Revising essays

Annotated questions and answers about glucose metabolism and insulin secretion of ?-cells. How glucose stimulates the secretion of insulin has been a central question since the discovery of insulin 70 years ago. Because of the complexity of the transduction system, which involves metabolism, electrical events, and the movement of granules, and the difficulty of making intracellular measurements, the current hypotheses that have been put forth are based in essays part on solid experimental tests and in part on speculation. Because the placement into the latter two categories may differ depending on the source, we present our views on determined. We begin with the overwhelming evidence supporting the concept that glucokinase is the major regulator of glucose metabolism, allowing it to function as the glucose sensor of the ?-cell. Next, the coupling of metabolism via the cold wa ATP/ADP ratio to ionic events governing insulin secretion is discussed in terms of the measurements of the temporal changes needed to evaluate the role of the revising essays ATP/ADP ratio, the quantitative relationship between ATP production and utilization and insulin secretion, and the conceptually imperative regulation of free cytosolic Ca 2+ by assessment, metabolism. Essays? In addition, the possibility that feedback regulation of growth assessment phosphofructokinase induces oscillations in glycolysis, the ATP/ADP ratio, and Ca 2+ and represents a necessary component of the metabolic transduction system is presented via mathematical modeling analysis. Finally, the issue of whether neuroendocrine signals are complimentary to or compulsory for glucose-induced insulin secretion (the so-called competence of ?-cells) is evaluated. Reviewing all of these concepts is important for revising understanding glucose-induced insulin secretion sue to essays by clive james, the integrative nature of the transduction system. Revising Essays? Endocrinology Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Internal Medicine.

Research output : Contribution to journal › Article. Research output : Contribution to journal › Article. T1 - Annotated questions and answers about glucose metabolism and insulin secretion of ?-cells. AU - Matschinsky,F. M. N2 - How glucose stimulates the secretion of insulin has been a central question since the discovery of insulin 70 years ago. Because of the complexity of the ankit thesis transduction system, which involves metabolism, electrical events, and the movement of revising essays granules, and kippur paper the difficulty of making intracellular measurements, the current hypotheses that have been put forth are based in part on solid experimental tests and in part on speculation.

Because the placement into the latter two categories may differ depending on the source, we present our views on essays, determined. We begin with the overwhelming evidence supporting the concept that glucokinase is the major regulator of glucose metabolism, allowing it to function as the glucose sensor of the ?-cell. Next, the coupling of metabolism via the ATP/ADP ratio to ionic events governing insulin secretion is discussed in terms of the measurements of the temporal changes needed to evaluate the role of the ATP/ADP ratio, the quantitative relationship between ATP production and utilization and insulin secretion, and the conceptually imperative regulation of free cytosolic Ca2+ by metabolism. In addition, the third world debt essay possibility that feedback regulation of phosphofructokinase induces oscillations in glycolysis, the ATP/ADP ratio, and Ca2+ and represents a necessary component of the metabolic transduction system is presented via mathematical modeling analysis. Essays? Finally, the debt essay issue of whether neuroendocrine signals are complimentary to or compulsory for glucose-induced insulin secretion (the so-called competence of ?-cells) is evaluated. Reviewing all of these concepts is important for understanding glucose-induced insulin secretion sue to revising, the integrative nature of the transduction system. AB - How glucose stimulates the secretion of insulin has been a central question since the discovery of insulin 70 years ago. Because of the complexity of the transduction system, which involves metabolism, electrical events, and the movement of granules, and the difficulty of making intracellular measurements, the current hypotheses that have been put forth are based in part on solid experimental tests and in part on speculation.

Because the placement into the latter two categories may differ depending on the source, we present our views on determined. We begin with the essays by clive james overwhelming evidence supporting the essays concept that glucokinase is the major regulator of glucose metabolism, allowing it to function as the essays by clive james glucose sensor of the ?-cell. Next, the coupling of metabolism via the ATP/ADP ratio to ionic events governing insulin secretion is discussed in terms of the measurements of the temporal changes needed to evaluate the role of the ATP/ADP ratio, the quantitative relationship between ATP production and utilization and insulin secretion, and the conceptually imperative regulation of free cytosolic Ca2+ by metabolism. Revising? In addition, the possibility that feedback regulation of phosphofructokinase induces oscillations in glycolysis, the ATP/ADP ratio, and Ca2+ and represents a necessary component of the metabolic transduction system is kippur presented via mathematical modeling analysis. Finally, the issue of whether neuroendocrine signals are complimentary to revising, or compulsory for glucose-induced insulin secretion (the so-called competence of ?-cells) is evaluated. Reviewing all of these concepts is debt relief important for understanding glucose-induced insulin secretion sue to the integrative nature of the transduction system. JO - Diabetes Reviews.

T2 - Diabetes Reviews. JF - Diabetes Reviews. Cookies are used by this site. To decline or learn more, visit our Cookies page.

penn 2009 essay Reward and Punishment versus Freedom. Science makes astounding leaps from time to time, turning cherished intuitions upside down. One such leap was Galileo's claim that all objects fall at the same speed. Galileo imagined a world our ancestors had never seen; a world beyond the intuitions we inherited from our ancestors; a world in which friction does not contaminate the true laws of physics.

Objects do fall at the same speed in a friction-free world. Essays? And once placed in motion, objects remain in motion. Third Debt Relief? Galileo's sixth century insight prepared the way for revising Newton, Einstein and all that followed – the imagined world that led to nuclear energy… electronics… the computer. In a science as immature as psychology, one cannot hope to approximate the counter-intuitive leaps of physics. No science can yet approach physics in disclosing worlds that reach beyond our imagination. On occasion, however, even the most backward science can provide micro-examples of what we have come to take for granted in physics. One of these micro examples can be found in the idea of kippur paper reward and punishment. A re-thinking of the idea has led to the discovery of a simple rule that turns commonsense, if not upside down, then at least sideways! When an event increases the frequency of a response that it follows, the event is called a reward; if the essays, event reduces the frequency of the response that it follows, the event is called a punishment. These traditional definitions, like all definitions, are neutral, but they suggest that reward is a pleasant or “good” event, punishment an unpleasant or “bad” event, and growth paper, that the essays, two are opposite.

Reward and punishment however are not opposites. Paper? They are, except for sign, equivalent! And they both contrast with freedom. This is a new point of view, a micro-blockbuster. It says that reward and punishment are produced by two simple rules. For reward, this rule: in any pair of responses, the more probable will reward the less probable. Revising Essays? For punishment, this rule: in any pair of assessment paper responses, the less probable will punish the more probable. We test this new view of reward by first giving the revising essays, individual free access to water, food, a mate, music etc., items to which the kippur war yom, person or animal is likely to revising respond - and we record the length of time (the duration) the individual spends with each item. Behavior can be counted in many different ways – as bar presses, pellets eaten, wheel turns, licks, etc.-- but we cannot compare these different units, bar presses with pellets eaten, pellets eaten with wheel turns, etc. Yet, in order to test the rule, we must compare entirely different behaviors.

The amount of time (the duration) which an individual spends with each item turns out to be the personal growth assessment paper, ideal measure for making comparisons of this kind. Duration is essays not an arbitrary measure like bar presses and wheel turns, etc. It is a universal measure and is applicable to all behaviors. Here is a simple example of the test. A white rat is offered two objects: freely available food and a freely available running wheel.

The rat is dissertation tutors hungry. It spends more time eating than it does running. According to the first rule then: Eating should reward running. To test the rule, we remove the food. The rat remains in essays the running wheel. We arrange a “contingency” between running and eating: in somani thesis order to eat, the rat MUST run. When the rat runs for a predetermined duration, it is given a small amount of food. In order to continue to receive food, the revising essays, rat must repeat the cycle, run in order to eat. If the rule is correct, the rat should increase its running. Exactly by how much will depend on the requirements of the contingency.

For example: if, after running for a short duration the rat is given a substantial meal, the world essay, rat will show a small increase in running. The increase will be smaller than if it had been either: (a) required to run for a very long duration before eating, and/or (b) was given a very small meal each time it ran. One can bring about a dramatic change in revising the duration of the rat's running by changing the contingency in small steps. By gradually requiring the rat to run for ever longer durations, and at the same time reducing the duration for which it can eat, the rat can be led to run almost endlessly! This hints at the power of reward - at its ability to both control and shape an individual's behavior.

When held in the grip of a contingency, every individual faces a competition between two responses, one response more probable than the ankit, other. In the above example, the rat is being asked: How much MORE ARE YOU WILLING TO RUN in order to essays maintain your normal amount of eating? Alternatively, how much LESS ARE YOU WILLING TO EAT in personal growth assessment order to maintain your normal amount of running? The rat has two choices: either to increase the revising essays, less probable response (running); or reduce the personal paper, more probable one (eating). Reward invariably produces the revising, same choice: the individual increases the less probable response. Trapped by a contingency, an individual will do “whatever it takes” to preserve the more probable response. The less probable response is expendable. In other words, one can expect the ankit thesis, rat not to revising essays “yield” its disposition to and consequences of the cold wa eat; and expect it to do “whatever it costs to eat its normal amount of food. The almost unlimited elasticity of a less probable response - running in essays this example – and of the wa, the fact that it yields to the more probable response – eating - makes “reward” possible. At the revising, end of the experiment, we disrupt the contingency and third debt essay, return the rat to its original state where running in the treadmill is not followed by the opportunity to eat.

The duration of running now declines, and the rat returns to running and eating at its original level. A great surprise? Allowing a hungry rat to eat when it turns the activity wheel increases the amount it runs? Not giving the rat food for turning the wheel decreases the amount it runs? Do we need a new rule in order to explain so commonplace an revising, outcome? Ordinarily, how is the effectiveness of food as a reward explained? It is described as having unique physiological consequences. We are reminded that food is essential for the survival of the war yom, individual and for the continuation of the revising, species.

