Bind my thesis ireland

body essay start In this introductory lesson you will find some guidance on how you should write an#xa0; IELTS essay . My Thesis! There are then more lessons on the following pages for different types of essay and different questions, with lots of tips and strategies for achieving a high score.#xa0; It is important to learn about IELTS essays because there are different essay types, and these will require different ways to about, answer them. However, as you will see from the guidance on this page, they can all follow the same basic structure. These are some of the types of IELTS essays you can get in the test:#xa0; Not every essay will fit one of bind, these patterns, but many do. You may get some of these tasks mixed up. For example, you could be asked to give your opinion on an issue, and then discuss the advantages or disadvantages of it. The golden rule is to#xa0; ALWAYS read the question very carefully #xa0;to see exactly what you are being asked to do. The second lesson explains more about analysing essay questions.#xa0; In order to answer this, lets first look at a sample question: You should spend about 40 minutes on xenophobia essay this task. Write about the following topic: In the last 20 years there have been significant developments in the field of information technology (IT), for example the bind my thesis, World Wide Web and communication by essay+the+things+i+carry email.

However, these developments in bind my thesis ireland, IT are likely to have more negative effects than positive in the future. Write For Services! To what extent do you agree with this view? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge. Write at my thesis, least 250 words. An IELTS essay is structured like any other essay; you just need to make it shorter. There are three key elements: We will look at each of these in turn, using the essay question above as an example.

You should keep your introduction for essay+the+things+i+carry the IELTS essay short. Bind Ireland! Remember you only have 40 minutes to uci thesis, write the essay, and some of this time needs to bind my thesis, be spent planning. Therefore, you need to be able to and juliet, write your introduction fairly quickly so you can start writing your body paragraphs. Ireland! You should do just two things: State the essay, topic of the essay, using some basic facts (that you may be able to take from the bind my thesis, question) Say what you are going to write about. Here is an example introduction for uci thesis the above essay question about my thesis ireland IT: The last two decades have seen enormous changes in the way people's lives are affected by IT , with many advances in the importance of, this field. However, while these technological advances have brought many benefits to the world, it can be argued that these developments in IT will result in bind, more negative impacts than positive. As you can see, the xenophobia, first sentence makes sure it refers to the topic (IT) and uses facts about IT taken from the question. Note that these are paraphrased - you must not copy from the rubric! The second part then clearly sets out the what the bind my thesis, essay will be about and confirms the writers opinion (some questions may not ask for your opinion, but this one does). For an IELTS essay, you should have 2 or 3 body paragraphs - no more, and no less.

For your body paragraph, each paragraph should contain one controlling idea, and have sentences to support this. Lets look at the first paragraph for the essay about IT. The essay is about the benefits and essay+the+things+i+carry, drawbacks of bind ireland, IT, so these will need to be discussed in separate paragraphs. Here is the essay+the+things+i+carry, first body paragraph: To begin, email has made communication, especially abroad, much simpler and faster , resulting in numerous benefits for commerce and business. Furthermore, the World Wide Web means that information on every conceivable subject is now available to us . For example, people can access news, medical advice, online education courses and much more via the internet. It is evident that these improvements have made life far easier and more convenient for large numbers of people and will continue to do so for decades to come.

The controlling idea in this first paragraph is the ' benefits of IT ', and there are two supporting ideas, which are underlined. No drawbacks are discussed as the paragraph would then lose coherence. Most of the essay will focus on the negative aspects of IT, as the writer says there are more negative effects in the introduction. So the bind, next two paragraphs are about these. The topic sentence in the next paragraph therefore tells us we are changing the focus to the negative points: Nevertheless, the effects of this new technology have not all been beneficial. For example, many people feel that the widespread use of email is xenophobia, destroying traditional forms of communication such as letter writing, telephone and face-to-face conversation. This could result in a decline in people's basic ability to socialize and interact with each other on a day-to-day basis. The final body paragraph gives the last negative effect: In addition, the large size of the Web has meant that it is bind my thesis, nearly impossible to xenophobia essay, regulate and control. This has led to many concerns regarding children accessing unsuitable websites and viruses.

Unfortunately, this kind of problem might even get worse in ireland, the future at how to write, least until more regulated systems are set up. Ireland! The conclusion only needs to essay+the+things+i+carry, be one or two sentences, and you can do the following: Re-state what the essay is about (re-write the last sentence of your introduction in different words) Give some thoughts about the future. Here is an example: In conclusion, developments in IT have brought many benefits, yet I believe developments relating to new technology are likely to produce many negative effects in the future that must be addressed if we are to avoid damaging impacts on individuals and society. The last two decades have seen enormous changes in bind ireland, the way people's lives are affected by how to for services IT, with many advances in this field. However, while these technological advances have brought many benefits to the world, it can be argued that these developments in IT will result in more negative impacts than positive. To begin, email has made communication, especially abroad, much simpler and faster, resulting in bind my thesis ireland, numerous benefits for commerce and statement about the importance, business. Furthermore, the bind my thesis ireland, World Wide Web means that information on every conceivable subject is now available to us. For example, people can access news, medical advice, online education courses and much more via the internet. It is evident that these improvements have made life far easier and more convenient for large numbers of people and write for services, will continue to do so for decades to come. Nevertheless, the effects of this new technology have not all been beneficial. For example, many people feel that the widespread use of email is destroying traditional forms of communication such as letter writing, telephone and face-to-face conversation.

This could result in a decline in people's basic ability to socialize and interact with each other on a day-to-day basis. In addition, the large size of the Web has meant that it is nearly impossible to my thesis ireland, regulate and control. This has led to many concerns regarding children accessing unsuitable websites and uci thesis, viruses. Unfortunately, this kind of problem might even get worse in the future at least until more regulated systems are set up. In conclusion, developments in bind my thesis, IT have brought many benefits, yet I believe developments relating to new technology are likely to produce many negative effects in the future that must be addressed if we are to thesis about, avoid damaging impacts on bind ireland individuals and society. The IELTS essay introduction talks in general about the increasing use of IT, thus introducing the topic well.

The thesis then clearly sets out the essay+the+things+i+carry, writers opinion. The following paragraph mentions the present benefits of these developments, but the opening sentence in the third paragraph is a qualifying statement ( Nevertheless, not all the effects. ..), so the writer can now focus on the negative elements. The fourth paragraph provides two other negative examples ( lack of bind, regulation, viruses ). Romeo And Juliet! Both paragraphs suggest that these problems will continue in the future. The essay concludes with a clear opinion that agrees with the statement. Overall, it is a well-balanced text that mentions the present situation (. this has made life . ) but importantly, also refers to the future of IT (. likely to increase. . Bind! might get worse . ). Latex! Have you found this page useful? Then you may be interested in bind my thesis ireland, IELTS buddy's Task 2 eBook , full of tips and strategies for quickly achieving a high score in the IELTS test. Now you know the basics of writing an thesis about of IELTS Essay, you can go on and look at further sample essays or if you prefer, check out the next lessons for Writing Task 2. Home ۼ IELTS Essay. October 2017 - Finding Line Graph Mistakes.

Oct 04, 17 09:06 AM. These sentences describing the my thesis, line graph are wrong. It could be a grammar error or it could just not reflect what is uci thesis latex, shown in the graph. My Thesis! Identify. Oct 02, 17 12:12 PM. You are going to another country to about, study. You would like to do a part-time job while you are studying, so you want to ask a friend who lives there for. September 2017 - Brainstorming and Planning an Essay. Oct 01, 17 04:32 PM.

I sent you an essay question last Friday and asked you to come up with a plan to bind, answer the question. This was the essay question: The best way to understand. Brainstorming and Planning an Essay. Writing a Thesis Statement. Writing an purdue IELTS Essay Conclusion.

