digital media” describes the modern method . of palsy case study, global exposure and communication rather than the actual technologies themselves (such as the internet or mobile phones). Puzzle-based Learning Introduction To Critical Thinking And Problem Solving. When you look closely at the differences between “ new ” and “old” technologies, you will be surprised that it is a very short list.

Radio, television, telephone, and palsy case study child picture-taking technologies display images, words, and sounds in relatively the python, same. Digital media , Electronic media , GSM services 1925 Words | 7 Pages. ASSIGNMENT HOW ENTREPRENEURIAL AM I Subject Lecturer: Eric Hwang Tutorial Group: B01A Full Name Student Number Lau Cheuk Hin . 13620804S Word Count: 1179 words Reflections from Self-Assessment Questionnaire For the answer that am I entrepreneurial, to complete the questionnaire would give a basic picture that which type of myself I belongs to. Case. Questionnaire divided into theme statement few parts and focus on different traits. Palsy Case Study. For part one, which is focus on entrepreneurial attributes and also test how likely want. Business , Entrepreneur , Entrepreneurship 1310 Words | 5 Pages. Computer Software Engineer V Salary in different locations: City | Median Salary | Average Home Cost | Other Contributing Factors | San Jose, CA | . $142,266 | $681k | Almost in python homework the heart of the silicon valley, computer central of the world | New York City, NY | $137, 207 | $375k | Capital of the world, jobs are everywhere, also much media and stuff goes on | Carmel-by-the-Sea, CA | $130,375 | $1,245k | Very calm, peaceful place, right next to the sea | Austerlitz, NY | $122,968 | $395k. Debt , Fixed rate mortgage , Household income in the United States 1305 Words | 7 Pages. ASSIGNMNET My favourite sitcom is “ How I met your mother “ . It is an American show which was first premiered on CBS in 2005 , . the story revolves around the protagonist of the cerebral palsy study child, show Ted Mosby and his group of friends . In the year 2030 , Ted recites to his children the events which led him to meeting their mother(Milioti) and hence the python assignments, name of the study child, show is quite apt . Ted Mosby is an architect in theme analysis thesis statement New York City , the narrative deals with his best friends , including the news anchor Robin Scherbatsky . Barney Stinson , Comedy , How I Met Your Mother 988 Words | 3 Pages. How the World Will Look Like in the Next 50 Years.

How the World will look like in the next 50 years People have always been intrigued of what the future will look like. The . answers are quite simple and here you have them for the next 50 years . How can we know what the study child, future will look like? To be able to understand the future, you must know the past. What has taken us to where we are today and what has changed along the way. The world has changed a lot in the last 150 years , but we humans are driven by the same basic needs as we were 150 years.

Future , Futurology , Poverty 944 Words | 3 Pages. Get started on the assignment by print dublin watching the Should I Buy New Equipment Now? video on the link below then answer the following . questions. http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/esm/chet_cleaves_cbsm9e_12/tools/RealWorldCase_before.htm The engraving department uses an child, aging rotary engraver to engrave plaques and trophies. The machine has been reliable, but requires regular maintenance and periodic replacement of parts. Charlie has just found out that this engraver will no longer be supported by introduction thinking mathematics and problem the manufacturer. Business Decision Mapping , Decision making , Engraving 732 Words | 3 Pages. Family Traditions I had to write about an important family tradition. definition of family has changed.

We are dealing with new definitions and cerebral palsy case child characterizations of the idea of family. Introduction To Critical Thinking Solving. Some of us have traditional . Cerebral Palsy Study. families. Some families have divorced, single, and/or remarried parents, creating a rather confusing family tree. Analysis Essay Thesis. Some people choose to live their lives alone, but may still be close enough to some friends to palsy study consider them family. Thesis Dublin. Whatever the circumstances, many of us honestly dont know how to celebrate together.

We may even see the word tradition as something. Adamantium , Family , Living room 860 Words | 3 Pages. How to Market a Brand New Product. How to Market a Brand New Product What the Snuggie, the cerebral case child, Roomba, and other innovative products can teach you about turning an learning to critical thinking mathematics and problem, . unknown name and product into a consumer success. Cerebral Case Study. hen TV commercials for the Snuggie launched in October of theme, 2008, they were difficult to take seriously. Cerebral Palsy Case Study Child. For anyone with an puzzle-based to critical and problem solving, extra sweatshirt in their closet, a lounging woman's debate between keeping her arms warm and cerebral palsy study child completing simple tasks like answering the phone or knitting was hardly inspiration to direct-order a $20. Consumer , Customer service , Domestic robot 1667 Words | 6 Pages. I can still remember it as if it happened yesterday.

I must have been seven or eight years old when I . rode my first bicycle, and literary essay thesis statement the day I learned to ride my bike is very memorable to me. Learning how to ride a bicycle can be exciting as well as painful. But I found it really exciting indeed. I was starting to realize that all of the other kids where riding two-wheelers, and I was the only one still riding a small bike with those ridiculous training wheels. I felt that it was time for cerebral case, me to make. 2008 singles , Bicycle , English-language films 984 Words | 3 Pages.

still read by millions each year . William Shakespeare is to goa, a famous writer and a lot of his work is palsy child, still around today. I believe . that Hamlet is his best piece. It is written in Old English, which is hard to understand because it is very different from and bind, how we speak and cerebral palsy study child write today. The Old English style of writing makes it more authentic in the sense that you can take the words from the analysis essay thesis statement, play and cerebral palsy case child relate it to the current time period to have a better understanding. Although I read Hamlet in my English. Characters in and bind Hamlet , Derek Jacobi , Gertrude 1188 Words | 4 Pages. twentysomethings who use the palsy study child, word “ridiculous” in nonpejorative contexts. I guessed aloud, “So, like, if I buy a pair of shoes, . then you’ll try to sell me socks?” The affinity marketer smiled and said: “Or maybe something bigger, like flooring. You buy a pair of shoes, I sell you reclaimed hardwood flooring.” O, bohemia!

There are several ways to react to a culture quake. You can meet it with befuddlement, perhaps wondering how flappers handled the trip to goa, thorny intersection between dancing in fountains. Brooklyn , Shaving , Williamsburg, Brooklyn 1975 Words | 6 Pages. Chinese New Year - Spring Festival Chinese New Year (Chinese: ??, ??, Chunjie; ????, ????, Nongli . Xinnian; or ??, ??, Guonian), also known as the Lunar New Year or the palsy, Spring Festival is the most important of the traditional Chinese holidays. It consists of dublin, a period of celebrations, starting on case study New Year's Day, celebrated on the first day of the first month of the Chinese calendar, i.e. the day of the second new moon after the day on development which the winter solstice occurs, unless there is an intercalary.

Chinese calendar , Chinese New Year , Fireworks 1888 Words | 5 Pages. ow I Met Your Mother (often abbreviated to case study HIMYM) is an American sitcom that premiered on essay CBS on September 19, 2005. The 2013–14 season is the . show's ninth and final season.[1] The series follows the main character, Ted Mosby, and his group of friends in Manhattan. As a framing device, Ted, in the year 2030, recounts to his son and daughter the events that led to his meeting their mother. The show was created by palsy case child Craig Thomas and Carter Bays, who also serve as the thesis and bind dublin, show's executive producers and frequent. Barney Stinson , Craig Thomas , Episode 1654 Words | 4 Pages. ‘ How Sustainable Am I ’ Sustainable Development is palsy child, a hot topic these days and sustainable related change is all around us. . Many people struggle though with the question on how can I make a change to improve the health of our planet? Our society is clearly in essay trip a new state of thinking with respect to the important topic of sustainability and I like to believe that I'm playing my role, but how sustainable am I really? In order to answer that question it obviously is crucial to first clearly define.

Brundtland Commission , Carbon dioxide , Ecological footprint 1158 Words | 4 Pages. ?General Topic: How to Bake Specific Topic: How to bake Pumpkin Lust Cake Specific Purpose: At the end of my speech . I want my audience to be able to recite the main ingredients and steps of making Pumpkin Lust cake. Central Idea: Baking is a time for family gatherings, a time to share memories with your children or grandchildren and a time be creative and cerebral palsy case study child explore your senses and taste buds. 1. Introduction 1. I have been baking and cooking for thesis print dublin, years , as a child, with my own family, for. Baking , Barbecue , Cooking 1231 Words | 4 Pages. ones that you give value that sometimes contribute to your stress.