We appeal to growth hedonics, to eating as a positive experience in revising which the taste, smell, and even the sight of food contribute. Or we emphasize the power of eating to assessment paper relieve the pangs and discomforts of hunger. According to the new rule, eating is not unique. The rule has nothing to say about the special or unique properties of responses. Eating receives no special definition. The rule places no emphasis either on the biological, the physiological or the hedonic aspects of eating. The rule says this: eating is effective as a reward for revising precisely the same reason that any other response is an effective reward! When eating is more probable than the essays, instrumental response with which it is revising essays paired, eating will produce an increase in the frequency of the instrumental response.

In general, the impressive ability of eating to serve as a reward comes from a simple fact: eating often has a higher probability than any other responses. In some conditions as high a probability as any response could have; for when food is returned to debt an individual who has been starved, there will be nothing he is revising essays more likely to do than eat. The increase in eating that is produced by deprivation for food suggests a novel way in which to test the new rule. We need to find a situation in which the individual is not hungry, a situation when eating has a low probability - a condition in which the world relief essay, probability of eating is not merely low, but lower than that of some other response. We need not look far. Middle-class children provide the ideal group. These children have abundant food, are seldom hungry, and find many objects far more attractive than food. In 1958, when the experiment that follows was carried out, one of the revising essays, attractive objects happened to be the pinball machine - one of the most exciting games children could be offered to third debt play. They were as drawn to revising essays it as they are to today's computer games. In the test, a pinball machine and a chocolate dispenser are placed side by side. The pinball machine is rewired for continuous operation (allowing the child to play the game over and over again), and a dish for the chocolate is automatically refilled with a single MM candy each time the child takes the piece provided in the dish.

The child is free to eat the Causes and consequences cold, candy and play the game in any amount and in revising essays any order that he chooses. For a few children, the two freely available, desirable alternatives presented a problem. Some got stuck on one or the other alternative as though an invisible barrier had arisen between the candy and the pinball machine. Dissertation Help? They could not alternate from one activity to the other. The majority of the children however were not blocked, and moved easily from essays eating to playing, or vice versa.

Most of the essays by clive james, children were “players”: 61% of the first graders spent more time playing the essays, pinball machine than eating (even though MMs were a great favorite). Only 39% spent more time eating than playing, the “eaters”. These facts established, the essays james, children were divided into players and eaters, and each of these groups was further divided into two subgroups. Revising Essays? There were then four groups, each of which was given one or other of two contingencies. The children were required to play the Causes, pinball machine in order to eat the MM's; or to revising eat the MM's in order to play the pinball machine.

When the child was required to play in dissertation help order to eat, the pinball machine was freely available but the candy was not; the child had to operate the game in order to have the essays, candy. When the child was required to eat in order to play, the personal growth, candy was freely available, but the game was not; the child had to eat the candy in order to play the pinball machine. These two contingencies had remarkably different effects on both players and eaters. For “players”, the opportunity to play the pinball machine strongly rewarded the eating of MM's. Children in this group had had an average base level of eating just five pieces of candy: but, when eating the candy led to a chance to play, they ate an average of 26 candies! By contrast, when playing the pinball machine led to a chance to revising essays eat candy, players ate no more than their base level of candy. The results for the players confirm both sides of the rule.

Playing, the more probable response, should reward eating, and kippur paper research war yom, it did. Revising Essays? Eating, the and consequences of the wa, less probable response, should not reward playing, and it did not. “Eaters” too confirmed the revising, rule. For the “eaters”, the opportunity to eat MM's did reward playing the pinball machine. It increased the frequency of playing the game from about X times in the base period to Y times during the Causes cold wa, contingency. The opposite contingency has no effect. Revising? When given the opportunity to operate the pinball machine after eating the candy, eaters played no more than their original amount of the game. The results of the pinball/candy experiments confirmed the kippur paper research war yom, rule. These results add somewhat of a twist to the literature on essays reward. In all prior laboratory studies, eating has been the paper, rewarding event- there is probably no other study in which eating has itself been rewarded.

That is not a mystery. In the typical laboratory, animals are first deprived of food, assuring a hungry animal, an essays, animal in which eating is more probable than any other response. RUNNING TO DRINK. These results are not confined to middle class children. They can be duplicated in rats. Essays? We can reinstate the conditions used with children, except that, in working with the rat, we substitute an activity wheel for the pinball machine, and water for the MM's. Drinking is substituted for eating because drinking can be measured automatically in the rat. Revising Essays? A drinking device can be connected to the side of the activity wheel.

When the rat's tongue contacts the water, a clock starts, automatically recording the duration of the dissertation help tutors, drink. Drinking is equally automatic in the rat. Immediately after they are weaned they drink at the rate of seven times a second. The rats were well-provided with both food and essays, water - virtually middle-class, neither thirsty nor hungry. Their probability of drinking was low, probably as low as that of the children who ate the MM's. During the base measurement period, the rats spent more time running than drinking. The relation between the rat's probabilities of drinking and running was similar to that of the children's between eating and pinball playing. Except for debt essay this fact: rats did not naturally “divide” into two groups, runners and drinkers.

In that sense, they were unlike the revising, children. All the rats spent more time running than drinking! Since running is more probable than drinking, running should reward drinking. Does it? To test the rule, we arrange a contingency between drinking and dissertation help, running. Water is freely available, but the running wheel is locked. The rat must first lick the drinking device for a certain period of revising essays time in order to unlock the wheel, and run. To continue running, the dissertation, rat must repeat the revising, cycle. Whenever the rat's tongue contacts the water, it produces a “tick” at seven times a second. A “click” registers each time the rat turns the activity wheel, once every second. Both sounds occur at constant rates because the recurrent (species-specific) behaviors found in the rat, such as grooming, copulating, eating, running, etc. Personal Growth? all occur at constant rates.

When the rat drinks in order to run, it drinks three or four times more compared to the base period. When we disrupt the contingency so that drinking no longer makes the running wheel available, drinking returns to revising essays its base level. Running rewards drinking in the rat under the same conditions as playing rewards eating in the child. Both results can be explained by the same rule. Notice this. The rule does not offer an dissertation help tutors, explanation of the “independent” or baseline probability of any individual behavior.

It does not predict that running can be made more probable than drinking; or that children are more likely to play a pinball machine than to eat chocolate. The rule is revising essays concerned exclusively with dependent probabilities, with the personal, relationship between behaviors, the effect of one response probability on another. The rule has nothing to revising say about independent probabilities. Could eating be made “exceptionally” probable by starving the individual? One might think the answer to so simple a question must be “yes”; but, actually, rather than that, the answer depends on the species. Essays? Different species eat foods of varying caloric value, in essays different amounts, and at different intervals.

Vegetarians consume low caloric food, foraging and eating small amounts almost continually. Carnivores consume high caloric food, hunt infrequently, gorge themselves and dine only after long intervals. One could, therefore, “starve” a carnivore for a long period of time without producing a high probability of eating. Behavior, being complex, varies in unexpected ways. The present rule implies that the cause of an third world debt relief, independent probability is of no consequence. Whether a response probability is caused by food deprivation, sweetness or sugar content, ambient temperature, amount of work performed, etc., has no effect on the reward value of the probability.

Responses of equal probabilities have the same reward value, irrespective of their initial conditions. Revising? A powerful claim indeed. REVERSABILITY OF REWARD. In the kippur paper war yom, traditional view, eating and drinking, activities which typically serve as rewards, cannot themselves be rewarded. However, the pinball experiment shows that eating can be rewarded.

In the essays, rat study we did not reverse the traditional reward relation in kippur research order to essays show that drinking can reward running. It was not necessary. This is the conventional arrangement, and the outcome is essays by clive james known. From the point of view of the new rule, we reward running with drinking by revising essays, simply reversing the probabilities of drinking and help tutors, running. Introduce a little thirst, a little water deprivation, and the rat's probability of drinking will exceed that of running. To reverse the contingency, we remove the drinking device, and make running freely available. In order to drink, the rat must run, which it does, because drinking is more probable than running. Revising Essays? The rat runs more than its normal baseline in order to drink; just as the rat drank more than its baseline in order to run when running was more probable than drinking. Ankit Somani? Clearly, reward is a reversible relation.

RELATIVE NOT ABSOLUTE. To say that reward has traditionally been seen as an absolute property means this: an item that rewards a response will reward all responses; an item that does not reward a response will not reward any responses. This point of revising essays view mirrors the mistaken intuition that the third world debt relief, world can be divided into such absolute categories as: reward and punishment, instrumental responses and rewarding responses etc. Relativity, another property of reward, has been overlooked. Its presence and importance can be illustrated in this experiment with monkeys. Cebus and capuchin monkeys have a strong disposition to manipulate objects.

In this study, they are given a number of gadgets to “play” with: plungers, levers, doorknobs, etc., and revising essays, the duration for which they operated each of these gadgets was measured. All four monkeys preferred a horizontally-hinged door (A), followed by debt essay, a lever (B), and spent the least amount of time turning a crank (C). Contingencies between pairs of these gadgets offered the monkeys showed that: (A) the door, rewards both (B) the essays, lever, and (C) the crank; (C) does not reward either (A) or (B). This result appeared to confirm the absolute view: Responses that are rewards, reward everything; those that are not rewards, reward nothing. However, the lever (B) has an unusual status, its probability of occurrence is intermediate. Dissertation? The lever (B) stands between the most and least probable responses! B) as required by the rule, is both a reward and not a reward! The rule therefore predicts that ( B ) will reward (C) the least preferred item, but will not reward (A), the most preferred item.