IELTS Books to get you the score you need. Copyright and copy; IELTSbuddy 2011-2017 All rights reserved#xa0;

Part 8 - Examples of Good and Bad Writing. Learning to write often works best by example. Bind My Thesis! The following are excerpts from nine first-year student essays. Most of the latex, examples are bad, although I did find a two good examples in the bunch. In most cases, the names and dates from the essays have been changed to bind my thesis not compromise the subject matter for statement and juliet future students (in other words, don't use any of the apparent research information here in your papers). I have tried to my thesis categorize the errors as best as I could. Errors or bad portions are usually bolded to help you identify them. Smith was a religious, Christian man. His notion of monads included contextual references to God. He believed that God controls the harmony of life through these monads. The essay then goes on to discuss these monads in a Christian context.

Had the essay+the+things+i+carry, student omitted the above sentences, however, the bind my thesis, discussion of religion would have been completely out of place, given the write for services, essay's topic. But since the person being discussed had religious views that affected his theories and work, it is relevant to mention the bind ireland, religious aspect. Had Smith's religion not been a direct influence on his work, it would have been irrelevant. Similarly, you wouldn't mention other things about someone in an essay if it wasn't relevant to the topic. For example, it is irrelevant to mention a scientist's race in an essay about their discovery unless the race impacted the discovery. An example of this might be if a black scientist's prime motivation to find a cure for purdue sickle cell anemia was because that disease strikes black people in proportionally higher numbers. If the same scientist was researching some aspect of physics, it would probably not be relevant to mention the bind my thesis ireland, race at all. An introductory paragraph: On March 4, 1849, John Smith was born to Anna Bradcock Smith and James Smith. Although certainly not of humble origins, John was acquainted with several prominent and influential men of politics with whom he discussed matters of purdue owl essays, mathematics, history, science, logic, law, and theology. Smith was brilliant in bind my thesis each of these fields, but he became known particularly for his contributions in the fields of philosophy, mathematics, and logistics.

This paper will not only essay+the+things+i+carry, shed light on some of Smith's theories and words regarding these three areas, but will also tell of the bind my thesis ireland, events in his life that made him the man that he was. This is the introduction to a chronologically-ordered essay about Smith's life and discoveries. As such, the latex, choice to begin with his date of birth is a good one. Bind My Thesis! The paragraph summarizes the fields touched by Smith and xenophobia, also mentions the key areas he studied. The paper sets up an expectation for the reader of both a detailed explanation of Smith's discoveries and anecdotes describing his personality. The sentence structure is grammatically sound and bind my thesis, flows well. In the late 1650's , Smith's mother returned to London , she then pulled him out of school with the intent to how to for services make him a farmer . Apostrophes indicate possessiveness or contractions, not plurality. The decade is the 1650s.

The sentence is a run-on. It should either end after London, beginning a new sentence with She then, or the she then should be changed to and. Ireland! To make someone a farmer is to essay+the+things+i+carry create a farmer for them. The student meant: to bind my thesis turn him into a farmer or to encourage him to be a farmer. Smith invented the widgetiscope and paved the way for future widget watching. All-the-while remaining a simple and humble man who considered himself to be part of a team working for write the greater good. The bolded part is not a complete sentence. The entire thing should be one sentence. All-the-while does not require hyphenation. The two differing approaches of development already described, eventually led to the development of the two original branches of widgetry; fingleish and fnordleish.

This sentence is bind, mispunctuated. The comma is confusing and should be removed, and comparing, the semicolon should be a colon. Another of Smith's ideas was the method of differentiation. The university re-opened after the bind my thesis, plague in 1667. Smith was elected to a minor fellowship, and awarded a major fellowship after he received his Master's Degree (Bogus 4). After the realization that Calculus was important, and was being recognized, a document to essay+the+things+i+carry record all of the theories became a necessity.

The Methodis Differantium, the document that contained the elements of the theory of differentiation, was created in 1667. Smith believed he was being pulled in two directions when it came to bind ireland publishing his theories and making his work known. He felt a need for fame and fortune, yet on the other hand he had an abundant fear of rejection. To the dismay of many future mathematicians, it was never published because of Smith's fear of essay, criticism. Since he was not focusing on publishing his work, Smith pursued his career as a professor. This so-called paragraph is an utter mess.

There are far too many ideas in it, all of which are strung together haphazardly without any logical flow. I'll try to dissect and rewrite it, but I won't make errors bold because the ireland, entire paragraph would be bold if I did. First, let's pick out the different topics being addressed: the method of differentiation the university re-opening after the plague Smith's ascension through the university ranks the need of a document detailing differentiation, which was eventually created Smith's mental state, desires and fears. Now, if we replace each sentence with the number of the corresponding idea, we can see what a jumbled mess this is: 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 3. Don't introduce a paragraph with one topic and then leap to another topic in essay+the+things+i+carry the next sentence. My Thesis! While it may sometimes be necessary to mention something as an aside to complement the topic, the return to owl essays the topic should be swift and easy to understand. My Thesis Ireland! Don't bounce around within the paragraph as this student has done. Another problem: there doesn't seem to thesis comparing be a coherent timeline within the bind my thesis ireland, paragraph.

Did the university re-open in 1667, or was the plague in 1667? Is the student saying that Smith was elected to a minor fellowship that year or another year? Similarly, when did the write, major fellowship and Master's Degree come in? It's unlikely to have all happened in bind one year, though it is possible. The document was created in xenophobia 1667, it seems, but when did Smith decide not to publish and seek work as a professor instead? Also 1667? It sounds like that was a very busy year for poor Smith! The sentences themselves are also awkwardly constructed, making the entire thing hard to understand. I'll make some assumptions regarding the confusing date information.

Here is how this information should have been presented: Smith's ideas on the method of differentiation were gaining recognition in the mathematical community, which made it necessary for bind my thesis ireland him to produce a document detailing all of his theories on the subject. Essay! Thus, when the university re-opened in my thesis 1667 following the plague and Smith was elected to a minor fellowship, he wrote Methodis Differantium. Although Smith wished to a contract attain fame and ireland, fortune, he also feared rejection. This dichotomy resulted in how to a contract his failure to publish Methodis Differantium; a failure that would be mourned by mathematicians well into the future. Still, Smith was awarded a major fellowship after receiving his Master's Degree in [insert year].

Since he was not interested in publishing his work, he concentrated instead on pursuing a position as a professor. Queen Esmerelda knighted Jones in 1705 to be given the title of Sir Joe Smith, which made him the first scientist to be so honored for his work (Bogus) . The phrase to be given is awkward here. It would be better written: Queen Esmerelda knighted Jones in 1705, which gave him the title of Sir. Who else could be honoured for Smith's work other than Smith? It should say: . which made him the bind my thesis, first man to be honored for scientific work. There probably should be a page number listed in the citation. Jones had a main idea of analytic geometry. What does this mean? Does the student mean that one of Jones' main ideas concerned analytic geometry? Does he mean that one of the main ideas of thesis statement, analytic geometry was conceived by Jones? Or does he mean something else entirely?

This makes little sense and is very awkward. Whether Smith made no use of the manuscript from which he had copied abstracts , or whether he had previously invented the bind my thesis, widgetiscope, are questions on which at this distance of time no direct evidence is available . If Smith made no use of the manuscript, he can't have used it to essay+the+things+i+carry copy abstracts. This is a very awkward way of saying that the bind my thesis ireland, events in question happened so long ago that there is no longer sufficient evidence to answer certain questions. Thesis Statement Comparing Romeo! It would be better written: Questions as to bind ireland whether Smith made further use of the manuscript from which he copied abstracts or whether he had previously invented the widgetiscope are rooted so far in the past that it is impossible to gather sufficient direct evidence to statement the importance of provide answers. This is bind ireland, still a bit awkward. It's best when broken up into smaller sentences: There are still questions as to whether Smith made further use of the manuscript from which he copied abstracts or whether he had previously invented the widgetiscope.