There are lots of stressors and problems to palsy child mention and there’s something always comes in . to our mind “ how can we manage it?” “ How can I manage stress? Stress is theme, a normal and expected part of cerebral case study child, our lives, but it’s not a part we always know how to deal with. We learn how to handle stressful situations by watching our parents and doctrine peers as we grow up. If we didn’t have positive coping modeled for palsy child, us, it may make it harder to essay trip handle even. Chronic stress , Coping skill , Emotion 1299 Words | 3 Pages.

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Cerebral Palsy Case Study Assignment

45 Quick Changes That Help Your Resume Get Noticed. The Muse Editor. Cerebral Palsy Study? There is certainly a time and python homework a place for a resume overhaul. Taking a couple hours to case child really clean up your resume is worth doing before you start a job search, or even just once a year as a tune-up. But sometimes, you don’t have that kind of literary analysis thesis time.

Sometimes, you just have a few minutes, and you want to spend them giving your resume a quick polishing-up. And for those times, we made you this list of resume updates that only take a few minutes, but that can make a big difference in making your resume shine. Choose how much time you have, pick a (mini) project, and child get ready for thesis print and bind, your resume to be that much more eye-catching. Ready, switch the cerebral font of learning thinking your resume to Helvetica, Arial, or Times New Roman—in other words, make sure it’s not hard to read (or stuck in Word’s standard Calibri). Cerebral Palsy Case? Using a common, clean font may not make your resume the prettiest out there, but it will make it more readable (and less likely to be rejected by applicant tracking systems). 2. Remove “References Available Upon Request” If they want references, they’ll ask for them!), and use the extra space to add a detail about your abilities or accomplishments.

That boring boilerplate “I am a hard working professional who wants to theme thesis work in cerebral case [blank] industry” is doctrine a bit obvious—why else would you be submitting your resume?—and takes up valuable space. Save your resume as a PDF if it’s in any other format. That way, the formatting won’t get messed up when your resume is opened on a different computer. (To see exceptions to case study this rule, click here.) Change the file name from “Resume” to “[First Name] [Last Name] Resume”—it makes things easier for hiring managers and ensures your resume doesn’t get lost in the crowd. If you’re not local, recruiters might not look any further.

If you are, recruiters may take your commute time into assignments account and turn you down if they think it would be too long. Palsy Child? In its place, add a link to your LinkedIn profile, as well as any other relevant social media handles (Twitter if it’s professional, Instagram or Flickr if you’re applying to literary analysis social media or creative positions). Caveat: Never include Facebook, no matter how clean you keep it. Cerebral Case Study Child? Don’t want to drop your whole ugly LinkedIn URL onto your resume? (Hint: You shouldn’t.) Create a custom URL to your public profile using simply /yourname (or some similar, simple variation if somebody already has your name). LinkedIn has instructions on its website.

Your resume is most likely going to be read on a computer, so making things like your email address, LinkedIn and other social profiles, and personal websites clickable makes it easier for the recruiter to learn more about and bind you. Palsy Study? Omit any references to your birthdate, marital status, or religion. Since it’s illegal for employers to theme essay statement consider this when looking at your application (at least in cerebral case study child the U.S.), they can’t request it (and offering it makes you look a little clueless). If you’re more than three years out of college, remove your graduation year. Recruiters only essay trip to goa really want to know that you got a degree, and you don't want them to inadvertently discriminate based on your age. While you’re at it, do a little rearranging, and cerebral palsy study child move education down below your experience. Unless you’re a recent graduate, chances are your last one or two jobs are more important and relevant to assignments you getting the cerebral case study child job. To improve readability, increase the line spacing (also called leading) to at least 120% of the font size. To do this in homework assignments Word, go to Format and select Paragraph. Case? In the theme essay pulldown under Line Spacing, choose Exactly and set the spacing to two points above the size of cerebral case your font (so, 12 if your font is 10 point).

Need a little more space to newman development doctrine work with? Reduce your top and bottom margins to palsy child 0.5 and print dublin your side margins to no less than 0.75. This will keep your resume clean and readable but give you more room to talk about what you've got. Remove anything high school-related unless you’re a year out of college or need to bulk up your resume and did something highly relevant (and awesome) during your high school years. Add any new skills you’ve gained, and remove anything that is a little dated (nobody wants to hear that you have Microsoft Word experience anymore—they expect it). Cerebral Palsy Case Study Child? If you have lots of skills related to a position—say, foreign language, software, and leadership skills—try breaking out one of those sections and listing it on its own (“Language Skills” or “Software Skills”). Essay Thesis? Make sure formatting is consistent across your resume.

You want all headers to be in cerebral study child the same style, all indentations to line up, all bullet points to match, and the like. You don’t want the styling to thesis print and bind dublin look sloppy! Find any acronyms, and write out the full name of the title, certification, or organization. You should include both, at cerebral palsy, least the first time, to puzzle-based to critical thinking mathematics make sure the child recruiter knows what you’re talking about and so an applicant tracking system will pick it up no matter which format it is looking for. For example: Certified Public Accountant (CPA). Unless you are a designer or are submitting a (carefully crafted) creative resume, remove any photos or visual elements. On a more traditional resume, they generally just distract from the information at hand (and can confuse applicant tracking systems). If you have gaps of a few months in your work history, swap out the usual start and end dates for each position with years only (e.g., 2010-2012).

Swap out theme essay statement a couple of your boring verbs for some more powerful (and interesting) ones. Check out case study child our list if you need inspiration. Swap out learning introduction to critical thinking and problem a couple of generic adjectives or titles (words like “detail-oriented” or “experienced” are overused and don’t tell a recruiter much) with stronger language that better describes your more unique strengths. 24. Cerebral Palsy Study Child? List Your Promotions Correctly.

Worked multiple jobs within the analysis thesis statement same organization? Learn how to list them right on cerebral palsy case study child, your resume, then update it as such. As a rule, you should only show the most recent 10 to analysis 15 years of your career history and only include the experience relevant to the positions to which you are applying. So if you have anything really dated or random, remove it and use the cerebral palsy study child space to bulk up other sections or add something more relevant. Go through line by line and take note of any orphan words (single words left on a line by themselves). See how you can edit the essay previous line so they can fit—making your resume look cleaner and opening up extra lines for you to do other things with. Make your document easier to skim by adding divider lines between sections. Check out section three of this great guide for instructions. Include any numbers on your resume? Go through and case child change them all to numerical form, instead of written out (i.e., 30% instead of puzzle-based learning introduction to critical mathematics and problem thirty percent). Even small numbers that are often spelled out should be written numerically—it makes them pop to the reviewer and cerebral study saves space.

This will not only help you catch any spelling or grammar errors, but it will also help you notice any sentences that sound awkward or that are hard to understand. Python? Look at your resume “above the child fold.” In other words, take a close look at the top third of your resume—the part that will show up on the screen when the hiring manager clicks “open” on that PDF. That’s what’s going to make your first impression—so make sure it serves as a hook that makes the hiring manager eager to read more. Make sure you have no more than six to seven bullet points for any given position. If you do?

Cut and condense. No matter how long you’ve been in a job or how good your bullets are, the recruiter just isn’t going to get through them. Give your resume to someone who doesn’t know you well to look at for 30 seconds. Analysis Essay Thesis Statement? Then ask: What are the three most memorable things? What’s the narrative? Take this feedback and think about cerebral case study how you can adjust your resume to get it closer to where you want. Similarly, drop your resume into a word cloud generator and see which keywords are popping out. If the newman development doctrine most prominent ones aren’t what you want to be remembered by, or if there are important words that aren’t present, think about how you can tweak your resume to make that more clear. Go through your bullet points, and add as many numbers and cerebral palsy child percentages as you can to quantify your work. How many people were impacted?

By what percentage did you exceed your goals? (And, yes, it’s OK to estimate as long as you can roughly prove it.) Pick a few statements to take one step further, and newman essay development add in what the benefit was to your boss or your company. By doing this, you clearly communicate not only what you’re capable of, but also the direct benefit the employer will receive by hiring you. 36. Study Child? Consider Adding a Qualifications Section. Learning To Critical And Problem? Perhaps in lieu of child your now-deleted “Career Objective?” This should be a six-sentence (or bullet pointed) section that concisely presents the creme of the crop of your achievements, major skills, and important experiences. Python Assignments? By doing this, you’re both appeasing any applicant tracking systems with keywords and giving the hiring manager the study juicy, important bits right at the top.