When required to turn the crank in order to press the lever, crank turning should increase; when required to operate the door in order to press the lever, operating should not increase . The results confirmed the prediction - confirmed relativity of reward in all four monkeys. Because responses of intermediate probability are and are not rewards—that is, they reward some responses but not others--the results of this experiment teach us that the question: Is this response a reward? cannot be answered. The question is incomplete. It requires this further question: With respect to what other response? PUNISHMENT - THE OTHER SIDE OF REWARD.

If asked to choose between reward and punishment, one might smirk at the silliness of the question. Essays? There is no choice, one would say, obviously reward is the essays by clive, good option, punishment the bad. This standard point of revising view, supported by our intuitions and by traditional psychology, is nevertheless wrong. To explain why reward and punishment are not opposite dissertation help but equivalent, we review an experiment done in the 1970's. The study involved the white rat, and happens to be the first and last work done on the topic by James Terhune, a graduate student who later turned to the study of statistics; it was also my last work on topic, I turned to language and cognition. The design of the experiment followed the logic of our rule: since reward requires performing a less probable response in order to perform one that is more probable, and punishment requires the revising essays, reverse, then, a response of third debt intermediate probability should be both a reward and a punishment. In other words, a response of intermediate probability should reward responses that are less probable, and punish those that are more probable. This prediction was tested using three responses: DRINKING, most probable (the rats were mildly thirsty); PRESSING a lever, the least probable; and RUNNING, intermediate in probability. The rule predicts that RUNNING will reward LEVER PRESSING but will punish DRINKING. In other words, one and the same response will be both a reward and a punishment.

During the base measurement period, the animals were given repeated 10 second opportunities to run , drink, or press a lever. The drinking tube entered the wheel and remained for 10 seconds; the revising, lever entered the wheel and remained for 10 seconds; and the brake on the running wheel was released for 10 seconds. The probability of responding was defined in this way: as the number of times the Causes and consequences of the cold wa, rat drank, pressed the lever, reached a speed that activated the revising, running wheel- divided by the number of opportunities to drink, run, and lever press. During the contingency, the rat had the paper research, same opportunities to lever press and to drink as during the base period, but it was not given the opportunity to run. Instead, running was made contingent on lever pressing in one case, and on drinking in the other. When the essays, rat pressed the lever, the motor on the running wheel was activated, and the rat was forced to run. Similarly when the rat drank, the motor on the running wheel was activated and the rat was forced to run. World Debt? In other words, both lever pressing and drinking had the same consequence, they forced the rat to run. The results confirmed the rule: running is both a reward and a punishment. When lever pressing forces the revising, rat to run, the rat increases the frequency of lever pressing: but when drinking forces the dissertation, rat to run, the rat suppresses the frequency of its drinking. Are rats “sensitive” to reward but “insensitive” to punishment, or are they are equally sensitive (or insensitive), to both?

This can be established by plotting, in revising essays one case, the increase in by clive lever pressing as a function of the probability of essays running; and in the other, the decrease in drinking as a function of the probability of growth assessment paper running. Figure x provides graphs of both the functions. Revising? Comparing the two graphs shows that the slopes of both reward and punishment are “concordant”. Rats that have a steep function for reward have an equally steep function for punishment; conversely, rats that have a shallow function for reward have an equally shallow function for punishment. No rat has a steep slope for one function, a shallow slope for the other. The slope reflects the rat's sensitivity to reward or punishment: Steep functions indicate high sensitivity, shallow functions, low sensitivity. If reward and punishment are opposites, as tradition claims, why would rats then share an equal sensitivity to reward and punishment?

If, however, reward and punishment are (except for sign) equivalent, as the rule states, then concordant sensitivity is exactly what we would expect. Suppose the rats in this experiment were asked whether they accept the traditional view that reward and punishment are categorically different processes in growth assessment paper which there is no interchange of membership? Given their experience, the rat's answer would be a sophisticated “no”. Humans would share the rat's view, provided they were given the same experience as the rat. But daily life does not provide this kind of experience. Revising? Nor does it provide a frictionless world. Yet we can imagine worlds that do. The world of science and experiments often teaches lessons that are not taught by everyday experience. The predicted relation: one and the same response serves as both a reward and as a punishment, is at odds with our intuitions as well as the traditional account of reward and punishment. Both link punishment with pain and harm, physical beating and electric shock.

But beatings and electric shock are special cases of punishment. In the same sense, sexual pleasure, lavish feasting and soul-stirring music are special cases of reward. Punishment and reward have this universal property in common: reward is a response that is more probable than the response that precedes it, while punishment is a response that is less probable than the response it follows. What, then, is the difference between reward and punishment? The difference lies in timing, in when an individual is ankit somani required to pay for the opportunity to perform its more probable response.

For reward, the individual “pays” before; in revising punishment, the Causes of the, individual “pays” after. In the experimental example, the rats paid before the run, but paid after the drink. The every day world uses both arrangements, for revising example, we pay before entering the theater, but do not pay until after dinner. Ankit Somani Thesis? (While the dentist is paid after we have been in his chair, as is the barber, the prostitute is paid before we enter her bed.) Reward and punishment arise from these simple facts: the resources of the world are finite, and the range of intelligence in humans is broad. The combination of revising finite resources and differences in human abilities guarantees the inequality of the distribution of the world's goods. Some have an excess while others manage with the merest necessities. Reward and punishment are based on this disparity, and are a principal means of social control.

Unfortunately reward and and consequences wa, punishment eliminate individual freedom, placing some members of society under the control of others. An individual who possesses everything is not subject to revising either reward or punishment - he cannot be rewarded for responding to goods that are already his nor can he be punished for responding to them. World Relief Essay? He is revising free, invulnerable to research contingencies, not subject to control by others. Only those who lack goods can be rewarded or punished. Only they can be induced to increase their low probability responses to gain goods they lack, or be forced to make low probability responses for goods that do not belong to them.

Trapped by contingencies, vulnerable to the control of others, the poor are anything but free. FOOTNOTE 1. Traditional psychology still speaks of reward or pleasure centers, locations in the brain that are said to be the center of pleasure, and revising, therefore of reward. These centers are misidentified. It is possible to Causes of the cold show that responses produced by stimulating the pleasure center can be rewarded by other responses that are more probable than those in the pleasure center. Revising? For instance, drinking (in the rat) can be made more probable than responses produced by stimulating the would-be reward center. When drinking is made contingent upon pressing a lever that stimulates the reward center, it increases the personal growth assessment, frequency of lever pressing--in other words, the responses from the revising essays, reward center can themselves be rewarded! Does this mean that there is more than one reward center? or rather, that the kippur war yom, entire notion of a pleasure or reward center is mistaken? The so-called reward center is simply a location in the brain whose stimulation produces a level of responding that has these two features: the level of responding is revising high, and the response is slow to world debt relief essay habituate.

But the would-be reward center cannot be the reward center, it is itself subject to reward! A new rule is not needed to explain the revising, increase in the responses that are supported by ankit thesis, the reward center. Essays? Like any other response, such a center can be rewarded by paper, more probable responses. END OF FOOTNOTE.

PhD Thesis Structure Sample: How should you structure your thesis? Thesis structure for a PhD thesis should be a document structure which is acceptable by the University from where you are pursuing your doctoral degree program. It is a good practice to refer to this structure from the University and essays get it vetted by your supervisor. A typical (generally accepted)PhD thesis structure sample has the following sections. Title Acknowledgments Table of Contents (TOC) Abstract Introduction Literature Review Research Methodology Data Analysis Findings and Discussions Conclusion and Limitations Bibliography Appendix. Over 24% of theses submitted in all UK universities are rejected due to personal growth paper, wrong structure of the revising, report. You must use check previous theses submitted to the University before embarking on kippur paper war yom writing yours. At Thesis Clinic, we look after all your issues that tend to arise during the selection of a structure for your thesis paper. Thesis Clinic not only assists you with the accurate selection of essays your thesis structure, but even offers you applicable solutions for all the issues arising from the very beginning to the end of the somani thesis, thesis paper creation process.

Finally, my DBA thesis has been submitted after supervisor approved it. Revising! He was continously disappointed with data analysis chapter of my thesis. But you guys did a great job. He approved the ankit, chapter on only first study of revising essays it. Thank you so much Thesis Clinic! Thanks a lot Thesis Clinic for your brilliant support in my research work. You helped me a lot in research methodology consulting.

Thanks again. All higher degree and research candidates including PhD, Masters of Research, Professional Doctorate, Masters Research degree are required to submit an electronic copy of their thesis along with a print version. This is between you and help your tutor. Essays! Basically, topic evolves with time as research moves forward. So, in the general case the essays, answer is yes. Scrivener is a writing software that helps you in essays, writing and organising your thesis in an efficient way. From organising the course material, keeping versions of the draft, brainstorming lists to taking notes from the supervisor, Scrivener assi. Well, this is the default state, what you can do is:

- Cracking the hidden topic market. - Looking for your area of interest. - Find out specific problems in your area of dissertation interest that haven't been covered yet. Research philosophy is the way of explaining your research methods and how that influences your work. It should be incorporated in your dissertation as it solves the issue on which methods to apply in your research. It highly depends upon essays, the individ.

There are three types of essays james thesis: Analytical Thesis: It breaks down the idea or issue into its component, evaluates the idea and presents its evaluation and breakdown to the audience. • Read your thesis well before the viva, be thorough. • Make a list of all the questions you dread and to prepare an answer to them. • Take note of when you should whole heartedly defend your thesis and when you can accept its minor im. You should look into the following: As much as possible, read whatever comes under the span of your research. Using previously existing data and research work make a list of the scientific jargon, professionally used terminology and other words . You should make sure that your Thesis title encompasses the following three characteristics: Captivating: This means that the title should be able to spark interest in the minds of the readers and force them to have a glance at what.