Such questions are rooted so far in the past, however, that it is impossible to gather sufficient direct evidence to provide answers. Smith formed a political plan to try to persuade the Germans to attack the French due to him not agreeing with their political agendas and this proved the means of essay+the+things+i+carry, his visiting Hamburg. Due to him not agreeing with is a very awkward way of saying: because he disagreed with. The second bolded part should be a separate sentence. Proved the means of his visiting is bind my thesis, a very awkward way of saying is romeo, why he visited.

Jones explained ideas too enormous to understand, and simplified problems too complex to approach. Not only is this hyperbole, it's also logically impossible. Bind My Thesis Ireland! If the ideas were too complicated to understand, Jones couldn't have understood them himself. If the problems were too complex to approach, Jones could not have approached them. Mismatched Words, Phrases, and Pronouns.

After marrying Elizabeth, Smith's father fell ill for several months. After no sign of recovery, a lawyer was summoned to the manor. A will was drawn up, including one hundred acres of land, the manor house, livestock, grain, and Smith Senior's death (Bogus 10). His mother gave birth to Smith three months after Smith senior died. Essay+the+things+i+carry! He was premature after suffering from illness due to the shock of her husband's passing during the bind, fall . The phrase after no sign of recovery is purdue, not properly attached to ireland Smith's father. Essay+the+things+i+carry! Instead, it is saying that the lawyer did not recover from something. A will does not include land, a house, etc. It states to whom such things are bequeathed. This should say: A will was drawn up leaving one hundred acres of land, the manor house, livestock and grain to my thesis [whomever]. Thesis Comparing Romeo! I don't even understand how and Smith Senior's death fits into this sentence.

His in the sentence His mother gave birth. refers to the antecedent Smith Senior. Thus, Smith Senior's mother gave birth to Smith Senior's son. That would necessitate incest, and is clearly not what the student meant to say. Bind My Thesis Ireland! They should have simply said Elizabeth gave birth. Who else but someone's mother gives birth to essay them anyway? Given the confusions regarding the various Smiths, it would have been better if the student had used first names during this part of the essay. There is inconsistency in capitalization.

It is Smith Senior once, and Smith senior another time. The he in he was premature again refers to the wrong antecedent. Smith Senior was not premature. Smith did not suffer illness due to the shock of Smith Senior's passing. Bind My Thesis! Elizabeth did. This sentence says that Smith suffered the illness. The student suddenly introduces the phrase during the fall when no other mention of the a contract, season has been made. My Thesis! This could be confused with Smith Senior dying from xenophobia, a fall. Lastly, the inverse relationship between area and the tangent were never attained. The relationship is singular, even though it refers to multiple elements.

Thus, the verb were should be singular as well, and changed to was. It was this century where many of the bind, worlds most honorable and highly respected mathematicians created what we know today as calculus. A century is not a place, it is how to write, a section of time. Say it is a place where. or a time when. In this case, It was this century when. Adding an 's' without an apostrophe in this case is pluralization, not indicative of bind my thesis, possession. The student means world's. But perhaps the write for services, largest obstacle , which the bind, Greeks could not overcome, were their insufficient number and xenophobia essay, measuring system . Were is plural, but obstacle and system are singular. It should be was.

Tragically at my thesis ireland the age of thesis statement the importance, six, Smith's father died. This says that Smith's father died at the age of six. The student means: Tragically, when Smith was six years old his father died. Jones, now familiar with Smith's discoveries, wrote Smith a letter soon after the publication of his discoveries. After the publication of whose discoveries: Jones' or Smith's? Jones reasoned that if he could calculate the angles of the projected colour, a new law of refraction could be made . People can make legal laws, but natural or scientific laws are discovered. To make a new law of refraction, Jones would have to alter physics. During the bind, seventeenth century, the inhabitants of England did not realize the importance of scientific advancement. Inhabitants could well mean non-human creatures, and comparing romeo, is thus a poor choice of a word.

Are we to bind ireland understand that ALL of the people in England failed to realize the importance of scientific advancement for xenophobia essay an entire century? It would have been better if the student had said most people in England. At the bind ireland, current time, the essay, dominant belief was that light traveled in wave . The current time is the moment the reader is reading the sentence. The student meant to say that the belief was such during the historical time period being discussed. Current should be omitted. The phrase in wave has an error. It should either be in waves or in a wave. Both may be correct, but such an error can be misunderstood if one is bind my thesis ireland, incorrect. This would likely have been caught if the student had read the statement romeo, paper out loud. Secondly, Jones' reliance on geometric algebra rather than symbolic notation created considerable impedance to the identification of bind my thesis, solutions of computational features found frequently to different problems. Here is an example of a student not knowing the proper meaning of a word.

Impedance means opposition to latex the flow of electric current. It does not mean the same as to impede, which is to be an obstacle. This could be an bind ireland instance where a student used the xenophobia, thesaurus in a word processor to ireland come up with a word without bothering to check if the xenophobia, word fit the context. It could also simply be that the student had mislearned the word themselves. Incidentally, a quick check of MS Word 97 shows synonyms to impedance to be obstruction, block, baffle, hindrance, breakwater, fin, and maze. So here is direct proof that you shouldn't always trust what a word processor thesaurus tells you is an equivalent word. Be diligent and look up unfamiliar words in the dictionary before using them in your essay. In studying widgetry, it serves as great importance that one is aware of the two systems of widgetry; fingleish and fnordleish.

Something does not serve as great importance, and one being aware doesn't fit either. This is a student trying to sound fancy but instead making no sense. The sentence should read: In studying widgetry, one should be aware of the two systems of widgetry; fingleish and bind, fnordleish. It was thought that Jones hated his stepfather and his mother, partly for abandoning him at such a young age. Who thought so? This entire statement, which implies something that cannot be proven and is thus not a basic fact, had no attribution in uci thesis the essay.

Since it was about someone historical and the student couldn't possibly have known this unless they got it from ireland, a source, it was plagiarism to essay+the+things+i+carry include it without attribution. Smith managed one friendship through this time and the value of that is always questioned. Who is questioning the value? There is no attribution to bind my thesis ireland explain who questions it or to prove that it is questioned by essay+the+things+i+carry anyone other than the ireland, student. Essay! What precisely is being questioned? The value of only having one friend, or the value of the my thesis, one friendship to Smith in particular? . which means that the cut in the # of points is equal to the degree of the curve. Using the # symbol instead of the word number is a bad short cut, and certainly inappropriate for a formal essay. Smith also helped to improve the a contract, scientific community ; his focus was mainly regarding widgetry. How does a focus on a subject help to improve a community? It might improve the understanding of the subject in the community, but does that improve the community itself?

This is a badly worded assertion. If it truly did benefit the scientific community as a whole, the student should cite a source demonstrating that to be the case. No attribution was present. In one day, John's attitude towards school changed for the better. A boy ranked just above him kicked him in bind ireland the stomach. At the end of the day John challenged the thesis statement about of, boy to a fight.

Even though John was much smaller than his opponent, his determination overtook the ireland, boy. Winning the write for services, fight was still not enough. My Thesis! John applied himself in class, and soon became the top student in the school. This entire paragraph introduces an uci thesis anecdote for bind my thesis the purpose of explaining what drove John to become a better student. Uci Thesis Latex! Incredibly, it manages to bind ireland completely fail to mention the relationship between the anecdote and John's new-found classroom enthusiasm. For Services! The relationship is ireland, implied and the reader can guess that John wished to beat the boy in more than just a physical fight, and thus worked hard to outrank the boy in the classroom, but that is not stated. The paragraph is very choppy and the sentences do not flow well. Read it out loud, and you'll hear how it sounds like a grade school book instead of a university essay. During this time, Smith constructed a water clock.

He constructed the clock out of an old box. This is choppy. It could be easily combined into one sentence. Jones became began to thesis statement and juliet study motion. This error was probably due to a sentence that once legitimately contained the word became being edited without became being removed. If the student had read the essay out loud or given it to my thesis ireland a friend to statement the importance read, this error likely would have been noticed. Yet, in 1679, Jones would discover that his initial calculation the my thesis ireland, Moon's distance from Earth was incorrect. Here is another example of a simple error of omission that could have been caught if the purdue owl essays, student had read the essay aloud or given it to a friend to read. The word of ireland, should be between calculation and the. That one small error makes the entire sentence awkward and confusing. If the instructor has to reread the sentence to try to understand its meaning, the flow of the essay is interrupted.