37. Update Your Header to Make it Pop. You don’t have to have a ton of design knowledge to make a header that looks sleek and catches a recruiter’s eye. Homework Assignments? (Hint: Use this same header on case, your resume and cover letter to make your “personal brand” look really put together.) Need to essay fill up more space on your resume, or feel like you’re light on cerebral palsy, the experience? There’s no law that says you can only newman development put full-time or paid work on your resume. Cerebral? So, if you’ve participated in thesis a major volunteer role, worked part-time, freelanced, or blogged? Add a couple of these things as their own “jobs” within your career chronology.

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Corporate Social Responsibility: Strategic Implications. School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University Search for more papers by this author. Donald S. Siegel, Department of Economics, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 3506 Russell Sage Laboratory, 110, 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA (sieged@rpi.edu). abstract We describe a variety of perspectives on corporate social responsibility (CSR), which we use to develop a framework for consideration of the strategic implications of CSR. Palsy Case Study Child? Based on this framework, we propose an agenda for additional theoretical and empirical research on essay CSR. Palsy Case Study Child? We then review the papers in this special issue and relate them to the proposed agenda. In recent years, scholars and python homework assignments, managers have devoted greater attention to the strategic implications of corporate social responsibility (CSR).

Consistent with McWilliams and Siegel (2001), we define CSR as situations where the firm goes beyond compliance and engages in actions that appear to further some social good, beyond the case study, interests of the newman essay, firm and that which is required by law’. However, this is just one interpretation of CSR. Numerous definitions of cerebral, CSR have been proposed and often no clear definition is given, making theoretical development and measurement difficult. CSR activities have been posited to include incorporating social characteristics or features into products and manufacturing processes (e.g. Essay Statement? aerosol products with no fluorocarbons or using environmentally-friendly technologies), adopting progressive human resource management practices (e.g. Cerebral Case Study? promoting employee empowerment), achieving higher levels of environmental performance through recycling and pollution abatement (e.g. adopting an aggressive stance towards reducing emissions), and advancing the essay trip to goa, goals of community organizations (e.g. working closely with groups such as United Way). [1] Researchers are moving beyond just defining and identifying CSR activities, to examine the strategic role of CSR in organizations. Similarly, there is growing interest among managers in the antecedents and consequences of CSR, especially for executives at multi-national, multi-divisional companies. These corporate leaders are mindful of the fact that business norms and standards, regulatory frameworks, and stakeholder demand for CSR can vary substantially across nations, regions, and lines of palsy, business. They are also aware that their divisional managers are under constant pressure from employees, suppliers, community groups, NGOs, and government to increase their involvement in analysis thesis statement CSR. Unfortunately for both academicians and practitioners, the analysis of CSR is palsy case still embryonic, and thus theoretical frameworks, measurement, and empirical methods have not yet been resolved.

Furthermore, this topic cannot be analysed through the lens of essay trip, a single disciplinary perspective. Thus, it appears that CSR is fertile ground for theory development and empirical analysis such as takes place in the Journal of Management Studies . The purpose of this special issue is to further the case study, CSR research agenda by bringing together multiple perspectives. After issuing an open call for papers on the Academy of Management website and other venues, we received 32 manuscripts. We reviewed these papers and selected several for presentation at a Special Issue Workshop at the University of homework, Illinois at Chicago. [2] Among the authors and discussants at cerebral palsy study, the workshop were scholars from analysis essay thesis statement, several academic disciplines (management, political science, accounting, marketing, and cerebral palsy, economics), many international contributors, and a high proportion of junior scholars. The papers presented at the workshop were critiqued by reviewers and participants and then reviewed again after the workshop. From these revised manuscripts, we selected the five best for publication in the special issue. Several themes emerged from these studies: the relation between CSR and competitive advantage, the role of differences in institutional environments in framing stakeholder expectations regarding the propensity of firms to print and bind dublin, engage in CSR, a comparison of the social desirability of the strategic use of palsy case study child, CSR versus coerced’ CSR, the role of economic, philosophical, and global corporate citizenship perspectives on literary essay thesis statement CSR, and the evolution and influence of the cerebral palsy study child, academic literature on thesis CSR. The remainder of this paper is case child organized as follows. In the next section, we discuss a variety of theories that shed light on the strategic implications of CSR.

Following that, we outline an agenda for theoretical and empirical research on the strategic implications of CSR. We conclude with a brief review of each study in theme essay thesis the special issue and its importance to our proposed research agenda. Numerous theories have been brought to bear on the subject of CSR. We summarize selected articles on theoretical perspectives in Table I. Theodore Levitt could be credited with setting the agenda for the debate about the social responsibility of palsy, business in his Harvard Business Review article The Dangers of Social Responsibility’, in which he cautions that government's job is homework assignments not business, and business's job is not government’ (1958, p. 47). Milton Friedman (1970) expressed the same sentiment and palsy case study, added that the mere existence of CSR was a signal of an agency problem within the puzzle-based introduction thinking solving, firm. An agency theory perspective implies that CSR is a misuse of corporate resources that would be better spent on valued-added internal projects or returned to shareholders. It also suggests that CSR is an executive perk, in the sense that managers use CSR to advance their careers or other personal agendas. R. Edward Freeman (1984), building on Chester Barnard's (1938) inducement-contribution’ framework, presented a more positive view of managers’ support of CSR. Freeman's stakeholder theory asserts that managers must satisfy a variety of constituents (e.g. workers, customers, suppliers, local community organizations) who can influence firm outcomes. According to this view, it is not sufficient for managers to focus exclusively on the needs of stockholders, or the cerebral palsy study, owners of the corporation. Stakeholder theory implies that it can be beneficial for the firm to engage in certain CSR activities that non-financial stakeholders perceive to essay, be important, because, absent this, these groups might withdraw their support for the firm.

Stakeholder theory was expanded by Donaldson and Preston (1995) who stressed the moral and ethical dimensions of CSR, as well as the cerebral palsy study child, business case for engaging in such activity. Another perspective, stewardship theory (Donaldson and Davis, 1991) is based on the idea that there is a moral imperative for managers to python homework, do the right thing’, without regard to how such decisions affect firm financial performance. Institutional theory and classical economic theory have also been applied to CSR in a paper by cerebral study child, Jones (1995). The author concludes that companies involved in repeated transactions with stakeholders on the basis of trust and cooperation are motivated to be honest, trustworthy, and ethical because the returns to analysis essay thesis statement, such behaviour are high. Institutional approaches have also been used to analyse environmental social responsibility. Palsy? More specifically, Jennings and Zandbergen (1995) analyse the essay thesis statement, role of institutions in shaping the case study, consensus within a firm regarding the establishment of an ecologically sustainable’ organization. Finally, a recent paper by analysis essay thesis statement, Waldman et al. (2004) applies strategic leadership theory to CSR. These authors conjecture that certain aspects of transformational leadership will be positively correlated with the propensity of firms to engage in CSR and that these leaders will employ CSR activities strategically.

To the extent that firms engage in CSR strategically, this behaviour can be examined through the lens of the resource-based-view-of-the-firm (RBV). Palsy Case? RBV, as introduced by Wernerfelt (1984) and refined by Barney (1991), borrows heavily from earlier research by Penrose (1959). [3] This theory presumes that firms are bundles of heterogeneous resources and capabilities that are imperfectly mobile across firms. Barney (1991) maintains that if these resources and capabilities are valuable, rare, inimitable and non-substitutable, they can constitute a source of sustainable competitive advantage. The first theoretical paper to apply the newman essay development doctrine, RBV framework to corporate social responsibility was Hart (1995), who focused exclusively on environmental social responsibility. Hart asserted that, for certain types of firms, environmental social responsibility can constitute a resource or capability that leads to a sustained competitive advantage.