A thesis statement is essentially a concise summary of the main point or crux of the thesis and revising essays is one sentence that usually appears at the beginning of the piece of writing is what we call a thesis statement. It is of essence that all arguments made. Generally, the official ownership and the copyright of the thesis belong to dissertation help, the institute the thesis is essays, being researched at. In most cases the Institute will hold ownership of the copyright to Causes of the, a thesis. The thesis supervisor works with the scholar and guides him to successfully compete his thesis drafting. He ensures that the research done is authentic and complies with all the formatting guidelines of the essays, institute. A supervisor does not entirely c. An Electronic Thesis or Dissertation (ETD) is similar to a traditional thesis but instead of being printed on paper and third relief then hard bound, it is stored in a format that makes it easy to be retrieved or accessed worldwide. Revising Essays! Many Universities are now grad. Every university is very particular about the dissertation, presentation of essays theses. They expect all thesis documents to be consistent and in accordance with the prescribed format.

This makes work more accessible and comprehendible. A structure gives a scholar a rationale or a blueprint as to how he or she must go about third relief drafting his or her thesis. This ensures work is done more systematically, effectively and timely. The answer is quite simple , try to derive a conclusion out of the various arguments you read and essays counter attack them through your own understanding, this will help you to develop and analyze your own set of arguments. First of all it's very natural to get nervous during such times , so don't be apprehensive about it and secondly just remember to world debt, have an in depth knowledge of your paper and just prove that you have the right aspirations and a firm determination t. Yes you can pursue PhD on a part time basis, various Universities such as oxford , Liverpool gives you an opportunity to revising essays, pursue specific courses on a part time basis.

There are many online available software that can be used for plagiarism check, however WriteCheck's TurnitIn is personal growth assessment paper, one of the widely used and approached software. It provides detailed description of the plagiarized content. While preparing the revising, proposal focus on the research objectives and research questions. As the name suggest, you need to propose the expected outcomes where you are directing your research. An empirical paper is one wherein you do a new research by analyzing the primary collected by means of observation, interviews, etc. A concept paper on the other hand describes more the concept of a particular idea and is summated with a suggestion. Variables are decided on the basis of review of literature. From the previous researches in a particular domain, we understand the somani thesis, variables that can fit to our research. Rewriting is suggested when there is plagiarism, sentences are broken and the better academic writing quality is required. A good research proposal should include, the clear problem statement, Purpose of the essays, study, Definitions, Review of war yom Literature, research questions and hypothesis (if applicable). For persuasive research outcome, do not use the words like, can, could, I believe in, this might, etc as these will direct towards uncertainty.

Empirical research: It means that research is conducted through investigation and the conclusions are drawn on the basis of collected evidences. It is revising essays, a practical and james experimental approach of essays research. Conceptual research: As the. The goal of a concept paper means a broad abstract statement or achievement for paper, which efforts have been made. While the revising essays, objective is to find out the arguments or proof directly associated with the goal. They are used interchangeably but actually play.

If you want to get your thesis published in an eminent journal, it is favorable to get it edited and editing certificate, especially when you have English as a second language. No university, institute or supervisor ask for it. Simplest method you can adopt in order to combine independent statistical tests is vote count method. It will account statistical significance of finding or focus only on the direction of the findings. It depends on essays james the study you opt for citation. For a single study citation (SC), use past tense. To illustrate: Biodiesel was shown to have promise as an essays alternative to regular diesel. (Arslan, 2007)

When referring to an area of inqu. At the end of entire discussion section, restate the significance of Causes and consequences of the cold your study and speculate about the next steps towards further research. The term pilot study refers to any small-scale version, or any trial run to revising essays, test a research instrument or method as a precursor to a more general study. It can help in amending your data collection plans regarding content and ankit procedures. Revising! . Empathic neutrality is identified as one the ethic in data collection for the research. Empathic neutrality is when the researcher collects the data without being biased; working in kippur research, a research without being judgmental. Qualitative researches often tend to use peer debriefing technique in which a peer is expected to assess and revising essays review transcripts as well as reports produced.

All this is personal growth assessment paper, done by the peers through a careful reading. Synthesis matrix is revising, considered as one of the most efficient ways to organize the information and sources for your literature review. For this, you must identify the sources that are closely related with your topic, bring out the arguments and organiz. Contingency table is used to find the correlation between the two variables by making a frequency distribution table, where two variables are shown simultaneously and their interrelation is analyzed. . A hypothesis is thesis, a statement which predicts the relationships of events or variables clearly. It identifies a specific variable (independent) which might have a causal effect on the other variable (dependent). Triangulation method is used for verifying the validity of data by combining multiple theories and data sources using different methods.

Triangulation methods can be employed in can be employed in both quantitative (validation) and qualitative (inqui. Intercoder reliability or agreement is mainly a measurement of consistency. It depicts whether two or more coders agree on revising essays same passage of help tutors text or not. The consistency of the coding be in agreement at least 80% of the time for good qualitative reliab. When a research is conducted on the marginalized section of essays a society for their betterment is called emancipatory research. The researcher is Causes cold, generally who is either an indigenous or an outsider evaluating and interpreting the essays, disadvantaged condition.

The term is tutors, used for the researcher's process of collecting data first without research planning and design to explore the research questions. In such a case, the data collected often turns into unjustifiable data which bears no relevancy in terms o. Many students make the revising essays, mistake of writing and citing every single paper in the literature review section. There might be many papers you must have studied for somani, developing your research idea, but you must cite only those papers which contributed much t. The active or passive voice in academic writing is used accordingly for revising, writing clearly and persuasively.

When to third relief, use active voice and passive voice cannot be defined. The length of essays your introduction section should never be of third world much concern. The length of the chapter would be dependent upon essays, what all is to be covered in an introduction. Some questions that you must consider while writing an Causes of the wa introduction: key terminol. Research Prominent citation is essays, one of the basic types of citation styles which focuses more on research rather than on author or the researchers involved. . A conceptual framework is the research idea developed by the researcher on the basis of james existing verified theory or phenomenon. It can be called a model upon which you plan to revising, work and investigate your research problem. . Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) is used to determine the ankit somani thesis, results and influence independent variables have upon the dependent variables. There are basically four types of measurement scales used in quantitative questionnaire; Nominal Scale, Ordinal Scale, Interval Scale and Ratio Scale. Extraneous variables are confounding variables that are in any way related to revising, the dependent or independent variables and should not controlled. Researcher should control such variables as they may impact the analysis and results. . CC license is issued by Creative Common, a non-profit organization which permits the distribution and usage of essays james published or unpublished work on a greater scale while retaining the copyrights of the author. . In case you have supplementary material such as audios, videos, HD images etc. that are relevant to your thesis, then you can submit those in files separately along with your thesis.

Also, you must include the complete details of such material in the. Yes. It is mandatory for you to obtain the essays, consent from the concerned bodies to approve your data collection procedures and testify all ethical considerations. Personal Growth Paper! This letter shall be given a proper description in appendices and disclosed to your superv. Poisson distribution is the pattern of random point-like events or dimensions that provide the model of randomness to which an revising essays observed event pattern in a particular time or space can be compared. . In exploratory data analysis, sets of data are analyzed by summarizing the main characteristics using various graphical as well as quantitative techniques such as Histogram, Pareto chart, Trimean, Median polish etc. . Random sampling is a technique of ankit thesis selecting sample size from the population in a way that each individual has an equal possibility of being in the sample selected. . A thesis contains eight to nine chapters in revising essays, general but may vary from university to university.

The basic chapters that a thesis must contain are as follows: 1. Introduction 2. Literature Review 3. Methods 4. Discussion 5. Data Analysis 6. Resu. Thesis writing is an important part of academic research. As part of the academic curriculum, studen. Choosing the right topic for somani, dissertation can be a very overwhelming task. Revising Essays! The sigh of relief here c. There are certain mistakes, or we may call them as blunders that would make sure your failure in you. 30 January 2017. Even the somani thesis, best of PhD academic writer have faced the dreaded writer's block when working on their imp. 18 October 2016. Thesis Clinic 7200 the Quorum Oxford Business Park North, Oxford , OX4 2JZ , UK. © Copyright 2012.

Thesis Clinic. All Rights Reserved.

A Comprehensive Guide to APA Citations and Format. Revising Essays? This page will provide you with an overview of APA citation format. Included is information about APA referencing, various citation formats and examples for dissertation, each source type, and other helpful information related to APA. If you’re looking for essays, MLA format, check out Citation Machine’s MLA Guide. Also, visit Citation Machine’s homepage to use the help tutors APA formatter, which is an APA citation generator. See more across the site. Being Responsible While Researching. When you’re writing a research paper or creating a research project, you will probably use another individual’s work to help develop your own project.

A good researcher or scholar uses another individual’s work in revising a responsible way. This involves indicating that the third essay work of other individuals is included in your project, which is one way to prevent plagiarism. The word plagiarism is essays derived from the latin word, plagiare, which means to kidnap. The term has evolved over the years to now mean the dissertation tutors act of taking another individual’s work and using it as your own, without acknowledging the original author. Be careful of plagiarism! Plagiarism is illegal and revising there are many serious ramifications for plagiarizing someone else’s work. Thankfully, plagiarism can be prevented. One way it can be prevented is by including APA format citations in your research project. Want to make these citations quickly and easily? Try our APA citation machine which is Causes of the found on essays, our homepage. Citations are included in research projects anytime you use another individual’s work in your own assignment.

When including a quote, paraphrased information, images, or any other piece of information from another’s work, you need to show where you found it by including a citation. Essays By Clive? This APA format guide explains how to revising essays, make citations in APA style. There are two types of APA citations. The first type of citation, which is called in-text, or parenthetical citations, are included when you’re adding text, word for word, from another individual’s work into your own project. If you don’t use the information from another source word for word in your assignment, but you paraphrase it in james your own words, you also need to add an in-text citation. The other type of APA format citations, which are called reference citations, are found at the end of your research project, usually on the last page. Included on this reference list page are the full citations for essays, any in-text citations found in the body of the project, as well as full citations for any other sources you used to help develop your research. Relief? These citations are listed in alphabetical order, one after the other. The two types of revising citations, in-text and reference citations, look very different. In-text citations include three items: the last name(s) of the author, the year the source was published, and the page or location of the information. Reference citations include more information such as the name of the author(s), the year the source was published, the title of the source, and the URL or page range.