If this happens often enough in the essay, it gives an overall bad impression on what otherwise might be a very good paper in terms of xenophobia essay, research. More examples of errors that could have been caught if the students had bothered to read their essay: One of ireland, Smith's main contribution was his use of. Widgetry emphasized the notion of the infinite widget, which in fact cam as a great service to comparing Smith in bind my thesis that it served as an important too in helping explain his branch of widgetry. Jones might have in fact perputuated the ideas, but he was also at a loss when he could not make good sense of them from the beginning. Admiration for Smith grew in the filed of widgetry.

With Jones' encouragement, Smith drafter a number of uci thesis, monographs on religious topics. Smith considers out my thesis ireland, universe to be a gravitational system. On August 10, 1777, Jones was ent a letter from. In later research , it was proven that Jones was incorrect and science rejected his theories about light until the next century. Thus, it was scientifically proven that Jones' theories about quanta (tiny particulate packets of energy) were indeed correct . The wave formulation was also correct . When was this later research? Who performed the research? In discussing whether someone was proven incorrect or not, it is the importance, a good idea to fully explain who did the proving when, and possibly even how they came to their conclusion. My Thesis! These sentences contradict each other. Uci Thesis! Was Jones proven incorrect or correct?

Does the student mean that Jones was erroneously proven incorrect, but science later found that he was correct after all? Or was Jones correct about some things and not others? The use of bind, Thus implies causality. How does the proof that Jones is incorrect and the rejection by science suddenly become scientific proof of his theory being correct? Regardless of what the student meant by the flip from incorrect to correct, there is nothing given to establish causality. It's disappointing to see such sloppiness as this in an essay. This particular essay featured clipart, so it was obviously done on a computer with a modern word processor. It clearly wasn't spell-checked. Such complete disregard is automatically indicative of a student who doesn't care about their final product, and while the error itself is minor, it gives a bad impression to write a contract for services the grader.

In fact, this essay had several spelling errors that could have been caught. That's inexcusable at ireland the university level. It was also during this time that he traveled to his uncle's place in Brunswick. Place is colloquial. Use home, apartment, residence or other such appropriate word instead. Smith attempted to essay obtain his doctorate of law degree at the University of Anytown but was denied because positions were being held for the older students -- and Smith was much too young. Smith's secretary claims that he was told many times, however, that Smith was denied admission because of negative feelings that the Dean's wife held for him. Smith's secretary is probably dead, since this essay is about someone from the 19th century. Therefore, they no longer claim anything. It should be past tense.

Since the student doesn't cite this, there is an my thesis ireland implication that perhaps the secretary is statement about, not dead and the student went so far as to interview the secretary personally. That is, of course, quite unlikely, meaning that this student has plagiarised this information from one of their sources. The following are a few concepts that form the basis of Leibnizian calculus: [followed by three bulleted paragraphs comprised mostly of bind ireland, direct quotation] Using bullets in a formal essay is statement comparing and juliet, rarely appropriate. It is preferable to write out the bulleted information into proper paragraph form. This student seems to have been too lazy to bind ireland bother paraphrasing a bunch of for services, direct quotations into a formal essay structure. Along came the my thesis, Joe Smith, a mathematician considered by numerous scholars to be a pioneer of calculus, including other renowned mathematician, Bill Jones. The Joe Smith?

There has only been one? The student means another, not other. Sloppy. The first page of the essay starts with: have been developed (5). The second page starts with the header Introduction and the opening paragraph. Clearly, the essay+the+things+i+carry, student stapled the pages out of order. What a sloppy mistake! Pages should be numbered unless you're specifically instructed not to for some reason, and my thesis, you should always ensure that all of the pages are present and in proper order before binding the essay. If the instructor has to begin by figuring out what the heck is going on, they will automatically have a bad impression of your essay and possibly of you. Jones was quite a busy man in that along with his position in the Court of essay+the+things+i+carry, Mainz, he also managed to serve as Baron Johann Christian von Boineburg as secretary, librarian, lawyer, advisor, assistant, and most importantly, friend.

Quite a busy man is a bit colloquial. My Thesis Ireland! A busy man would do. The first as is an error, since Jones did not serve as the Baron, he served the Baron. Statement! This may have been caught if the student had read their essay out loud. His Chummy, Bill Jones, who Smith shared a room with until his resignation from this fellowship in 1683. Chummy should only be included if it was Smith's actual word for my thesis ireland Jones. If this is the how to a contract, case, it is bind my thesis ireland, a quotation from a source and should be cited. If not, it is colloquial and should just say His friend Bill Jones.

Who should be whom in this case. A site called Grammar and Style has information on how to latex use who and whom. This isn't even a complete sentence. Smith was born prematurely and my thesis, was so small when he was born that they thought he might not live. Repeating that he was born is uci thesis, redundant. Who does they refer to? Doctors? Parents? Relatives?

Townsfolk? It is a pronoun without an antecedent. In this publication, Jones has a discourse between the belief systems of the natural philosophical world around him. Has is the wrong word here because the essay is about a person who is now dead. Dead people don't have discourse with anyone in the present, so the word should at least be had. But even had is awkward, and a better word would be wrote. Discourse means to my thesis ireland converse, especially orally. One does not speak orally in a publication. It is written. This word should be omitted. Between denotes at least two participants, but Jones is the only one having the supposed discourse.

This too should be omitted. Latex! Natural philosophical world is confusing. Bind My Thesis Ireland! Does the student mean the natural, philosophical world, which would be the world described as both natural and essay, philosophical? Or do they mean natural philosophical world, in which natural modifies philosophical and not world, in which case the grammatically correct phrase would be naturally philosophical world? This would be better written as:

In this publication, Jones wrote of the ireland, belief systems of the natural, philosophical world around him. or, depending on the answer to the fourth point: In this publication, Jones wrote of the belief systems of the naturally philosophical world around him. He was home for approximately 18 months, according to Jones the 18 months was the most predominant time period of his life. This is a run-on sentence. It should either end between 18 months and statement about the importance, according, or it should be rewritten to make it a proper sentence. 18 months is repeated for bind no reason. 18 months is plural, so it should be 18 months were not 18 months was. How To A Contract For Services! Predominant means superior especially in power or numbers.

Something cannot be most superior. Bind Ireland! Most should be omitted. Predominant is not the xenophobia essay, best word in this case anyway. If the bind my thesis, student means it was the most powerful time of xenophobia essay, Jones' life, they should be clear about that. If they mean it was the most superior numerical time of bind ireland, his life, then he logically cannot have been more than 36 months old. Simpson was content after his ability to reproduce Smith's experiment. Jones was not that easy, the two men fought constantly. The student probably means that Simpson was content once he was able to reproduce Smith's experiment. The current phrasing doesn't quite say that, and is awkward and confusing. Jones was not that easy to what? The student probably means Jones was not that easy to satisfy or something equivalent.

This is a run-on sentence. It should end after easy, or be rewritten to be grammatically correct. Which two men? Simpson and Jones or Smith and Jones? The information on physics before this section is uci thesis, important to understanding whom Newton was, but arguably, his greatest advancements were in bind my thesis the field of mathematics, most importantly Calculus. Incorrect use of whom. Should be who.

A site called Grammar and the importance, Style has information on bind, how to use who and whom. There should not be a comma between arguably and his. Essay+the+things+i+carry! There is no citation as to anyone arguing that Newton's greatest advancements were in mathematics. This might be because it would be difficult to prove in bind the face of the importance of Newtonian physics. Advancements is probably the wrong word. Essay+the+things+i+carry! Achievements or discoveries would be better. Newton's advancements are more likely to be funds paid in advance of publication. The addition of most importantly is awkward.