Russo and cerebral palsy study child, Fouts (1997) tested this theory empirically using firm-level data on environmental and accounting profitability and found that firms with higher levels of environmental performance had superior financial performance, which they interpreted to be consistent with the print, RBV theory. Using the RBV framework, a more formal theory-of-the-firm model of profit-maximizing’ CSR was posited in McWilliams and cerebral child, Siegel (2001). These authors outlined a simple model in which two companies produce identical products, except that one firm adds an additional social’ attribute or feature to the product, which is valued by some consumers or, potentially, by other stakeholders. In this model, managers conduct a cost/benefit analysis to determine the level of resources to devote to CSR activities/attributes. That is, they assess the thesis print, demand for CSR and also evaluate the cerebral case study, cost of satisfying this demand. The theory of the firm perspective on CSR has several strategic implications. The first is that CSR can be an integral element of a firm's business and corporate-level differentiation strategies. Therefore, it should be considered as a form of strategic investment. Even when it is not directly tied to a product feature or production process, CSR can be viewed as a form of reputation building or maintenance. A second strategic implication of a theory of the firm perspective is that one can apply the RBV logic to newman development, CSR, in the sense that it is possible to generate a set of palsy, predictions regarding patterns of investment in CSR across firms and industries.

For example, we expect to observe a positive correlation between CSR and both RD and advertising (McWilliams and Siegel, 2000), an assertion that we will explain below. Expanding on this theory of the firm perspective, we can shed further light on the strategic implications of CSR. In particular, we wish to focus on issues relating to industry evolution, market structure, firm dynamics, and the role of asymmetric information in the context of CSR. We first note that in analysis essay thesis statement the context of using CSR to differentiate products, it is palsy study child important to newman development, distinguish between two types of product differentiation. The first is vertical differentiation which occurs when most consumers prefer one product to another. Other things being equal, most consumers prefer a more fuel-efficient vehicle. Cerebral Child? In the context of CSR, such a situation could occur when it is trip clear in the mind of consumers that the product with a CSR characteristic is better than the cerebral child, product without such a characteristic.

For example, a hybrid’ version of a Honda Accord generates less pollution than a standard Honda Accord. Thus, it is clear to most consumers that the hybrid car is better than the standard model. Some consumers are willing to pay a price premium for the hybrid car, given that the social characteristic of less pollution is valuable’ to them. This type of differentiation can strengthen or maintain the reputation of the puzzle-based learning thinking mathematics, firm which adds value in addition to allowing the firm to meet a particular market demand (Fombrun and Shanley, 1990). In contrast, horizontal differentiation occurs when only some consumers prefer a particular product, but the preference is cerebral palsy child based on taste, rather than quality. For example, some consumers choose a particular vehicle because of the colour. This type of differentiation does not contribute to the reputation of the firm and does not allow the firm to homework, charge a premium price. Horizontal differentiation also operates for different brands. For example, some consumers prefer Coke to Pepsi, while others have the opposite view. In contrast to the ease of valuing CSR attributes, consumers often find it difficult to determine if a firm's internal operations meet their moral and political standards for social responsibility.

The level of cerebral palsy case, asymmetric information regarding internal operations can be mediated by the firm itself or by activists. For instance, companies such as McDonalds, Motorola, and Nike publish annual reports on thesis print social responsibility. Cerebral Palsy Study Child? One can view this activity as a form of advertising, especially for theme thesis, more general types of CSR. While such reports may be useful, some consumers perceive this information as biased, since it is filtered through senior management. Fedderson and cerebral palsy case, Gilligan (2001) assert that activists can play an important role in addressing this concern, by thesis print, supplying consumers with information they can rely on to choose socially responsible firms. The relationship between CSR and case, advertising is an interesting one, which bears further reflection. Several stylized facts relating to industry evolution and print and bind, the nature of advertising are useful to case child, consider. The first is that we expect levels of investment in CSR to analysis, be higher for established firms in more mature industries, since the cerebral palsy study, extent of production differentiation will be greater in such sectors and consumers will, in general, have more sophisticated tastes and knowledge regarding products and firms. It is to critical and problem solving clear that such companies are likely to derive greater benefits from the palsy case study, use of CSR for reputation enhancement/protection. Analysis Thesis? A second point is that if some forms of CSR do indeed constitute advertising, then it is important to cerebral palsy study, distinguish between persuasive CSR advertising and informative CSR advertising. Persuasive CSR advertising attempts to positively influence consumer tastes for analysis essay thesis, products with CSR attributes.

It follows that this type of advertising need not be firm-specific. Informative CSR advertising merely provides information about the CSR characteristics or CSR managerial practices of the firm. Following Milgrom and cerebral palsy case child, Roberts (1986), one could also view a high level of CSR advertising (either persuasive on informative CSR advertising) as a signal of product or firm quality. Another critical issue concerns the nature of the market structure of the firm's industry. A key conclusion of the McWilliams and analysis essay statement, Siegel (2001) paper was that, in equilibrium, firms that engage in CSR will earn the cerebral study, same rate of profit as firms that do not engage in homework assignments CSR.

We refer to palsy, this finding as the neutrality result. This finding was misinterpreted by thesis dublin, Piga (2002) as implying that CSR can only occur in monopolistically competitive industries, since some oligopoly models of vertically differentiated markets predict that (in equilibrium) firms selling the higher quality product (in our case, the firm that sells a good with a CSR characteristic) reap abnormal’ profits. A monopolistically competitive industry consists of numerous firms, some product differentiation, and cerebral palsy case child, relative free entry. Some examples of such sectors are restaurants and retail establishments. On the other hand, oligopolies are characterized by theme essay thesis, a consolidated industry structure, considerable entry barriers, and substantial product differentiation (e.g. Palsy Study Child? autos, computers). We believe that the puzzle-based learning introduction thinking solving, neutrality result holds under both oligopoly and cerebral palsy case study child, monopolistic competition. This is implied for monopolistic competition because sectors with such a structure are characterized by analysis essay thesis statement, both horizontal and cerebral study, vertical differentiation, a fragmented industry structure, and very low entry barriers. Under this scenario, it is impossible for firms to use CSR to outperform rivals. Essay Trip? Examples of firms in monopolistically competitive industries that engage in case child CSR include restaurants, hotels, companies selling organic produce, and essay trip, different types of retail establishments. The neutrality result likely holds for monopolistic markets as well.

That is because, while some oligopoly models predict that firms producing a higher quality product earn abnormal’ returns, these findings hinge on the assumption that costs are constant and independent of quality. These assumptions were not invoked in palsy study child the McWilliams and Siegel (2001) model. Furthermore, recent economic models of CSR (Baron, 2001; Fedderson and statement, Gilligan, 2001) identify an important countervailing force on the ability of companies to engage in strategic CSR in oligopolistic industries: activists who target leading firms (e.g. the attack on Nike's Asian production). This countervailing force makes it difficult for oligopolistic firms to case child, achieve a competitive advantage through the strategic use of CSR. The question of whether firms can use CSR to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage is introduction thinking mathematics and problem another important question. A paper by cerebral palsy case study child, Reinhardt (1998) finds that a firm engaging in a CSR-based strategy can only generate an abnormal return if it can prevent competitors from imitating its strategy. In competitive markets this is unlikely, since CSR is highly transparent, with little causal ambiguity. Other theoretical studies (Dutta et al., 1995; Hoppe and trip, Lehmann-Grube, 2001) show that any early mover advantages that might be gained by offering higher quality products (recall that CSR is modelled as a quality improvement’ in McWilliams and Siegel, 2001) are eroded when competitive strategies are observable.

However, CSR may be used in the context of political strategies that result in regulatory barriers to case study child, imitation. One such strategy would be for firms to use government regulation to impose CSR on rivals who do not employ an appropriate technology, thus raising the costs of those rivals relative to theme thesis, the initiating firm. Marvel (1977) provided an cerebral case study child, example of this in the British textile industry in the early 1800s. The first child labour law was passed in Great Britain after the mill owners who employed modern technology banded together and lobbied for restrictions on child labour, which was used more by the older, smaller mills. McWilliams et al. (2002) applied the RBV framework to demonstrate how US firms can use political strategies based on CSR to raise regulatory barriers that prevent foreign competitors from using substitute (e.g. low labour cost) technology. This discussion focused primarily on understanding CSR from an applied perspective. However, it begins to analysis essay thesis, point to a broader and deeper set of research issues that have yet to be resolved. RESEARCH AGENDA ON THE STRATEGIC IMPLICATIONS OF CSR. There are numerous unresolved theoretical and empirical issues relating to palsy case study, the strategic implications of CSR.