Why is it Important to Include APA Citations? Including APA citations into your research projects is a very important component of the research process. When you include citations, you’re being a responsible researcher. You’re showing readers that you were able to find valuable, high-quality information from third relief other sources, place them into your project where appropriate, all while acknowledging those original authors. The American Psychological Association, also called APA, is an organization created for revising essays, individuals in the psychology field. With close to ankit thesis, 116,000 members, they provide education opportunities, funding, guidance, and research information for essays, everything psychology related. APA also has numerous high-quality databases, peer-reviewed journals, and paper research books that revolve around mental health. The American Psychological Association is revising also credited with creating APA Style, which is a popular way to create citations.

This citation format is used by individuals not only in the psychology field, but many other subject areas as well. Education, economics, business, and social sciences also use APA style quite frequently. Kippur War Yom? Click here for more information. Revising? APA created APA style format in 1929 in order to form a standard way for researchers in the science fields to document their sources. Dissertation Tutors? Prior to the inception of these standards, individuals were most likely including various pieces of information about a source, in a random order. You can probably imagine how difficult it would be to look at a few different pieces of research and determine the revising types of sources that were used to develop the ankit somani thesis research project!

Having a standard format for citing sources allows readers to glance at revising, an APA citation and easily locate the title, author, year published, and third debt other critical pieces of information needed to understand a source. Click here to learn more about why the American Psychological Association created APA. APA Style is currently in its 6th edition, which was released in 2009. In previous versions of APA format, researchers and scholars were required to include the date that an electronic resource was accessed. In addition, names of databases were included, and essays only the name of the city was included for publication information. Now, it is no longer required to include the date of access as well as the name of the database in an APA citation. The full location, including the paper city AND state, or the city and country if it’s an international publisher, is included in the citation.

In 2013, APA released a revised manual just for electronic resources. This was released due to the increase in the amount of technology advances and resources. There are two types of citations in APA Style - there are in-text, or parenthetical citations, and complete reference APA citations. In-text, also called parenthetical citations, are found in the body, or text, of a research project. Essays? They’re included after a direct quote or paraphrase. See the next section below to learn more about how to essays, format and include in-text citations in your project. Essays? Complete reference citations are found at Causes and consequences of the cold, the end of a research project. These reference citations are longer, complete citations for all of the sources used in a project. So, full citations for all of the in-text citations are found here.

The format for APA reference citations varies, but some APA citations use this general format: Author’s Last name, First initial. (Date published). Title . Retrieved from URL. Researchers and scholars must look up the proper APA citation format for the source that they’re using. Books have a certain APA format, websites have a different format, periodicals have a different format, and so on. Scroll down to find the proper format for the source you’re trying to cite. Essays? If you would like to cite your sources automatically, Citation Machine’s APA generator is personal growth assessment a helpful APA reference generator that will make the citation process easier for you. In-text, or parenthetical citations, are included in research projects in three instances: When using a direct quote, paraphrasing information, or simply referring to a piece of revising essays information from another source.

Quite often, researchers and scholars use a small amount of text, word for word, from personal growth another source and include it in their own research projects. This is done for many reasons. Sometimes, another author’s words are so eloquently written that there isn’t a better way to rephrase it yourself. Other times, the author’s words can help prove a point or establish an understanding for revising essays, something in your research project. When using another author’s exact words in your research project, include an Causes in-text citation directly following it. In addition to using the exact words from another source and placing them into your project, in-text citations are also added anytime you paraphrase information. Paraphrasing is when you take information from another source and rephrase it, in your own words. When simply referring to another piece of information from another source, also include an in-text citation directly following it.

In text APA citations are found after a direct quote, paraphrased information, or reference. Essays? They are formatted like this: Exact text, paraphrased information, or reference (Author’s Last Name, Year published, page number or paragraph number * ) * Only include the page or paragraph number when using a direct quote or paraphrase. This information is included in order to help the reader locate the exact text themselves. By Clive? It is revising not necessary to include this information when you’re simply referring to essays, another source. Here’s are some examples of in-text APA citations: “Well, you’re about to enter the land of the free and the brave. Revising Essays? And I don’t know how you got that stamp on your passport.

The priest must know someone” (Toibi?n, 2009, p. 52). Student teachers who use technology in their lessons tend to dissertation help tutors, continue using technology tools throughout their teaching careers (Kent Giles, 2017). If including the author’s names in revising essays the sentence, only include the Causes and consequences wa year in revising essays the in-text APA citation. According to a study done by Kent and Giles (2017), student teachers who use technology in their lessons tend to assessment paper, continue using technology tools throughout their teaching careers. The full references, or citations, for these sources can be found on the last part of a research project, the “Reference List.” While this guide’s intent is to help you understand and develop citations on your own, there are many APA formatter tools, including a free APA citation generator, available on revising, Citation Machine. Try our APA citation machine which is found on our homepage. Personal Assessment? Click here to learn more about revising, crediting work. APA Reference List Citation Components.

As stated above, reference list citations are the full citations for all of the in-text citations found in the body of a research project. These full citations are listed in alphabetical order by the author’s last names. They have a hanging indent, meaning that the second line of text is indented in half an inch. See examples below to see what a hanging indent looks like. The format for dissertation tutors, APA reference citations varies based on the source type, but some APA citations use this general format: Author’s Last name, First initial. (Date published). Title . Retrieved from URL. Learn more about each component of the reference citation and how to format it in the sections that follow.

The names of revising authors are written in third world debt relief reverse order. Revising Essays? Include the initials for the first and middle names. End this information with a period. When two or more authors work together on a source, write them in the order in which they appear on the source, using this format: Last name, F. Help? M., Last name, F. M., Last name, F. M., Last name, F. M., Last name, F. M. Kent, A. G., Giles, R. M. Thorpe, A., Lukes, R., Bever, D. J, He, Y. If there are 8 or more authors listed on a source, only revising essays include the help first 6 authors, add three ellipses, and then add the last author’s name. Roberts, A., Johnson, M. C., Klein, J., Cheng, E. V., Sherman, A., Levin, K. K. , . Lopez, G. Revising? S. If you plan on using Citation Machine’s APA formatter, which is an APA citation generator, the names of the authors will format properly for you. Directly after the author’s name is the date the source was published. Include the full date for newspapers, the month and year for magazine articles, and only the year for journals and all other sources. If no date is found on the source, include the initials, n.d. for “no date.” Narducci, M. (2017, May 19). City renames part of help tutors 11th Street Ed Snider Way to honor Flyers founder.

The Philadelphia Inquirer . If using our APA citation maker, Citation Machine’s APA generator will add the correct date format for you automatically. When writing out titles for revising, books, articles, chapters, or other nonperiodical sources, only capitalize the first word of the title and the first word of the subtitle. Names of tutors people, places, organizations, and other proper nouns also have the first letter capitalized. Revising? For books and reports, italicize the dissertation help title in an APA citation. Strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Roots: The saga of an American family. For articles and chapters in essays APA referencing, do not italicize the title.

Wake up the nation: Public libraries, policy making, and political discourse. For newspapers, magazines, journals, newsletters, and other periodicals, capitalize the first letter in ankit somani thesis each word and italicize the revising title. The Seattle Times. A common question is whether to underline your title or place it in italics or quotation marks. Third Debt Essay? In APA, titles are never underlined or placed in quotation marks. They are either placed in italics or not.

Here’s a good general rule for APA: When a source sits alone and is not part of a larger whole, place the title in italics. If the source does not sit alone and revising is part of a larger whole, do not place it in italics. Ankit Somani Thesis? Books, movies, journals, and essays television shows are placed in italics since they stand alone. World Debt? Songs on an album, episodes of television shows, chapters in books, and articles in journals are not placed in italics since they are smaller pieces of larger wholes. Citation Machine’s APA citation generator formats the title in your citations automatically by following proper APA bibliography guidelines. Additional Information about the Title. If you feel as though it would be helpful to the reader to include additional information about the source type, include this information in brackets immediately following the title. Use a brief descriptive term and capitalize the revising essays first letter. Kennedy, K., Molen, G. R. (Producer), Spielberg, S. (Director). (1993). Jurassic Park [Motion picture]. Assessment? USA: Universal.

Besides [Motion picture], other common notations include: [Letter to the editor] [Television series episode] If you are using Citation Machine’s APA formatter, additional information about the title is automatically added for you. The APA citation generator will add this information based on the source form that you choose. Information About the Publication. For books and reports, include the city and state, or the city and country, of the publisher’s location. Instead of essays typing out the entire state name, use the proper two-letter abbreviation from the United States Postal Service.

Type out the Causes wa entire country name when including areas outside of the United States. After typing the location, add a colon, and continue with the name of the publisher. Revising Essays? It is not necessary to include the entire name of the publisher. It is personal growth paper acceptable to use a brief, intelligible form. However, if Books or Press are part of the publisher’s names, keep these words in the citation. Revising? Other common terms, such as Inc., Co., Publishers, and others can be omitted.

For newspapers, journals, magazines, and other periodicals, include the volume and issue number after the title in an APA citation. The volume number is listed first, by itself, in italics. The issue number is in parentheses immediately after it, not italicized. Giannoukos, G., Besas, G., Hictour, V., Georgas, T. (2016, May). A study on thesis, the role of computers in adult education. Educational Research and Reviews, 11 (9), 907-923. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ERR2016.2688. If the publisher is essays a college or university, and the location name matches part of the school’s information, exclude the kippur paper research war yom publisher information from the citation. After including the location and publisher information, end this section of the citation with a period.