Particularly would have been a better word. The use of greatest and most importantly referring to my thesis ireland Calculus is hyperbole. Given that this essay was for a Calculus class, it sounds like a kiss-up. The declarations of superiority are superfluous, unattributed, probably erroneous, and possibly pandering. It's all very ugly.

A concluding sentence: Smith's great work, theories, and studies will continue to live on forever in the ever-changing world of essay+the+things+i+carry, science and mathematics . How can the student know that Smith's work will live on bind ireland, forever? That's an thesis comparing romeo and juliet impossible assertion to make. Ireland! Work, theories and thesis statement comparing romeo, studies don't live. They exist, but they are not organic creatures. Bind Ireland! If the world is thesis romeo, ever-changing, how again can the student know that Smith's work won't one day be considered nonsense? Or lost entirely? World is ireland, singular, but it refers to two worlds, one of science and one of mathematics. This conclusion reeks of hyperbole. (So does the phrase reeks of hyperbole, but this is not a formal essay.)

A scientist before Smith by the name of Jones knew that he could demonstrate the thesis comparing, ration between two infinite sums. The phrasing here is a bit awkward. It would be better phrased: Jones, a predecessor of Smith, knew that. Ration is the wrong word. The student meant ratio. Bind! This is one of statement romeo, those errors that a spell-check cannot find, but if the essay had been read aloud it may have been noticed. One man was proclaiming to be the inventor of the bind my thesis ireland, widgetiscope and another man was proclaiming the exact same thing; who is telling the truth? The main problem here is the change in tense.

You can't go from statement, was to is if the subject remains fixed in time. Furthermore, it is ireland, incorrect to thesis romeo and juliet refer to someone who is dead as doing anything in the present besides being dead (and possibly rotting). A dead person is not telling anything right now, but they were in the past. Try to avoid using the passive form was proclaiming and instead use proclaimed. This particular statement is also bad because of the bind my thesis, subject matter. The student has already shown in the essay that both men happened to how to independently invent the widgetiscope, but the bind my thesis ireland, issue is who deserved the purdue, title for inventing it first . Bind My Thesis! So actually, neither one was necessarily lying, and the student should not make it appear that one or the purdue, other may have been doing so. You must be careful not to ireland libel people. The phrasing here is awkward and possibly a bit too conversational in the final question. A better way of write, writing this would be: Two men proclaimed to bind be the inventor of calculus, but only one could be given the credit. The argument was so drawn out that a decision was not easy to come by which worked against Smith's favor.

Jones had been considered the a contract, sole inventor of the widgetiscope for fifteen years already, which gave him the bind ireland, upper hand. The student meant to thesis romeo and juliet say that the duration of the argument caused Smith to lose. But because the student failed to put the necessary comma between the bind my thesis, bolded words, this sentence actually says, by means of thesis statement comparing and juliet, a complicated string of multiple negatives, that it was not easy to come to a decision against Smith, meaning he won. This sentence would be better worded this way: Because the argument took so long, Smith lost. But then, at the beginning of the next paragraph, the student writes: The argument took years to unravel and never really came to a definitive decision. This negates what the student had asserted before: that Smith lost because of the duration of the argument. This also repeats the fact that it was a long argument, which is redundant.

It was from the Greeks, where the bind, underlying of widgetry emerged and set the basis of what widgetry has become. The Greeks are a people, not a place, so things come from whom, not where. The comma in this sentence should not be there. It sets up an expectation that the thesis statement and juliet, portion after the comma is a separate clause, as in: It was from the Greeks, who also invented blodgetry, that widgetry came forth. Bind Ireland! Note that because the who is in the separate clause, it should not be whom. Purdue Owl Essays! The underlying what ? You can't just say the underlying of widgetry.

It has to be the underlying something of widgetry, whether that something is basis, foundation, etc. Although there was a time of intellectual heightening , there came a period of darkness in the development of bind ireland, mathematics (Ewards 45) . Intellectual heightening is an icky, awkward phrase. Intellectual development would have been much better. In going over statement about the importance of this old essay, I wondered if perhaps this was a typo of the name Edwards. I checked the bibliography to confirm the name, and discovered that nothing by Ewards, Edwards, or any similar name was there at all.

Had this gone noticed when the paper was being graded, serious questions would have been raised as to my thesis the validity of the student's sources and bibliography. Be sure to list all sources in your bibliography, and be sure to spell them correctly when citing! One motive of Sumerian algebra was to impose on themselves a concepts that they could not fully understand and precisely compute, and for thesis romeo and juliet this reason, rejected concepts of irrational as numbers, all traces of the infinite, such as limit concepts, from their own mathematics. Motive applies to my thesis Sumerian algebra, not Sumerians. Therefore, that motive cannot be imposed on statement, themselves. It should be written: One motive of the Sumerians concerning their algebra was to my thesis impose on themselves. although that is still an awkward phrase. Concepts should not be plural. This is sloppiness that probably could have been detected if the student had bothered to read over his essay.

The sentence should end after compute. A new sentence should begin, For this reason. The word they should be put between reason and rejected to say: For this reason, they rejected concepts. This sentence is so garbled with mismatched subclauses that adding another is just icky. I'd put such as limit concepts in parenthesis, or rewrite the sentence to bring that idea out on its own. If Greek rigor had surmounted their need to thesis romeo succeed in these elements and refused to use real numbers and limits till they had finally understood them, calculus may have never formed and mathematics as a whole would be obsolete (Apostal 102). The verb refused applies to Greek rigor, not Greeks, which is nonsensical. Be careful to my thesis ensure that your verbs match the subject you intend for them. Don't use till when you mean until. And Juliet! That's colloquial at best, and not really a proper use of the bind my thesis, word at all at worst. Uci Thesis! The proper phrase is have never been formed.

To say something never formed begs the question: What didn't it form? Even though there is a citation for this extreme declaration that mathematics as a whole would be obsolete, it's still probably hyperbole. I wonder if the source actually said that, or if the student's paraphrasing has overstated the source's point that mathematics might be different without the advent of calculus. My Thesis! Be careful that you don't paraphrase in such a way as to essay+the+things+i+carry claim a source said something that they did not. Bind My Thesis! If this source really says mathematics would be obsolete without calculus, it's a bad source.

Such a statement would render even basic arithmetic and counting as obsolete, which is ridiculous. Essentially , it is statement romeo, a case of Smith's word against bind my thesis ireland, a number of suspicious details pointing against thesis statement about of, him. Bind Ireland! He acknowledged possession of a copy of xenophobia, part of one of Jones' manuscripts, on more than one occasion he deliberately altered or added to important documents before publishing them, and a material date I none of his manuscripts had been falsified (1675 had been changed to bind 1673) (Bogus, 78) Essentially isn't technically incorrect here, but students do have a tendency to use words like essentially and basically too often. It's somewhat conversational, and possibly colloquial. Try to thesis about of avoid it unless something is truly essential. A number of suspicious details pointing against him is an my thesis awkward way of xenophobia, saying: suspicions of his guilt.

But what the student means is not suspicions, but points of bind my thesis, evidence. When you list several examples of something you've indicated, the way to thesis about the importance punctuate it is as follows (note the placement of the colon and subsequent semicolons): [Point being made]:[proof 1];[proof 2];[proof 3]; and[proof 4]. This way each proof can have punctuation such as commas without being confused with other points, and each proof still points to ireland the main part of the sentence. This entire thing should be rewritten to thesis statement romeo and juliet say: It is a case of Smith's word against the evidence of his guilt: he acknowledged possession of a copy of bind my thesis, Jones' manuscripts; on more than one occasion he deliberately altered or added to essay+the+things+i+carry important documents before publishing them; and ireland, his manuscripts had been falsified by changing 1675 to 1673 (Bogus, 78). After quoting a dictionary definition: The editors of the famous dictionary are probably unaware of the latex, fact that they have just committed a cardinal sin in the mathematical world , in that they only described fingleish widgetry, and failed to include an explanation of fnordleish widgetry.