These include defining CSR, identifying institutional differences in CSR across countries, determining the motivations for CSR, describing CSR strategies, modelling the effects of CSR on the firm and puzzle-based learning introduction to critical and problem, stakeholder groups, determining the effects of leadership and corporate culture on cerebral child CSR activity, assessing the effect of CSR on the firm and stakeholder groups, measuring the demand for CSR, measuring the costs of CSR and and bind dublin, assessing the palsy case, current knowledge base. Theoretical Issues To Be Resolved. As noted in our introduction, there is a no strong consensus on a definition for CSR. Essay? CSR has been used as a synonym for business ethics, defined as tantamount to corporate philanthropy, and considered strictly as relating to environmental policy. CSR has also been confused with corporate social performance and corporate citizenship. The lack of palsy case child, consistency in essay the use of the term CSR makes it difficult to compare results across studies, hampering our ability to understand the implications of CSR activity. Cerebral Case? As other issues are resolved, we hope that they lead to the emergence of an agreed-upon definition of CSR.

Having a good definition of CSR, with a common terminology, would aid us in modelling the role of organizational culture and leadership in determining the essay trip, importance of CSR within an organization. Researchers could analyse how changes in corporate control, particularly through merger or acquisition, affect the type and level of CSR activity within firms. Alternatively, changes in palsy case child top management (CEO or team) might be examined to determine whether leadership style and characteristics are more important than corporate control/culture for predicting CSR activity. Understanding the role of to critical thinking mathematics, leadership could be extended to understanding the palsy child, decision making process and how decisions about homework assignments CSR activity are affected by demands from multiple stakeholders. Asymmetric information makes it difficult to cerebral palsy, study the antecedents and consequences of CSR.

Managers may perceive that many external stakeholders view CSR activity more favourably if it is essay doctrine divorced from any discussion of the bottom line. With this in mind, managers may not reveal the more practical motivations (such as product promotion, labour cost control and reputation building) behind their CSR activities, especially in corporate publications such as annual reports. This lack of candid information has made it difficult to distinguish and discuss the different motivations for CSR, which may be private or social. The use of CSR to capture value is referred to as strategic CSR by Baron (2001) who points out that it is the motivation for the action that identifies socially, as opposed to privately, responsible action’. That is, if the motivation is to serve society, at the cost of profits, the action is socially responsible, but if the motivation is to serve the bottom line, then the action is privately responsible. Study? For privately responsible actions, there may well be social benefits that exceed the cost of the action to the firm. However, this does not change the motivation, unless these social benefits are of value to managers. For example, providing day care may lower the number of juvenile crimes in a community, but the firm might provide the day care only because it increases the availability of workers and lowers the cost of absenteeism. This is reminiscent of the consideration of positive externalities associated with innovative activity. An externality is defined as the impact of an economic agent's actions on the well-being of a bystander. Python? Pollution is palsy a classic example of a negative externality, while innovation (whose benefits cannot be entirely appropriated by its creator) is a classic example of a positive externality.

While the private returns to to critical and problem, innovation (or those that accrue to the company) may be high, the social returns to innovation (through the creation of new or improved products and cerebral palsy study child, processes) may be even greater. Researchers need to use more direct methods, such as interviews and surveys, to tease out’ less self-serving information about the motivations for theme thesis statement, CSR activity and improve the precision of case child, measurement of the private and social returns to CSR. In addition to understanding the motivation for literary analysis statement, the provision of case study, social benefits, we need to understand how the provision of these goods, through strategic CSR, affects society. An example of strategic CSR is when a firm links the provision of literary analysis thesis, a public good to the sale of their (private) products (e.g. eco-labelling). Bagnoli and Watts (2003) model this behaviour and find that the propensity of firms to engage in strategic CSR depends on two factors: the study child, intensity of competition in the market and the extent to print dublin, which consumers are willing to pay a premium for cerebral study child, social responsibility. The authors conclude that there is an inverse relation between intensity of newman, competition and provision of CSR. That is, in more competitive markets, less of the public good will be provided through strategic CSR. Conversely, in less competitive markets, more of the public good will be provided. This is easy to understand, since more competition results in lower margins and, therefore, less ability to case, provide additional (social) attributes or activity. Conversely, less competition leads to the potential for higher margins and more ability to provide additional attributes or activity.

An analysis of the provision of essay thesis, public goods by private firms is a welcome addition to the management literature on CSR, which has been primarily concerned with answering the following question: do firms do well by doing good’? Showing that a firm does well by cerebral case child, doing good is often referred to to critical thinking mathematics and problem, as making the business case for CSR. While understanding the palsy case study, relation between firm performance and social performance is of primary importance in the management literature, a more thorough understanding of the CSR phenomenon requires that we take account of other stakeholders as well. These stakeholders include: customers, employees, governments, suppliers, taxpayers, community groups, and underrepresented groups. Our understanding of newman essay doctrine, CSR should be extended to an examination of the strategic use of CSR activities. Fombrun and palsy child, Shanley (1990) established that investing in CSR attributes and print and bind, activities may be important elements of case child, product differentiation and reputation building. McWilliams and Siegel (2001) suggest that CSR activities be included in strategy formulation and that the trip to goa, level of resources devoted to CSR be determined through cost/benefit analysis. Analysis of the strategic implications of CSR is hampered by cross-country/cultural differences in the institutions that regulate market activity, including business, labour and social agencies. Institutional differences lead to different expectations and different returns to case child, activity.

For firms operating in multiple countries/cultures this complicates the process of determining which activities to assignments, engage in and how much to invest. As the knowledge base of CSR develops world-wide, we will be better able to analyse and advise on CSR. In summary, the CSR literature suffers from definitional questions that limit the future research. Distinguishing among strategic CSR, altruistic CSR, and even coerced CSR (e.g. Husted and De Jesus Salazar, 2006) constitutes a significant theoretical breakthrough. Palsy Case? However, until theory and research can adequately agree upon what, specifically, constitutes CSR, research will continue to provide a lack of consistent results.

It is to this empirical research that we next turn our attention. Problems with measurement of the homework assignments, costs and benefits of CSR activities continue to cloud our understanding of the strategic implications of palsy, CSR. A major impediment to empirical research is the continuing confusion over definition that we mentioned above. Homework? It is cerebral palsy child impossible to measure what we cannot define and, as long as we use different definitions, we will get empirical results that cannot reliably be compared. Introduction And Problem? Table II presents selected empirical studies of CSR. Most of these papers focus on palsy study the relation between CSR and essay trip to goa, firm performance. Early studies used either the event study methodology (which is based on palsy analysis of newman essay doctrine, short-run changes in stock prices as a proxy for firm performance in the aftermath of a CSR-related event) or regression analysis (which uses an accounting measure of profitability, such as return on assets, as the cerebral palsy case study, dependent variable in a regression model that explains’ firm performance). Newman Essay? These studies usually attempted to answer the palsy case, question: do firms do well by doing good? The reported results have ranged from showing a negative relation between CSR and firm performance, to essay trip, showing no relation, to showing a positive relation (e.g. the results of divesting from South Africa shown in Table II). There is little consistency in these findings.

This may be a result of inconsistency in defining CSR, inconsistency in defining firm performance, inconsistency in samples, imprecision and inconsistency in research design, misspecification of models, changes over time, or some more fundamental variance in case child the samples that are being analysed. McWilliams and Siegel (1997) critiqued the essay trip to goa, use of the event study methodology to measure the consequences of child, CSR. The authors reported that the findings of event studies of CSR appearing in top management journals were unreliable, due to serious flaws in the research design and implementation of the event study methodology (see also McWilliams et al., 1999). They also cautioned that the use of stock price as a metric for performance is not appropriate for studying CSR. That is because CSR is a firm level measure and python, many socially responsibility activities occur at the plant level or the product level. Cerebral Palsy Study Child? Another concern is that an analysis of stock price effects only relates to financial stakeholders and it is clear that non-financial stakeholders are also affected by CSR activities. McWilliams and Siegel (2000) challenged the conventional regression model used to assess the relationship between corporate social performance (CSP), which is often used as a synonym for CSR, and firm performance. They noted that the typical regression equation estimated was misspecified because it did not include two key variables: the level of RD spending and advertising expenditure. Both of these variables have been shown to thesis statement, be determinants of firm performance and, because all three (RD, advertising, and CSP) are elements of a differentiation strategy, they hypothesized that RD and advertising would be correlated with a measure of CSP. The results of McWilliams and Siegel's estimation of the correctly-specified, expanded equation demonstrated that the three explanatory variables were correlated. Thus, the model that excluded RD and advertising variables was misspecified.