London, England: Pearson. New York, NY: Perseus Books. Our APA generator is an revising essays APA reference generator that will automatically format your publication information in your citations for you. Visit Citation Machine’s homepage to learn more. For online sources, the URL or DOI (Direct Object Identifier) are included at the end of a citation. DOI numbers are often created by publishers for journal articles and other periodical sources. They were created in response to essays james, the problem of broken or outdated links and essays URLs. Assessment Paper? When a journal article is assigned a DOI number, it is static, and essays will never change. Because of its permanent characteristic, DOIs are the preferred type of of the cold electronic information to include in APA citations.

When a DOI number is not available, include the source’s URL. For DOIs, include the number in essays this format: For URLs, only include the information about the homepage and write it in this format: Retrieved from http:// Other APA referencing information about electronic sources: - If the URL is longer than a line, break it up before a punctuation mark. - Do not place a period at the end of the citation. - It is not necessary to include retrieval dates, unless the source changes often over time. - It is essays not necessary to include the names of databases. When using Citation Machine’s APA formatter, if your source was found online, the online publication information will be replaced by the DOI. Our APA citation machine will properly cite your online sources for you, automatically. Click here for more information about the basics of APA. APA Citation Examples for Sources. Author Last name, F. I. (Year Published).

Title of work . Essays? Location: Publisher. Dickens, C. (1942). Great expectations . New York, NY: Dodd, Mead. Thesis? Print Books with Two or More Authors. Revising? Last name, First initial., Last name, First initial, Last name, First initial. (Date). Title . Location: Publisher. Goldin, C. D., Katz, L. F. (2008). The race between education and technology . Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. Matthews, G., Smith, Y., Knowles, G. (2009). Disaster management in archives, libraries and museums . Essays By Clive James? Farnham, England: Ashgate.

When citing a chapter in an edited book, use the revising essays following format: Structure for thesis, Chapters in Edited Books in Print: Last name of chapter author, First initial. Middle initial. (Year published). Chapter title. In First initial. Last name of Editor (Ed.), Book Title (pp. xx-xx). Publishing City, State: Publisher.

APA reference Example for Chapters in Edited Books in Print: De Abreu, B.S. (2001). The role of media literacy education within social networking and the library. Revising Essays? In D.E. Agosto J. Abbas (Eds.), Teens, libraries, and social networking (pp. Dissertation Help? 39-48).

Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. APA reference Structure for essays, Chapters in third Edited Books, found Online: Last name of chapter author, First initial. (Year published). Chapter title. In First initial. Last name of Editor (Ed.), Book title [E-reader version, if used] (pp. Revising Essays? xx-xx). http://dx.doi.org/xxxxx or Retrieved from http://xxxx. Example for Chapters in Edited Books, found Online: Lobo, R. F. Third World Essay? (2003). Introduction to the structural chemistry of zeolites. In S. Auerbach, K. Revising Essays? Carrado, P. Dutta (Eds.), Handbook of zeolite science and technology (pp.

65-89). Retrieved from https://books.google.com. If you’re still unsure about how to and consequences cold, cite a chapter in a book, use Citation Machine’s APA formatter. Your citations will automatically format properly when using the generator. Author Last Name, F. I. (Year Published). Title of work [E-reader Version]. Revising Essays? http://dx.doi.org/xxxx or Retrieved from http://xxxx. Auster, P. (2007). Essays? The Brooklyn follies [Nook version]. Retrieved from http://www.barnesandnoble.com/ Only the first letter of the first word and any proper nouns in the title should be capitalized in an APA citation. A DOI (digital object identifier) is basically a number that links a source to its location on the Internet. This number isn’t always provided, but if it is, it’s very important to revising, include it in your APA referencing citation.

Author Last Name, F. I. (Year Published). Title of third world debt relief essay work . Essays? http://dx.doi.org/xxxx or Retrieved from http://xxxx. Baloh, P., Burke, M. Causes Of The Wa? E. (2007). Attaining organizational innovations. To cite your e-books automatically, use the “Book” form on essays, Citation Machine’s APA generator, click on “Manual entry mode,” and click the “E-book” tab. Our APA citation maker will format your citation properly following APA bibliography guidelines.

Author Last name, F. Ankit? I. (Year Published). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Volume (Issue), page range. Gleditsch, N. P., Pinker, S., Thayer, B. Revising? A., Levy, J. S., Thompson, W. R. (2013). The forum: The decline of war. Ankit? International Studies Review , 15 (3), 396-419.

If your source is found online, but there is no DOI provided, you can include the URL instead. A DOI (digital object identifier) is basically a number that links a source to its location on the Internet. This number isn’t always provided, but if it is, you should include it in your citation rather than including a URL. Unlike previous editions of APA, the 6th edition does not require including a retrieval date or date accessed for online sources. A retrieval date is essays only necessary if the source is likely to change (ex. Help Tutors? Wikipedia). Instead, ‘Retrieved from’ is used.

Author Last name, F. I. Revising? (Year Published). Title of article. Personal Growth Paper? Title of Periodical, Volume (Issue), page range. Sahin, N. T., Pinker, S., Cash, S. S., Schomer, D., Halgren, E. (2009). Sequential processing of lexical, grammatical, and phonological information within Broca’s area.

Science, 326 (5951), 445-449. http://dx.doi.org/xxxxx. If you need additional help citing your journal articles, our APA reference generator is an revising APA citation maker that will cite your sources automatically for you. Page numbers: If article is third world debt relief only one page long, use ‘p.’ For any article longer than one page, use ‘pp.’ If an article appears is on non-sequential pages, separate each page number with a comma. Example: pp. D4, D5, D7-D8 APA referencing does NOT require you to include the date of access for electronic sources. Author, F. I. (Year, Month Day Published). Title of article. Title of Newspaper , page range.

Frost, L. (2006, September 14). First passengers ride monster jet. The Salt Lake Tribune , A2. You may be wondering what to do if you find your newspaper article on a database. Author, F. I. (Year, Month Date Published).

Title of article . Title of Newspaper. Retrieved from newspaper homepage URL. Whiteside, K. (2004, August 31). College athletes want cut of action. Revising? USA Today . Retrieved http://www.usatoday.com. Author Last Name, F. I. Of The Cold Wa? (Year, Month Published). Title of article.

Title of Magazine, Volume (Issue), page range. Revising Essays? Quammen, D. (2008, December). The man who wasn’t Darwin. National Geographic Magazine, 214 (6), 106. Author Last Name, F. I. Kippur Paper Research? (Year, Month Date Published). Article title. Retrieved from URL. Example of an revising APA format website: Austerlitz, S. (2015, March 3). How long can a spinoff like ‘Better Call Saul’ last? Retrieved from http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/how-long-can-a-spinoff-like-better-call-saul-last/

Last name, First initial. (Year, Month, Date of of the cold blog post). Title of blog post [Blog post]. Retrieved from URL of blog post. McClintock Miller, S. (2014, January 28). EasyBib joins the Rainbow Loom project as we dive into research with the third graders [Blog post].

Retrieved from http://vanmeterlibraryvoice.blogspot.com. On our APA citation machine form for revising essays, blogs, you have the option to third world debt essay, choose from revising standard, audio, and help video blogs. Citation Machine’s APA generator will automatically cite your blog sources for you. Revising? Writer Last Name, F. I. (Writer), Director Last Name, F. I. (Director). (Year aired). Tutors? Title of episode [Television or Radio series episode]. Revising? In Producer Last Name, F. Causes And Consequences Wa? I. Revising? (Executive producer), TV or Radio series name . City, State of original channel: Channel. Lin, K. (Writer), Coles, J. D. (Director). (2014).

Chapter 18 [Television series episode]. In Bays, C. (Executive producer), House of cards . Washington, D.C.: Netflix. If using Citation Machine’s APA generator,television and radio broadcasts use the same form. Producer Last Name, F. I. (Producer), Director Last Name, F. Ankit Thesis? I. (Director). (Year Released). Title of film [Motion picture]. Country of origin: Studio. Bender, L. Essays? (Producer), Tarantino, Q. (Director). (1994). Pulp fiction [Motion Picture].

United States: Miramax. There is the option to automatically cite films found online, in film, and on a database when using Citation Machine’s APA citation builder. It is highly recommended not to use personal (unpublished) interviews in relief essay your reference list. Instead, this type of source should be formatted as an in-text or parenthetical citation. However, here is an revising example of an in-text citation for a personal interview in APA: Structure: (Interviewee F .I., Last Name, personal communication, Date Interviewed) Example: (D. Halsey, personal communication, December 12, 2011) Published Interviews should be cited accordingly if they appear as journal articles, newspaper articles, television programs, radio programs, or films. If your instructor requires a citation in the reference list, use the following structure: Author Last Name, F. I. (Year, Month Date Interviewed). Interview type [email, phone, personal interview, personal interview with [third party FI Last Name]. Halsey, D. (2011, December 12). Personal Interview.

If you are planning on ankit, using Citation Machine’s APA formatter, a note is displayed above the form stating that personal interviews are not typically cited in text. Our APA format generator creates in-text citations and full reference citations for you. Revising? Songs Musical Recordings found Online. *Note: If the name of the personal songwriter is the same as the name of the recording artist, leave out the bracketed information located after the name of the song. Last name, First initial. Middle initial. of songwriter. (Year created). Song title [Recorded by First initial. Middle initial. Last name of the performer’s name or the name of the band].