It's okay to question a source, and at higher levels of education it might even be required. But if you're going to do it, be careful to do it well and with evidence. This just sounds presumptuous. The student has not shown whether or not the dictionary has separate definitions for widgetry or otherwise accounts for its apparent lack of sufficient definition. Saying the bind ireland, dictionary is famous is probably unnecessary, and possibly hyperbole. A cardinal sin is a sin of fundamental importance.

In the Judeo-Christian context, this would mean something very bad, like murder. Thus, calling a disagreement in definition in a dictionary a cardinal sin is definitely hyperbole. Even if it was a cardinal sin, the sin was committed in the dictionary, not in the mathematical world. Latex! The student meant against bind my thesis, the mathematical world. It is surprising how people could be satisfied such a vague definition, as was the case in Webster's Dictionary, on a subject that has tested such great minds for centuries upon centuries . It is for services, surprising how students could be satisfied with such drivel in bind their essays. Uci Thesis! That sounds nasty, doesn't it? That's because it is.

Sentences like this are insulting and my thesis, off-putting, and purdue owl essays, don't belong in a formal essay. Such great minds requires an example. The word such should be omitted. Centuries upon centuries is redundant. Just say centuries and leave it at that. Jones' first object in Paris was to make contact with the French government but, while waiting for such an bind ireland opportunity, he made contact with mathematicians and essay+the+things+i+carry, philosophers there, in particular Davis and Myers, discussing with Davis a variety of topics but particularly church reunification (Bugle 57). An object is a thing.

The student means Jones' first objective. My Thesis! This is a bad run-on. It should be broken up like this: Jones' first objective in a contract for services Paris was to make contact with the French government, but while waiting for an opportunity to do so, he made contact with mathematicians and philosophers such as Davis and Myers. He discussed a variety of topics with Davis, particularly church reunification (Bugle 57). Smith's contribution to math has helped our society become more technological in building things . In this particular case, Smith made many contributions, not just one. Bind Ireland! Math is the colloquial version of mathematics. Did Smith's contributions only uci thesis, help our society? What about other societies? More technological in bind ireland building things is a really awkward way of saying improved our technological aptitude.

Undoubtedly, Jones was one of the greatest geniuses that ever lived and this paper will demonstrate that, starting from his childhood until his death . Smith may have been a genius, but to blow that up to one of the greatest geniuses that ever lived is hyperbole. Even if it is true, the paper didn't demonstrate it because the paper didn't compare Smith to other great geniuses that have lived. The paper showed that Smith was a genius, perhaps, but not his rank amongst all of the thesis statement the importance of, geniuses that have ever lived. If you start from something, you go to or follow through to another something. The phrase starting from his childhood until his death actually means you're starting from the section of time inclusively between his childhood and death and not saying where you're going. Furthermore, the paper does not start from Smith's childhood because it was not being written when Smith was a child.

The student means, starting with his childhood and following through to his death. That is still awkward, and the sentence would be best written: Undoubtedly, Jones was a genius, and this paper will demonstrate that by examining his entire life. So John lived for seven years with his mother's parents who did not really show him any affection . So in this context is colloquial and should be omitted. This really should be cited. John's address may be a matter of public record and therefore doesn't have to be cited, but comments on the emotional quality of the household imply research, and my thesis ireland, the student should give credit to the source.

Really is colloquial, and thesis about the importance, should be omitted. While at bind Cambridge, Smith's genius was most productive in xenophobia essay his dedication to math . Who is Smith's genius? The student means Smith's intellect, but an intellect cannot be productive. It facilitates productivity, but it is not productive itself. A better way to write this would be: Smith's intellect was best displayed in his dedication. Math is colloquial. It should be mathematics. This information helps us to understand how we, as humans stay on bind ireland, the ground; we are matter as well and how to write, do have an invisible force weighing us down as we push against it and it pushes back against bind, us . This hand full of knowledge has helped our scientist understand our universe of heavenly bodies and their movement. It has also allowed scientist to delve further in thesis romeo exploring our galaxy. Does gravity only affect humans? Granted, the student is trying to bind my thesis ireland make the science seem more personal, but this is an awkward way of doing it.

It is also something that seems to indicate an essay geared to children. While you should usually write essays so they can be understood by laypersons, you can assume those laypersons are your age and intellectual peers. The description of the invisible force is very awkward. A better wording would be: do have an invisible force that we push against as it pushes back against us. Gravity does not, in xenophobia fact, weigh people down. The student's own definition of it earlier in the essay mentions this, and here too it is accurately described as a push, not a pull. To add in the bit about it weighing us down is contradictory.

The student means handful. This is bind my thesis ireland, a bad description anyway, since the student is trying to show how this knowledge is monumental to scientists. Both instances of scientist should be pluralized. One delves further into something, not in it. The Royal Society always had someone coming in each week they met to show off their invention . Always had someone coming in statement of is colloquial and awkward. It should say: The Royal Society hosted a guest each week. The second part of my thesis ireland, this is statement, a separate sentence and bind my thesis ireland, should be capitalized and punctuated accordingly, or else brought into the first sentence with appropriate conjunctions.

Show off is essay+the+things+i+carry, colloquial. Demonstrate would be better. Since more than one invention was demonstrated, invention should be plural. A concluding paragraph: Jones was a great man who made an impact in all of our lives . He is recognized as one of the centuries brilliant-minded people who helped to further math along. Bind Ireland! This intellectual man has created something which has and will be used for years to statement come. This is an my thesis ireland important part of history which will and should never be forgotten. The essay has shown that Jones was brilliant and invented some useful things. It has not, however, demonstrated that he was a great man. A great man is one that embodies greatness in all things, including attitude, relationships with others, and their contributions to their society. Jones may have been all of this, but the essay did not reflect it, so it is hyperbole to declare it in the conclusion.

It is also a highly subjective comment; what makes someone great to xenophobia one person may not for bind ireland another. Centuries is the plural of century, not the possessive. How To Write For Services! The student means century's. But Jones was not of our current century, so the student should define which century they mean. Impacts are made on, not in. If by all of us the student means everyone on bind my thesis ireland, the planet, this is incorrect. Jones' contributions to mathematics hardly impact the life of thesis statement romeo, someone living in a non-literate, non-industrialized society.

Even if the student merely means her peers, it is my thesis, still hyperbole to declare that everyone has been impacted. If you're going to mention that the person did something in your conclusion, mention what that something is. While it is unlikely that Jones' history will be forgotten, the student cannot effectively predict the future in this way. Some of these comments may seem nitpicky, but the fact of the matter is errors such as these reflect poorly on you and your essay. Xenophobia! No one is perfect, and an essay with one or two awkward phrases won't be marked down just for those instances. But an essay that is full of the bind, errors listed above prevents the reader from understanding the content. If the how to a contract, instructor doesn't know what you mean, they can't possibly give you a good grade.

Last updated in February 2005. Copyright #169 2000-2005 Kimberly Chapman. All rights reserved. This original work is ireland, available for distribution, provided the following: it is only distributed in uci thesis this complete form, it contains my name and copyright, it is not altered during distribution without my consent, and it is bind my thesis, not used to generate income for anyone without my consent. I would strongly appreciate knowing if anyone is distributing this in printed form. If you want to receive notification of updates on any portion of this site, simply enter your email address here and click/select the button to enter.

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#28. A Summary of bind ireland ‘Mastermind: How to Think Like Sherlock Holmes’ by Maria Konnikova. Mastermind: How to uci thesis Think Like Sherlock Holmes by bind ireland, Maria Konnikova (Viking Adult; January 3, 2013) i. Cut out the Multitasking. ii. Be Selective: Goal-Directed Observation.

b. Be Objective: Cut Out the Shortcuts and the Bias. ii. Environmental Biases. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s character Sherlock Holmes is as popular today as when he was created back in the late 19 th century. This comes as no surprise, of course, since there is just something about uci thesis latex Holmes’ peculiar qualities—his keen observation, clever imagination, and incisive reasoning capabilities—that is my thesis both awe-inspiring and inspirational. We admire Holmes for how to write cutting through the my thesis errors of thought that are so common to us in essay+the+things+i+carry our daily lives (and that are reflected in Holmes’ sidekick, Watson). And yet we recognize that there is nothing in Holmes’ thought that is entirely out of reach for us.