Most notably, they showed that when RD and advertising were included in the model, CSP was not a significant determinant of firm performance, as had been reported in several widely-cited studies. Consistent with Baron's (2001) distinction between altruistic CSR and strategic CSR, Hillman and Keim (2001) conjecture that empirical tests of the relation between CSR and firm performance should disaggregate CSR activities into those that are strategic (stakeholder management) and those that are altruistic (social issue participation). Based on estimation of a disaggregated model, they report that there is a positive relation between firm performance (measured using market value added) and strategic CSR and cerebral palsy study, a negative relation between altruistic CSR and firm performance. McWilliams and homework, Siegel (2001) provide a framework for analysing CSR within the cerebral palsy case child, context of the essay thesis, theory of the cerebral palsy study child, firm. Based on this framework, they develop hypotheses regarding the provision of CSR attributes across industries and trip to goa, market structures. They hypothesize that the provision of CSR will depend on RD spending, advertising intensity, the extent of product differentiation, the percentage of government sales, consumer income, the cerebral palsy case study, tightness of the labour market, and the stage of the python assignments, industry life cycle’ (2001, p. 125). All of palsy study child, these should be tested empirically to see if the results support the hypotheses. McWilliams and Siegel conclude that there is some level of CSR that will maximize profits while satisfying the demand for learning to critical thinking mathematics solving, CSR from multiple stakeholders. Cerebral Palsy Case? The ideal level of CSR can be determined by cost-benefit analysis’ (2001, p. Essay Trip To Goa? 125). While costs of providing CSR attributes may be easy for managers to determine, consumer demand (benefit) may not be. Cerebral Palsy Case? Consumer demand for CSR could be difficult to measure because CSR attributes are among many attributes of a product.

For example, a particular shampoo may have the CSR attribute that it is not tested on newman animals’. But, it also has a particular scent, colour, consistency, and package. Cerebral Study? This makes it difficult to separate out the demand for the CSR attribute. A method for assessing how much consumers are willing to pay for a given product characteristic or feature is hedonic pricing. Hedonic pricing involves using data on actual purchases, in order to determine the implicit price’ of a particular attribute. For example, new homes have many attributes, one of development, which might be central air conditioning. Examining a large number of new home sales, with and without central air conditioning, but holding other attributes constant, it would be possible to determine how much consumers are willing to pay for the central air conditioning. Similarly, to cerebral palsy case child, determine the demand’ for not tested on animals’, researchers can compare sale data on many shampoos, with and without the CSR attribute and can determine how much consumers will pay for that attribute.

This information could then be used in a cost/benefit analysis of the CSR attribute. To illustrate, we return to the example of and bind, hybrid cars, which are highly fuel efficient. Given the high price of gasoline, it is cerebral study child clear that some consumers will be attracted to these automobiles because they want to save money on fuel. Others may choose to purchase a Honda hybrid, as opposed to GM hybrid, because Honda has a superior reputation for quality. Still others are willing to pay a price premium for the hybrid car, strictly because the social characteristic of less pollution is valuable’ to literary essay thesis statement, them. Cerebral Palsy Case Study? The beauty of the hedonic method is that it allows us tease out the print, value to the consumer of each of these three factors (fuel efficiency, quality differential, and the social characteristic of less pollution). The hedonic method is based on the notion that the (logarithm of the) price of a good or service is related to its characteristics or features as follows: where #x25b; is a random error term and Z is a vector of k characteristics or attributes. These attributes are typically sources of private satisfaction, such as the speed of a computer or the study, horsepower of an auto engine. The researcher typically estimates a regression, in order to determine the values of the β coefficients.

The β coefficients provide estimates of how much customers are willing to pay for a given attribute. Some characteristics may also have social dimensions, such as aerosol products with no fluorocarbons or environmentally-friendly lighting. A major advantage of hedonics, relative to other methods (e.g. focus groups), is that it is newman development based on observed, not hypothetical data. Hedonics have been used by government agencies and other researchers to price’ individual attributes of cerebral palsy case, computers, autos, housing, land, and dowries. They are also increasingly being used for more abstract non-market environmental goods’, such as views, clean air, and open space. These estimates can have important managerial and policy implications, since they help managers estimate demand for social characteristics and can also be used in national price/cost of living statistics.

The theoretical and empirical issues discussed above provide an important foundation for understanding the contributions of the articles in this special issue. These papers shed light on the definitional issues that plague this research, and homework assignments, demonstrate, both theoretically and empirically, how making clear, specific definitions can result in deeper understanding and guide more rigorous research in CSR. The article by palsy study child, Alfie Marcus and Marc Anderson (2006) poses an interesting research question, especially in light of our previous discussion of the strategic implications of literary statement, CSR. The authors ask whether a firm's dynamic capability’ influences its competence in CSR. To address this question, they provide a novel and interesting application of the RBV framework to the case of CSR.

In the cerebral palsy case child, theoretical section of the literary statement, paper, the authors make two important points. The first is cerebral child that they distinguish between business and social competencies. They also consider a general dynamic capability’, a term coined by Ghemawat (2001), which describes such activities as enhancing the absorptive capacity of the firm, benchmarking, and experimentation. The authors examine their research question using a detailed firm-level survey in the US retail food industry. Thesis? Specifically, they surveyed 806 grocery stores/chains with operations in North America as of case, 1997. The results indicate that a general dynamic capability has a positive influence on a firm's competence in supply chain management, which is a key business competence in this industry. However, a general dynamic capability does not appear to have any influence on a firm's competence in environmental management, which is a key social’ competence in this industry. The authors conclude that their findings suggest that the factors driving competitive advantage are different than those that influence CSR. Jonathan Doh and introduction to critical mathematics, Terrence Guay (2006) assess the role of differences in the institutional environments of Europe and cerebral, the USA in explaining expectations regarding the propensity of firms to be socially responsible. As such, the paper is an theme analysis essay statement, interesting synthesis of neo-institutional and stakeholder theory. It is a qualitative analysis, consisting of three case studies.

Specifically, the authors assess the roles that US and European non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have played in influencing CSR policies in three areas: the trade and regulation of genetically-modified organisms (GMOs), pharmaceutical pricing and distribution policies, and international environmental agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol Treaty. The case studies reveal the role of institutional differences in these two regions in influencing government policy, corporate strategy and NGO activism related to cerebral palsy study, CSR. Specifically, the authors find that these factors play an important role in determining how CSR is perceived and implemented in the USA and Europe. A key implication of the Doh and Guay study is that any cross-country comparison of the propensity of firms to engage in CSR should take into account these institutional differences. In the python, next article, Bryan Husted and Jos de Jesus Salazar pose another interesting research question: is it better for cerebral palsy case child, firms to act strategically with respect to assignments, CSR than to be coerced into making such investments? More generally, the authors analyse the conditions under which firms can maximize profit and enhance social performance. As such, they take the cerebral, theory of the firm perspective on statement CSR seriously, since they conduct a cost/benefit analysis of social responsibility. This technique was proposed by McWilliams and child, Siegel (2001). Husted and De Jesus Salazar model this cost/benefit analysis under three scenarios concerning the firm's desire to engage in CSR: altruism, coerced egoism’, and the strategic use of CSR. Altruism describes the case when firms sincerely want to be socially responsible, without regard to essay to goa, how such activities affect the bottom line. Coerced egoism occurs when firms act in a socially responsible manner only when they are compelled by regulation (and other factors) to cerebral case study child, do so.

The strategic use of CSR is defined as instances where there are clear benefits to the firm for engaging in CSR. The authors employ standard microeconomic analysis to determine the optimal level of social output that results under each of these cases. They demonstrate that both society and firms are better off when firms use CSR strategically than when they are coerced into making such investments. This is puzzle-based mathematics and problem solving a conclusion that would make Adam Smith smile. In the palsy study, next paper, Duane Windsor (2006) examines different perspectives on CSR. As noted earlier, CSR is still an to goa, embryonic concept in the academic literature. Windsor's essay is cerebral case study child a tour-de-force on the evolution on three opposing perspectives on CSR: economic, philosophical, and global corporate citizenship. As he defines it, the print and bind, economic viewpoint focuses on the firm's ability to use CSR as a tool to create wealth, implies minimal government intervention to promote CSR, and advocates that the firm adopt prevailing business ethics. On the other hand, the philosophical perspective results in moral reflection on CSR and should lead to higher levels of CSR and palsy case study, other forms of altruism. He also notes that this view supports active government intervention to promote CSR, as well as policy initiatives that strengthen stakeholder rights.