On Album Title [Medium]. Retrieved from URL. Hedfors, A., Ingrosso, S., Angello, S. (2012). Greyhound [Recorded by Swedish House Mafia]. Essays? On Until Now [Audio file]. Retrieved from https://open.spotify.com/track/0VffaI2jwQknRrxpECYHsF. If using our APA citation machine, choose the form titled, “Music/Audio,” to automatically cite your songs and musical recordings. Our APA citation maker is an APA format generator that is free and easy to of the cold, use. Revising? Doctoral Dissertations found on kippur war yom, a Database: Last name, First initial.

Middle initial. (Year published). Title of revising essays dissertation or thesis (Doctoral dissertation or Master’s thesis). Retrieved from Name of database. (Accession or Order No. xxxxxxx). English, L. S. (2014). The influences of community college library characteristics on institutional graduation rates: A national study (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from American Doctoral Dissertations. (37CDD15DF659E63F). On our APA citation machine, there is a form for dissertations that will cite this source type for you. Last name, First initial. (Producer). And Consequences Of The? (Year, Month Day). Essays? Title of podcast [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from URL. Goodwin, G. (Producer). (2016, February 11).

History extra [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from http://www.historyextra.com/podcasts. If using Citation Machine’s APA format generator, choose the “Blog/Podcast,” form to cite your podcasts automatically. Paper Research War Yom? Last name, First initial. [YouTube username]. Revising? (Year, Month, Day of posting). Title of YouTube video [Video file]. Retrieved from URL. Damien, M. [Marcelo Damien]. World Relief Essay? (2014, April 10). Tiesto @ Ultra Buenos Aires 2014 (full set) [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/mr4TDnR0ScM.

If using our APA citation machine, choose the form titled, “Film” to automatically cite your YouTube videos. Looking for a source type that is not on this guide? Here is another useful link to follow. An APA annotated bibliography is a bibliography that includes the essays full reference citations in addition to a small paragraph containing your evaluation about each source. When creating your citations, there is a field at the bottom of each form to add your own annotations. Looking to create an Causes of the APA format title page? Head to Citation Machine’s homepage and choose “Title Page” at the top of the screen. A written work or composition found in print, or digitally as an e-book. Can be non-fiction or fiction. A popular work published periodically (weekly, monthly etc.) focusing on essays, a specific interest or subject. A periodical publication containing current events, news, interviews and opinion articles.

A collection of pages that provides information about a certain topic. A scholarly work published periodically, containing highly specified research. A motion picture or movie. Can be a fictional movie, documentary or even YouTube videos. Copyright © 2000 - 2017 by Citation Machine™, a Chegg Service.

Citation Machine™ uses the 7th ed. of MLA, 6th ed. of APA, and 16th ed. of Chicago (8th ed. Turabian).

Sr. Manager, Ccar Model Oversight - Unsecured Portfolio. Long Island City , NY 11109. Primary Location: United States,New York,Long Island City + Other Location: United States,New York,New York + Job Function: Risk Management + Travel Time: Yes, 10 % of the Time + Description We are looking for a senior modeler to revising essays, provide oversight to essays by clive james, our unsecured CCAR loss estimation modeling and results evaluation. This role will entail providing research and support for how we should approach modeling losses for CCAR for revising essays our unsecured portfolios based on industry best practice and regulatory guidance. Qualifications Advanced Degree (Bachelor's Degree Required, Master's Degree Preferred) in Statistics, Applied Mathematics, Operations Research, Statistics, Economics, Engineering, or other highly technical quantitative discipline Is an experienced risk management professional with at least 5+ years in the Financial Services industry covering unsecured portfolios; Extensive experience in performing and leading quantitative analysis, statistical modeling, loss forecasting, loan loss reserve modeling, stress testing, Basel and kippur research (especially) econometric modeling of consumer credit risk. Has had an revising, active leadership role in successfully executing the analytical components of an econometric modeling-driven stress loss process Advanced Econometric modeling skills using SAS or other statistical software. Create a job alert for Sr. Essay. Manager, Ccar Model Oversight - Unsecured Portfolio at Long Island City, NY. Great!

You'll now receive job alerts for Sr. Manager, Ccar Model Oversight - Unsecured Portfolio at Long Island City, NY. Create a job alert for Sr. Revising Essays. Manager, Ccar Model Oversight - Unsecured Portfolio at Long Island City, NY. Director Ccar Model Oversight Unsecured Portfolio. Posted 24 hours ago. VIEW JOBS 10/5/2017 12:00:00 AM 2018-01-03T00:00 + **Primary Location:** United States,New York,Long Island City + **Other Location:** United States,New York,New York + **Education:** Bachelor's Degree + **Job Function:** Risk Management + **Schedule:** Full-time + **Shift:** Day Job + **Employee Status:** Regular + **Travel Time:** Yes, 10 % of the Time + **Job ID:** 16043788 **Description** Citi, the leading global bank, has approximately 200 million customer accounts and does business in dissertation help tutors, more than 160 countries and jurisdictions. Essays. Citi provides consumers, corporations, governments and ankit institutions with a broad range of financial products and services, including consumer banking and revising credit, corporate and research war yom investment banking, securities brokerage, transaction services, and wealth management.

Our core activities are safeguarding assets, lending money, making payments and accessing the capital markets on behalf of revising our clients. Citi’s Mission and essays james Value Proposition at http://www.citigroup.com/citi/about/mission-and-value-proposition.html explains what we do and Citi Leadership Standards at http://www.citigroup.com/citi/about/leadership-standards.html explain how we do it. Essays. Our mission is to essay, serve as a trusted partner to our clients by responsibly providing financial services that enable growth and economic progress. We strive to earn and maintain our clients’ and the public’s trust by constantly adhering to the highest ethical standards and making a positive impact on the communities we serve. Our Leadership Standards is a common set of skills and revising expected behaviors that illustrate how our employees should work every day to be successful and essays james strengthens our ability to execute against our strategic priorities. Diversity is a key business imperative and essays a source of dissertation tutors strength at Citi. We serve clients from every walk of life, every background and every origin. Our goal is to have our workforce reflect this same diversity at all levels. Citi has made it a priority to essays, foster a culture where the best people want to work, where individuals are promoted based on merit, where we value and demand respect for others and where opportunities to dissertation tutors, develop to are widely available to all.

We are looking for an executive level modeler to provide oversight to our unsecured CCAR loss estimation modeling and results evaluation. Revising Essays. This role will entail defining how we should approach modeling losses for CCAR for our unsecured portfolios based on industry best practice and regulatory guidance. Paper Research War Yom. This role will provide risk oversight across all unsecured products globally. The role requires frequent contact and interaction with Model Development teams, Model Validation group, and revising essays CCAR planning and governance units. The position requires a unique perspective on the management of unsecured products in particular, and risk management at ankit somani thesis Citi Consumer in general that spans all risk types (that includes lending, operational, market, compliance, reputational) • Comprehensive understanding of industry best practice and essays regulatory expectations on kippur research, model development. Essays. Fully understand SR11-7, and abreast with the latest CCAR guidelines and expectations. • Extensive understanding of unsecured products—structures, industry mechanics, risks, analytical tools. • Extensive experience with industry best practice modeling techniques and demonstrable skills in rapid development, prototyping, benchmarking, and personal assessment paper empirical analysis. • Perform or direct research to challenge, support, or improve modeling approaches. Prototype or guide development of benchmark or confirming models • Review and dissect forecasts and their drivers • Analyzes the impact of changes in macroeconomic indicators on portfolio/business performance. Revising Essays. Proficient in scenario analysis. • Direct experience in managing unsecured products through crises/economic cycles • Proficient in using MIS to manage risk. • Experienced negotiator (internally and third world relief essay externally). Well -developed influencing skills. • Regularly communicates and ensures key messages are cascaded throughout the revising, organization. **Qualifications** • Advanced Degree (Bachelor's Degree Required, Master's Degree Preferred) in Statistics, Applied Mathematics, Operations Research, Statistics, Economics, Engineering, or other highly technical quantitative discipline • Is an experienced risk management professional with at least 8+ years in the Financial Services industry covering unsecured portfolios; • Extensive experience in performing and leading quantitative analysis, statistical modeling, loss forecasting, loan loss reserve modeling, Basel and (especially) econometric modeling of consumer credit risk.

Has had an active leadership role in kippur paper war yom, successfully executing the analytical components of an econometric modeling-driven stress loss process • Advanced Econometric modeling skills using SAS or other statistical software. Proficient with data analysis using SAS, SQL, or other software. Revising Essays. • Proven ability to lead and ankit accomplish through both influence and oversight organizational constructs • Experience in delivering technical presentations to and managing examinations and ongoing relationships with external regulators (e.g., FRB, OCC, FDIC) and revising essays internal audit functions • Excellent written and verbal communication skills with significant presentation assembly for and delivery to senior and executive level audiences. • Candidates who have performed comparable functions to those listed above for significant, complex financial institutions at a consulting company, vendor, or service provider would be strongly considered as well. • Demonstrated strong leadership experience, especially in transitioning or challenged environments (including strong facilitation skills) Citi Long Island City NY. Ccar RWA Forecasting Analytics Regulatory Risk M. Posted 24 hours ago. VIEW JOBS 10/5/2017 12:00:00 AM 2018-01-03T00:00 + **Primary Location:** United States,New York,Long Island City + **Education:** Bachelor's Degree + **Job Function:** Risk Management + **Schedule:** Full-time + **Shift:** Day Job + **Employee Status:** Regular + **Travel Time:** Yes, 10 % of the ankit, Time + **Job ID:** 16050246 **Description** Citi, the leading global bank, has approximately 200 million customer accounts and does business in more than 160 countries and jurisdictions. Citi provides consumers, corporations, governments and institutions with a broad range of financial products and services, including consumer banking and credit, corporate and investment banking, securities brokerage, transaction services, and wealth management. Our core activities are safeguarding assets, lending money, making payments and accessing the capital markets on revising, behalf of our clients.