Indeed, his qualities are not so much superhuman as human plus: human qualities taken to their extreme. Still, human qualities taken to their extreme are intimidating enough, and we may find ourselves doubting whether we could ever really think like Sherlock—even if we put our minds to it. But for cognitive psychologist Maria Konnikova, we should think again. Holmes’ prowess, Konnikova argues, rests no so much in his mental powers as in his mental approach. My Thesis! Specifically, Holmes has succeeded in uci thesis making his thought methodical and systematic—essentially bringing the scientific method and scientific thinking to his detective work. This is an approach to thinking which, Konnikova argues, we can all learn. More importantly, it is an ireland approach to thinking that can extend well beyond sleuthing. Indeed, it is a general approach that can help us get at the truth in virtually any matter, as well as help us solve virtually any problem.

It is simply a matter of bringing a little science to the art of thinking—and it is uci thesis this very thing that Konnikova aims to help us achieve in her new book Mastermind: How to Think like Sherlock Holmes . Konnikova breaks down Holmes’ method into bind 4 parts: 1. Background knowledge; 2. Thesis About The Importance! Observation; 3. Imagination; and 4. My Thesis Ireland! Deduction. To begin with, Holmes keeps an extensive and well-organized knowledge base to help him solve new cases. What’s more, he is vigilant in ensuring that he is ever assimilating new and important information that could help him in the future. Second, Holmes uses careful, mindful, and about of, unbiased observation to glean what is bind ireland important about the various characters and circumstances of each case. Write! Next, Holmes uses the evidence that he has gathered—in conjunction with his far-reaching (though disciplined) imagination—to formulate multiple scenarios that could explain the mystery. Finally, Holmes uses his acute powers of reasoning to cut away the scenarios that just don’t hold up, until ultimately there is but one scenario left: the only one that is possible, however improbable. While this approach seems straightforward enough, it is easier said than done. Indeed, our minds can and often do go wrong at any one of the steps. Konnikova construes it like this: our minds have two distinct modes of thought. The first of these modes operates quickly and automatically. It is our default mode, in that it is the one that we rely on bind ireland, as a matter of course.

While it may be quick and effortless, it is uci thesis also very error-prone. Our second mode of thought is slower and more deliberate. It has the my thesis potential to be far more accurate than our default mode, but it takes effort, and this is effort that we often aren’t willing to expend. Statement About The Importance Of! Still, Konnikova contends that activating the second mode is worth the effort. Bind Ireland! What’s more, the more we employ this second mode of statement thought, the more habitual and bind my thesis, the less effortful it becomes. (These modes of thought correspond to xenophobia essay System 1 and System 2 in Daniel Kahneman’s Thinking, Fast and Slow , though Konnikova refers to them here as our Watsonian and Holmesian systems). At each step of Holmes’ method, Konnikova points out the errors of thought that our Watsonian system is want to draw us into (as exemplified by a series of psychological experiments). Bind My Thesis Ireland! In addition, she points out numerous tricks and pointers that can help us use our Holmesian system to best advantage in statement the importance of order to overcome these errors (exemplified by still other psychological experiments). In the end, it is really a matter of being ever mindful and careful in our thinking, and this is ireland something that we could all certainly do more of. Here is essay+the+things+i+carry Maria Konnikova discussing Sherlock Holmes and her new book: What follows is a full executive summary of Mastermind: How to bind Think Like Sherlock Holmes by Maria Konnikova. PART I: AN INTRODUCTION TO HOLMESIAN THINKING.

1. The Two Modes of Thinking: The Watsonian Mode and the Holmesian Mode. In order to statement romeo and juliet get where we want in life we need an accurate picture of the world before us, as well as the ability to solve the problems that we face. Now, our minds naturally work at bind these things as a matter of course. Indeed, the brain is constantly surveying the environment, and forming quick impressions and judgements of what it takes in; which impressions and judgments influence our understanding and decisions (loc. 298-302). However, our brains are not always so rigorous in how they operate.

Indeed, the mode of thinking that we normally work under is full of shortcuts and write, biases that often run at cross purposes to the goals we want to achieve (as we shall soon see). Ultimately, while this default mode of ours may be quick at forming impressions and bind, judgments, and purdue owl essays, handles our day to day affairs well enough, it often sacrifices accuracy in the process—and this can lead to less than ideal results (loc. 305). Now, it is certainly possible for us to my thesis ireland go beyond this default mode of about the importance ours, and to be more conscious of how we engage with the world, and more rigorous in our thinking. In other words, in addition to our default mode of thought, we have access to a second mode of thinking with which to negotiate the world. As Konnikova explains, “most psychologists now agree that our minds operate on a so-called two-system basis.

One system is fast, intuitive, reactionary—a kind of constant fight-or-flight vigilance of the mind. It doesn’t require much conscious thought or effort and functions as a sort of status quo auto pilot. The other is slower, more deliberative, more thorough, more logical—but also much more cognitively costly” (loc. 302). While this second mode of thinking is my thesis slower and statement and juliet, more effortful than our default mode, it has the potential to be far more accurate. Indeed, it is able to cut out the my thesis ireland shortcuts and biases that plague our default mode, and so stands to how to write a contract yield great gains as a result. Ireland! However, activating our second mode of purdue owl essays thinking is not something that many of us do as much as we could (or should).

The latter part of the quote above helps explain why: our second mode of bind my thesis ireland thinking takes more effort than our default mode, and the simple fact of the uci thesis matter is that we tend to be lazy. As Konnikova explains, “because of the bind my thesis ireland mental cost of that cool, reflective system, we spend most of our thinking time in the hot, reflexive system, basically ensuring that our natural observer state takes on the color of that system: automatic, intuitive (and not always rightly so), reactionary, quick to judge” (loc. 305). Also complicating the issue here is that we often don’t realize just how askew and error-prone our default mode of thinking is. That is, our default mode tends to allow us to get by essay, well enough, thank you very much; and bind my thesis ireland, therefore, we may often see little reason to thesis of move beyond it. For Konnikova, though, when we look at the matter objectively, and weigh all the bind ireland evidence, we should come to the conclusion that making more use of how to our second mode of thinking really is worth the effort. In fact, the author argues that we would do well to spend all of our time (or as much as possible) with mode two firmly in the ‘on’ position. This may sound like a monumental effort indeed. However, Konnikova contends that it is ireland not really so bad as it sounds.

This proves to be the case since the more we make use of our second mode of how to write a contract for services thinking, the more habitual it becomes; until, finally, with enough practice, mode two becomes our default mode (loc. 295, 358-62, 3033). As the author explains, “just like a muscle that you never knew you had—one that suddenly begins to my thesis ache, then develop and bulk up as you begin to use it more and more in thesis statement the importance of a new series of exercises—with practice your mind will see that the constant observation and bind, never-ending scrutiny will become easier… It will become… second nature. You will begin to intuit, to deduce, to think as a matter of course, and thesis about the importance, you will find that you no longer have to give it much conscious effort” (loc. 365). It is this, effectively, that Sherlock Holmes has been able to my thesis do: thinking in comparing romeo mode two has become second nature to him (loc.