The global corporate citizenship perspective seems to fall somewhere in between the economic and philosophical views, although this perspective can be used instrumentally to enhance market opportunities and the firm's moral reputation. Theme? The author concludes by discussing the implications of study child, each of these perspectives for CSR scholarship. This special issue concludes with an article by Andy Lockett, Jeremy Moon, and Wayne Visser (2006), which assesses the status of CSR research in the management literature. Essay Development Doctrine? Specifically, they assess the cerebral palsy case study, focus and nature of puzzle-based, CSR research and the use of the accumulated knowledge in management and related fields. The authors also attempt to determine the key intellectual influences on the field of CSR and whether CSR research has a dominant paradigm. Their empirical analysis is palsy case child based on data on CSR-related publications and citation analysis over literary analysis essay thesis statement the period 19922002.

The authors identified CSR-related articles in the following journals: Academy of Management Journal , Academy of Management Review , Administrative Science Quarterly , Journal of Management , Organization Science , Strategic Management Journal , Journal of Management Studies , Harvard Business Review , Sloan Management Review , and California Management Review . They analysed both the articles cited in these CSR-related papers and cerebral, the citations that CSR-related articles generated in other journals. They found that the field’ is in a continuing state of emergence’, a term coined by Thomas Kuhn (1962). That is, based on its overall profile in these leading management journals and the citations these articles generate, CSR lacks a dominant paradigm. This is an obvious call to action for concerned researchers. It is this state of emergence that we hope to advance with this special issue.

The papers here exemplify the variety of perspectives that have been brought to bear on CSR. Thesis Print Dublin? They also demonstrate an increasing ability to clearly define the construct of CSR (albeit not necessarily all agreeing on cerebral the definition) and build strong theoretical arguments and high-quality empirical studies that will provide an effective springboard for future research in CSR. We thank participants at the April 2004 University of Illinois at Chicago/International Centre for essay doctrine, Corporate Social Responsibility Workshop on Corporate Social Responsibility, Ann Buchholtz, Steve Floyd, Mark Shanley, and Mike Wright for their insightful comments on palsy study a previous version of this paper. The second author also gratefully acknowledges financial support from the puzzle-based learning to critical mathematics, School of Humanities and palsy, Social Sciences and the Lally School of Management and Technology at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. For the benefit of non-US readers, the United Way is a global network of non-profit, philanthropic organizations. In the USA, many employees (especially those working for and bind, large organizations) donate a small fraction of their salaries to United Way, which is case child then distributed to a specific charity (or charities) that is part of the network. The workshop was jointly sponsored by the College of essay to goa, Business Administration at the University of Illinois at Chicago and the International Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility (ICCSR) at cerebral case, the University of Nottingham in the United Kingdom. See Kor and Mahoney (2004), Lockett and Thompson (2004), and to goa, Rugman and cerebral, Verbeke (2004) for an excellent series of articles on Edith Penrose and puzzle-based mathematics and problem, the resource-based view of strategic management. Issue online: 10 January 2006 Version of record online: 10 January 2006.

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essay history write The following outline is palsy case study intended as to provide one example of analysis essay how to write an essay. Treat it as food for thought, as providing a set of suggestions some of which you might incorporate into your own method for writing essays. It is useful to begin by considering why essay-writing has long been the method of choice for assessment in history. Cerebral Palsy Case! The chief reason is thesis print and bind dublin that no other method provides as effective a means of testing a student's comprehension of a topic. We want you to show us that not only have you acquired a knowledge of the topic but also that you fully understand the topic and the issues raised by it. Essays test understanding by asking you to select and re-organise relevant material in order to cerebral study produce your own answer to the set question.

An undergraduate essay need not be particularly innovative in its approach and insights, but it must be the product of the essay development, student's own dialogue with the subject. Essays which do not answer the question can only be regarded as demonstrating some knowledge of the topic, they cannot be said to cerebral palsy case show understanding of the topic. Essays which plagiarise or merely reproduce what others have said do not even show knowledge of the topic. Plagiarism is thus not merely a matter of theft, it involves an entirely unacceptable subversion of the literary essay, learning process. 2. Is there a right and a wrong answer? History essays are less about finding the correct answer to the set question than they are about demonstrating that you understand the issues which it raises (and the texts which discuss these issues). With most historical problems (certainly the most interesting ones) it is seldom possible to arrive at palsy case child, a definitive answer. The evidence almost always permits a variety of homework solutions, and different approaches generate divergent conclusions. There are, however, limits to the field of possible solutions, since they must fit in with 'the evidence'.

Of course, exactly what constitutes 'the evidence' is almost invariably one of the issues under discussion among the historians who are most deeply engaged with the problem, but in general for each historical question there will be a body of study evidence which is recognised as being relevant to it. This body of evidence will typically comprise what the essay trip, primary sources tell us about the events and phenomena under discussion. A good answer will need to harmonise with all of this evidence, or explain why particular items have been dismissed as having no bearing on the problem. It follows from all of this that there certainly are wrong answers that is, answers which fall outside the field of possible solutions or which fail to take account of received evidence even though there is no 'absolutely right' answer. Essential steps: select a question; identify the subject of the palsy case child, question; what are you being asked to analysis essay statement do - that is, what kind of cerebral palsy case study information will you need to answer the question, and how will you have to treat it? Circling the puzzle-based learning to critical and problem, key words in the question is sometimes a helpful first step in working out exactly what you need to do. Cerebral Palsy Case Child! It is useful to note that there is usually a natural way of structuring your answer: that is, a way of essay organising an answer which follows naturally from the format of the question and which will put the fewest obstacles in the way of the reader: 'Explain' and 'why' questions demand a list of reasons or one big reason; each reason will have to be explained - that is, clarified, expounded, and illustrated.

'Assess', 'evaluate' and 'define-the-significance-of' questions require judgements supported by reasons, explanation and evidence. Case Child! You must show why your assessment is the best by considering its merits vis--vis alternative evaluations. It might be useful to define and defend the learning to critical mathematics and problem, criteria on which your judgement depends. That is, to cerebral case child explain why they are the best criteria for judging the historical phenomenon at issue. 'What-role-did-X-play-in-Y' questions imply a functionalist approach - that is, they require that you identify the function of some phenomenon, group or institution within some specific system. Thus, the subject of the question is the 'Y' rather than the 'X' element. Puzzle-based Introduction Thinking Mathematics Solving! That is, the question requires a discussion of the cerebral study, system as a whole and homework, the consideration of alternative explanations of palsy study child how 'X' worked within it. 'To-what-extent' questions involve a judgement of measure. One way of puzzle-based learning thinking mathematics solving answering the question would be set up a series of 'tests', as it were, that can be investigated in turn. This essay will examine five spheres which cast light on the extent of Jewish influence in high medieval France: namely, their role in the commercial life of the towns, the role of Jewish banking in study the agrarian economy, their influence on Christian intellectual life, .. [and so on]. The essay would need a conclusion in literary analysis thesis statement which you pulled together the case child, results of to critical mathematics and problem your test cases:

It has been seen that the Jews exerted a profound influence on the intellectual life of the universities but almost none on that of the established monastic orders.. 'Quote-and-discuss' questions require you to identify the issue at stake and to produce a reasoned response. You may respond, for example, by agreeing with the quotation in which case you will need to explain why agreement is the cerebral palsy study child, best response, why it would be wrong to disagree. You should consider the merits of a variety of responses. If possible you should always examine the book or article from which the quotation has been taken in print and bind dublin order to discover what its author meant by it, to discover how the author has understood the issues. 'Compare-and-contrast' questions demand the identification of similarities and differences. One method of tackling such an case study essay would be to distinguish five or six areas of similarity and learning thinking and problem solving, contrast, and to devote a section of the essay to cerebral case child each area - a section in which you would assess the degree of similarity and learning introduction to critical mathematics, reach a sub-conclusion. The conclusion would then require a summation of the various 'sub-conclusions'.

It needs to be stressed that none of these types of question calls for a narrative approach . You will never be asked to produce a narrative of what happened. Cerebral Case! In rare circumstances, a few sentences of narrative may form part of the evidence cited in support of thesis a point, but the case, essay as a whole should be organised according to a logical structure in which each paragraph functions as a premise in the argument. The analytical and expository voice will always prove more effective than the narrative mode of newman essay writing. The aim of cerebral palsy study your initial reading should be to identify an thesis argument which answers the cerebral palsy case, question - one which you find plausible and can carry through with conviction. And Bind Dublin! For this purpose, it will be useful to child read at least two or three items, including a recent book covering the general area in which the topic falls.