Citi’s Mission and Value Proposition at http://www.citigroup.com/citi/about/mission-and-value-proposition.html explains what we do and Citi Leadership Standards at http://www.citigroup.com/citi/about/leadership-standards.html explain how we do it. Our mission is to serve as a trusted partner to somani thesis, our clients by responsibly providing financial services that enable growth and essays economic progress. We strive to and consequences wa, earn and maintain our clients’ and the public’s trust by constantly adhering to the highest ethical standards and revising making a positive impact on the communities we serve. Our Leadership Standards is a common set of help tutors skills and expected behaviors that illustrate how our employees should work every day to revising essays, be successful and strengthens our ability to execute against our strategic priorities Diversity is a key business imperative and a source of strength at Citi. We serve clients from every walk of life, every background and every origin. Our goal is to have our workforce reflect this same diversity at all levels.

Citi has made it a priority to foster a culture where the growth assessment, best people want to work, where individuals are promoted based on merit, where we value and revising essays demand respect for others and where opportunities to develop are widely available to all. Research War Yom. Join the Citi’s Risk Governance Group team to revising, support its regulatory stress testing initiatives (CCAR and DFAST efforts) in essays james, response regulatory guidelines. Revising. CCAR RWA forecasting is a critical function within risk organization which oversees RWA forecasting for all business lines. This task involves understanding of business and finance forecasting, and paper research then apply algorithm to estimate the forecasted RWA numbers. Forecasted number is a great forward looking indicator on revising essays, the amount of future regulatory capital necessary during a stressed or severely stressed economic environment, which goes as an input to Citi’s capital planning exercise and personal assessment paper CCAR Fed reporting. Revising Essays. This role will offer significant exposure to senior management on aspects of the dissertation help tutors, firm's capital adequacy and stress-testing activities as they relate to RWA projections reviews with the Business, Independent Risk and Finance specifically relating to Wholesale Credit Risk. The role will partner extensively with colleagues across risk, finance, model development, model validation and line of business functions on essays, the capital stress testing processes. **The candidate will be responsible for:** + Calculating Risk Weighted Assets projections for ankit somani Securitization exposures consisting of both Banking and Trading book using Basel III Advanced and revising essays Standardized approaches + Partnering with Model development teams, analyze macroeconomic variables and ankit somani articulate their inter-relationships with the forecasted risk parameters. Document the revising essays, inter-relationship in a business-friendly language in dissertation, a crisp and concise manner + Performing quantitative analysis and assess relevancy of the key risk weight parameters such as Delinquency, Tranche parameters forecasted by the Model development teams + Review risk exposure calculations and forecasts for Basel, CCAR and DFAST requirements + Define andPerform attribution analysis of essays various risk parameters used for RWA forecasting + Provide Business inputs for the aspects related to implementation of Risk Weighted Assets forecasting, attribution analysis and regulatory reporting + Prepare high quality presentations of RWA projections key stakeholders like such as Business, Finance and Independent Risk Management + Continuously improve subject matter expertise relating to Basel III regulatory guidelines and financial products in the business areas to kippur research, become a trusted advisor to the work stream leads, acting as a partner in delivering RWA analysis and articulating them in revising, presentations to of the cold wa, seniors in a crisp and concise manner + Creation of Senior Management-ready materials, particularly CCAR presentations to Lines of Businesses, Independent Risk Management, Finance and Regulators + Develop a strong working relationship with the Businesses, Finance, Technology, Audit, Independent risk across the essays, organization **Qualifications** + Comprehensive of CCAR requirements and processes –abreast with the latest CCAR guidelines, understanding the by clive, data, oversee the submissions, synthesize the submissions, coordinating with other work streams + Strong understanding of US Basel III regulatory guidelines and hands on revising essays, experience with RWA calculations with specific reference to third world relief essay, Securitization + Working knowledge of SSFA, SFA processes and calculations for different types of securitization exposures with asset classes like RMBS, ABS, CMBS, CLO and revising essays CDO. Dissertation Help. + Possess high level of quantitative analysis and essays data interpretation skills + Experience in Risk is strongly preferred: Regulatory reporting, CCAR, DFAST, Market Risk, Credit Risk are all highly desirable areas of expertise + Ability to define, articulate and re-engineer complex processes and procedures, with appropriate controls, and think both strategically and relief tactically while driving meticulous execution + Able to navigate through large organizations to streamline and summarize multiple information points; create repeatable process to build consistency in presenting information + Exceptional oral communication and writing skills, with ability to synthesize complex concepts, and translate into user-friendly language for multiple audiences, including senior management, multiple internal constituents and regulators + Strong analytical and quantitative skills + Ability to quickly assimilate and analyze large amounts of information + Ability to manage multiple priorities and tasks, escalate or voice concerns or questions and exhibit strong people skills + Enjoy variability in workload, particularly in a wide range of quantitative and non-quantitative projects. + Ability to manage multiple priorities and tasks, work well as part of a team, and exhibit strong people and influencing skills + Strong attention to detail, ability to essays, produce a polished, high quality, accurate product; tireless work ethic with ability to work well under pressure + Solid Microsoft Excel skills and the ability to somani, quickly develop advanced knowledge of MS Excel and revising Access (or other database front end query applications). + Organizational savviness with ability to expand internal network across functions and various levels of seniority + 6 - 10 years’ experience in related field Citi Long Island City NY. Posted 24 hours ago.

VIEW JOBS 10/5/2017 12:00:00 AM 2018-01-03T00:00 + **Primary Location:** United States,New York,Long Island City + **Education:** Bachelor's Degree + **Job Function:** Risk Management + **Schedule:** Full-time + **Shift:** Day Job + **Employee Status:** Regular + **Travel Time:** Yes, 10 % of the Time + **Job ID:** 17065957 **Description** **About Citi** Citi, the leading global bank, has approximately 200 million customer accounts and does business in more than 160 countries and jurisdictions. Tutors. Citi provides consumers, corporations, governments and institutions with a broad range of financial products and services, including consumer banking and credit, corporate and essays investment banking, securities brokerage, transaction services, and dissertation tutors wealth management. Our core activities are safeguarding assets, lending money, making payments and accessing the capital markets on revising, behalf of our clients. Citi’s Mission and assessment Value Proposition at revising essays http://www.citigroup.com/citi/about/mission-and-value-proposition.html explains what we do and Citi Leadership Standards at http://www.citigroup.com/citi/about/leadership-standards.html explain how we do it. Our mission is to serve as a trusted partner to our clients by Causes and consequences of the cold wa, responsibly providing financial services that enable growth and economic progress. Essays. We strive to ankit somani, earn and maintain our clients’ and the public’s trust by constantly adhering to the highest ethical standards and making a positive impact on the communities we serve. Our Leadership Standards is a common set of skills and expected behaviors that illustrate how our employees should work every day to revising, be successful and kippur paper research war yom strengthens our ability to execute against our strategic priorities. Diversity is a key business imperative and a source of strength at Citi. We serve clients from every walk of life, every background and revising essays every origin. Our goal is to have our workforce reflect this same diversity at all levels.

Citi has made it a priority to essays, foster a culture where the revising essays, best people want to personal growth assessment, work, where individuals are promoted based on merit, where we value and revising essays demand respect for others and where opportunities to develop are widely available to all. The role is james a member of the Policy and Document Management team within Model Risk Management – Model Governance. Essays. Model Governance is kippur responsible for revising essays firm-wide model strategy, updating and ankit maintaining policy, interfacing with regulators and Internal Audit, project management of remediation, training, quality control and assurance (i.e., attestations management, exceptions management). Essays. This position involves interaction with MRM senior management and subject matter experts, and provides a unique perspective on the management of model risk at Citi, spanning all businesses, risk and product areas. In particular, this position is responsible for: • Establishment, review, revision, and update of model documentation used during the model lifecycle (e.g., model development documentation templates, model validation report templates, annual model review template) in partnership with subject matter experts; • Ongoing documentation management (e.g., gold copy version control, obtain approvals for research war yom new or revised templates, post approved templates to documentation repositories); • Collaborate with team members to essays, develop procedures for model documentation processes (e.g., annual model review procedures, model change procedures) • Oversight, review and kippur war yom maintenance of the documentation catalog • Contribute to essays, the implementation of ankit strategic initiatives • Provide support and backup to essays, the Policy and Documentation Management team in the delivery of its mandate **Qualifications** Knowledge /Experience • A Bachelor’s or higher degree in a discipline such as Finance, Accounting, Engineering, Statistics, or Mathematics preferred and 5+ years relevant experience • Experience in working with regulatory authorities and internal / external auditors • Strong understanding of risks and somani controls across multiple product types and revising essays businesses • Strong communication skills, both verbal and written - ability to express and communicate concisely and clearly • Ability to paper war yom, manage multiple tasks and work effectively under pressure in a rapidly changing environment • Strong analytical and problem solving skills • Ability to identify root causes of problems and anticipate horizon issues • Strong interpersonal skills, ability to revising, work well with team and deal with staff across multiple disciplines • Strong organizational skills and attention to detail • Proficient in ankit, MS Office (Word, Excel and PowerPoint) Citi Long Island City NY. Sr. Essays. Manager, Ccar Model Oversight - Unsecured Portfolio. 1. Resume Copy paste or upload your resume. 2. Cover Letter (Optional) 2. Cover Letter (Optional)

Attached Cover Letter. 2. Cover Letter (Optional) Copy paste or upload your cover letter. Don’t have a cover letter? Build one now! We will save your jobs while you are here, but once you leave, they will be discarded. To save your jobs for when you return, please sign in. Mighty Recruiter Mighty Recruiter. Customer Service Customer Service.

800-652-8430 Mon- Fri 8am - 8pm CST. Sat 8am - 5pm CST, Sun 10am - 6pm CST Stay in touch with us.