Articles in reference books such as an encyclopaedia can provide an overview, but they rarely provide adequate coverage of the homework, issues. Cerebral Palsy Child! Citing such works will undermine the credibility of your essay. Do not forget to make notes as you go. Making notes helps you to summarise arguments and ideas, to select points relevant to literary analysis essay statement your essay, to clarify and adjust your understanding of the essay question and of the topic it bears upon. But your main priority should be to discover an argument. Once you have come up with a working argument, you need to draw up a plan to guide the next stage of your research. It should comprise a list of the points which each paragraph will attempt to demonstrate, and rough notes on palsy case study child supporting examples. It may be useful to begin by thinking again what type of question you have chosen and by looking the natural way of learning introduction to critical mathematics and problem answering it.

In order to draw up a plan you will need to cerebral palsy case study evaluate its merits: What points will I need to make in order to sustain this argument? Are there alternative points of essay development doctrine view which will have to be considered and refuted in order to make this argument work? Do I have enough examples and evidence to support the points which are crucial to my argument? Do I need to know more about the examples I'm planning to use? Perhaps there is another way of looking at this piece of evidence which I'll have to mention or even refute? Having decided on case the line of argument you intend to use, and identified areas where you need more material, search the reading list and bibliographies of the texts you've been using for books and thesis and bind dublin, articles which will help you to solve these problems. Cerebral Palsy Case! Go and collect the information, making notes and adding notes to your plan as you go along. Development Doctrine! Do not forget to make careful bibliographical notes for every book and article you consult.

You will need this information when it comes to footnoting your essay. Inevitably, the previous stage will turn up things you hadn't thought of and books with better things to say about the palsy case child, topic. Do not panic. Theme Analysis Statement! Ask yourself: can your argument be saved with a few adjustments? Does the argument need to be re-constructed from scratch? If so, how can I recycle the information I've already begun to collect? Much will depend upon how confident you now feel about cerebral case study child your argument. Puzzle-based Learning Introduction And Problem Solving! Follow your instincts: if the argument feels wrong, look for a better one.

It is better to start again than to write an cerebral case study child essay that lacks conviction. If complete reconstruction is unavoidable, go back to '5. And Problem! Drawing up a Plan'. Having revised you argument (and plan), it's time to write your essay. If you've carried out steps one to five properly, it should be possible to write the first draft up in two or three hours. (a) Writing an case study child Introduction. An introduction should show how you intend to answer the question, by (1) indicating the analysis statement, line of argument you intend to take, by (2) giving an overview of the organisation of what follows, and by (3) indicating the sort of material or evidence you will be using. Cerebral! It is an effective strategy, especially when writing a short essay, to begin with a bold, attention-grabbing, first sentence which shows the marker that you know what you are doing: that is, answer the question as briefly as possible with your first sentence. The second sentence should then enlarge upon the argument indicated by the first.

(b) The body of the essay. Intelligent use of paragraphing is crucial to the success of an print essay. Often, it is best to organise the paragraphs so that each makes and defends a point or premise essential the argument of the essay. (By 'premise' is meant a point which is part of and essential to the argument of the essay.) It must be entirely clear how your points fit into the argument: essays which meander around the topic leaving the marker to join the cerebral palsy study child, dots to comprise an answer are not acceptable, since they fail to demonstrate understanding. It is a good idea to use 'topic sentences' to signal the subject and make explicit the point of each paragraph. These ought not to be too repetitive in form but should show how the paragraph fits into the argument of the essay as a whole. Essay Trip! The following topic sentences (here marked in red for clarity) would, for example, be appropriate as a way of introducing paragraphs that comprised a series of 'tests' in a 'to-what-extent' essay that called for an assessment of the effects of the Black Death on the development of medieval Europe. It is also possible to case assess the extent of the catastrophe by looking at trip, the level of demand for land in the major urban centres. In Genoa, for example, land prices fell sharply from a high in 1310 of. [several sentences of examples] . The dramatic fall in the prices of land within urban centres implies an child equally sharp fall in thesis print and bind the numbers of people wanting to live in cities and, thus also, a sudden decline in the actual number of people living there.

Notice how the cerebral palsy case child, point briefly introduced in the topic sentence is developed naturally by the second sentence of the paragraph. It is better to avoid trying the explain everything in a single sentence: clusters of sentences that flow from one to another are much more effective! Signposting your evidence will give the essay that all important sense of critical depth and originality: Seapower was a crucial to European expansion. This much is illustrated by the way in which Europe expanded between the tenth and sixteenth centuries. Essay! Southwards and eastwards expansion in the eastern Mediterranean was heavily dependent upon the availability of effective fleets of warships and trading vessels.

There were critical moments, such as in the late eleventh-century conquests of cerebral case study child Sicily and Sardinia, when. [and so on.] You need to give the print and bind dublin, marker a sense of where your opinions end and of where the supporting evidence begins. But remember to vary your signposts: using the same phrase over and over cerebral palsy case study child again will distract and bore the reader. If the puzzle-based introduction to critical thinking and problem solving, supporting evidence is not a well-known and irrefutable fact, it will probably need to be given the additional support of a footnote indicating where you have obtained your information or which historian's interpretation of the piece of evidence being deployed you have chosen to follow. It will sometimes be useful to quote other authors, especially primary sources, but do not overdo it. It is often better to put things in your own words while still clearly signalling the source of the idea and using a footnote (e.g. 'According to Mayer the first crusade.'), since this helps to show that you have understood what was being said - providing that you have indeed grasped what was being said! (c) The Conclusion. Palsy Case Study! All essays need a carefully thought out conclusion which follows logically from the points made and affirmed in essay thesis statement the course of your essay. It need not rehearse the points you have rejected. Always check to see that the cerebral case study, conclusion you have drawn is the one which follows logically from the points and evidence you have assembled.

(d) Footnoting. Thesis And Bind Dublin! Opinions differ over whether to footnote after completing the first draft or as you write. Sometimes, it is best to go back and footnote the cerebral case child, essay after you have finished, because inserting footnotes can disturb the flow of your writing. On the other hand, it is useful to consider what will need to be footnoted as you write, since footnotes are part of the rhetorical apparatus of a formal essay and give weight and power to print dublin an argument. Case Child! For the same reason, it is best to put the notes at the bottom of the page rather than at the end of the essay. It looks more impressive (especially if you cite well and widely), and saves the marker flicking back and forth. Python! The markers, it should be noted, are under instructions to check footnotes. (e) Once you have finished you should compile your bibliography . (f) Now save your essay, print out cerebral palsy study a text, put it aside for a couple of days, and work on something else. Inevitably, when you come to re-read your essay, you will always think of better ways of putting things. You may even think of print dublin supporting evidence you could add to the text, but make sure that any additions do not spoil the flow. You may find that some of your points are irrelevant: this material should be disregarded.

You should also ask yourself whether the links between the paragraphs are clear and logical? Perhaps the palsy case study, essay would be more effective if they were put in a different order? If the thesis, essay has been written on a word processor it should be easy enough to achieve this by cutting and pasting paragraphs. Your essay should have a clear and consistent structure throughout, so that one paragraph follows another logically and carries the argument forward. You will need to edit: for grammar, spelling and punctuation; to remove unnecessary verbiage, colloquialisms and jargon; to ensure that the footnotes and cerebral palsy case, bibliography conform with the required style sheet; and for the coherence and quality of your writing. You should always check the printed text of your essay before submitting it.

The eye tends to overlook errors on essay to goa the screen, and spell checkers almost invariably allow a significant number of mistakes to slip through. 'Their' and 'there', for example, will both be accepted as correct by a word processor regardless of which one you should actually have used in case study child a given context. The ability to write good essays does not come to puzzle-based learning to critical thinking mathematics solving many people easily. It is case a skill which requires constant attention and practice. It is, however, a skill which will serve you well no matter what you choose to do when you leave university. Effective communication is a key to success in many walks of life. Python Homework! There is, therefore, every incentive to apply yourself to the development of this art.

Credits: This guide was devised and developed by Paul Antony Hayward (2000-2007).

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