365). Watson, on the other hand, remains firmly rooted in mode one (loc. 307). Of course, both Holmes and Watson are fictional characters; however, we should in no way conclude from this that they are unbelievable, or that Holmes’ methods are unattainable. Indeed, to begin with, Conan Doyle based his Sherlock Holmes on a real-life acquaintance. As Konnikova explains, Holmes’ “character… was modeled after another mentor, Dr. Joseph Bell, a surgeon known for his powers of close observation” (loc. 215). The following is a very good documentary about Dr. My Thesis Ireland! Joseph Bell, the inspiration behind Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes:

And regardless, Konnikova insists that what holds for Holmes and Watson (fictional though they may be) holds for us as well. In other words, while all of us are equipped with both modes of how to for services thinking, one or the bind other will dominate in each of us; and it is up to us to statement about decide which one it will be. Since Watson remains stuck in the original default mode of thinking, while Holmes has managed to my thesis ireland elevate himself to mode two, Konnikova refers to the different modes of thinking as Watsonian and Holmesian respectively (loc. 308) (readers of Daniel Kahneman’s Thinking, Fast and Slow will recognize the Watsonian and Holmesian modes described here as System 1, and System 2 (loc. 1178). Those interested in pursuing this topic further may be interested in uci thesis my Summary of my thesis ireland Thinking, Fast and Slow). Now, when we take rigorous, methodical and rational thinking to its extreme, this is thesis statement of really nothing more nor less than the scientific method in action (loc. 210). And indeed, when Conan Doyle created Sherlock Holmes, this is my thesis precisely what he had in mind.

As Konnikova explains, “In Arthur Conan Doyle’s own estimation, Sherlock Holmes was meant from the onset to be an embodiment of the thesis statement the importance of scientific, an ideal that we could aspire to” (loc. 211; see also 198-229). Elsewhere, Konnikova writes that “what Sherlock Holmes offers isn’t just a way of solving crime. It is an entire way of thinking, a mindset that can be applied to countless enterprises far removed from the bind my thesis foggy streets of the London underworld. It is an latex approach born out bind my thesis, of the scientific method that transcends science and crime both and can serve as a model for thinking, a way of being, even, just as powerful in our time as it was in Conan Doyle’s” (loc. How To A Contract! 198). Given that Holmes’ approach is based on the scientific method, then, before we turn our attention specifically to Holmes’ approach, it will help to get a brief refresher of the scientific method. 2. The Holmesian Method as the bind my thesis Scientific Method in Action.

The scientific method is xenophobia very simple really. My Thesis Ireland! Here it is in plain terms: “make some observations about a phenomenon; create a hypothesis to essay+the+things+i+carry explain those observations; design an experiment to test the hypothesis; run the experiment; see if the bind ireland results match your expectations; rework your hypothesis if you must; lather, rinse, and xenophobia, repeat” (loc. 278). *For prospective buyers: To get a good indication of how this (and other) articles look before purchasing, I’ve made several of my past articles available for free. Each of my articles follows the same form and is similar in length (15-20 pages). The free articles are available here: Free Articles. Hello! This book seems to my thesis be very inspired by Daniel Kahneman’s book “Thinking, Fast and xenophobia essay, Slow”….and I’m curious if it would be worthwhile to read that book as well – the reason I ask, is because, while I have no doubt that book would be very informative and expand my understanding of the mind…I’m seeking a more practical effect, like the type this book aims for — not simply to better understand why we make our decisions, but what we would to improve them in our everyday lives…it’s why this book here by Maria Konnikova intrigues me; it apparently attempts to teach what you could do, and that sort of bind ireland practical effect is what I’m aiming for.

Thank you very much; your website is an essay extremely informative “sneak-peek” at many books before I actually read them….it helps to make my decision whether I should get them. I would also like to ask if their are any other books you would recommend, like these, that could be used as self-help guides in order to become a more capable thinker. As before, more then simply learning more about the inner-workings of the my thesis mind, I want to be able to leverage the research in order to sharpen my own thinking in a practical way. Hey Gabriel. As far as recommendations go, I’m afraid I can’t do much better than ‘Mastermind’ and ‘Thinking, Fast and Slow.’ I don’t really do a lot of self-help books, so I’m really not much of an authority here. Having said that, there was a book released recently that seems to capture just what you’re after. Owl Essays! It’s called ‘Super Brain: Unleashing the ireland Explosive Power of Your Mind to Maximize Health, Happiness, and Spiritual Well-Being’ by Deepak Chopra.

I haven’t read it, though, so I can’t vouch for it, but you may want to check it out. Hi Gabriel. Statement! Thanks for bind my thesis ireland your note, I’m glad you like the site. You’re right, this book is in many ways very similar to Kahneman’s ‘Thinking, Fast and Slow.’ The main difference is that Kahneman focuses more on uci thesis latex, the follies of ireland System 1 (the Watsonian mode in Konnikova’s book), while Konnikova focuses more on uci thesis, how we can discipline our thinking and make it more Holmesian (System 2 in Kahneman’s book). In this sense it may seem like Konnikova’s book is more practical, but I’m not sure I would say this is so. Just knowing the many ways that System 1 can lead us astray, and bind, how it does so (which Kahneman does much better than Konnikova) can go a long way towards helping us overcome it. I would certainly say that Kahneman’s book is worth reading (you may have noticed that I have written a summary of essay+the+things+i+carry ‘Thinking, Fast and Slow’, so you can always start there). Anyway, hope that helps. Thanks for this very accurate summary ! It is much more efficient to apply the content than the book itself. (I had read the book before) Thanks Hugo.

I’m glad you liked the my thesis ireland summary–even more than the book!! Science Math (deals in category at right) Politics Soc. Sciences (deals in category at right)

4 Steps to Assembling a Top-Notch Medical School Resume. By Anubodh Varshney, Contributor | June 3, 2014, at 9:30 a.m. It's important to highlight an X-factor – such as achievement in arts or entrepreneurship – that can set you apart from the thousands of other qualified medical school applicants. (iStockphoto) The medical school admissions process continues to be an my thesis ireland, increasingly competitive endeavor. As growing numbers of students pursue careers in xenophobia medicine, it is vital for prospective medical school students to understand the major components of an outstanding application well before they are ready to fill out the American Medical College Application Service application. 1. Demonstrate academic excellence: Regardless of the quality of the other parts of your application, admissions committees are most interested in applicants who are prepared for the intellectual rigor of medical school. My Thesis! This does not always mean you must major in a traditional biomedical field such as biology, biochemistry or biomedical engineering.

Instead, pursue the major you are drawn to and in which you will perform best academically. Furthermore, earn the highest marks you can in premed courses, as admissions committees pay close attention to thesis statement the importance them. You can also demonstrate academic excellence by participating in honor societies, winning academic prizes and scholarships or becoming a teaching assistant or tutor. 2. Showcase leadership through extracurricular activities: Academic excellence alone is not sufficient for acceptance to medical school. As physicians are expected to serve as community leaders, admissions committees seek students who are well-rounded and who have demonstrated this quality through involvement in extracurricular activities. The key, however, is to emphasize the bind ireland quality, not the quantity, of your participation. Your extracurriculars need not solely revolve around medicine. Students should pursue leadership roles in statement comparing a select group of organizations they are passionate about, and should maintain long-term commitments to bind my thesis these groups. Such actions prove your ability to follow through, collaborate with others and successfully lead a collective to a common goal. These are all traits that doctors require and admissions committees prize.

3. Engage in scientific research: As with all scientific fields, medicine advances through discovery. Comparing And Juliet! Accordingly, admissions committees often view applicants with research exposure favorably. As a premed student, attempt to earn scientific research experience. This can occur in any field, though focusing on a biomedical topic allows you to not only learn the basic principles of research, but to also delve deeply into a specific area of medicine. It is bind ireland typically feasible to spend one or more summers in a research program, and it is sometimes possible to continue research from the summer into the school year. College advising offices may be able to provide you a list of opportunities to essay+the+things+i+carry become involved with research both at your school and my thesis ireland through formal institutions. Work your hardest to latex be productive with your research by creating abstracts, posters or publications, as these demonstrate that you are not only committed to research, but that you possess the determination and work ethic to complete projects and present them to the scientific community. 4. Possess an X-factor: The majority of bind my thesis, medical school applicants will claim a strong academic record, experience with research and involvement in student groups. Of! Distinguishing yourself from other prospective students with an X-factor is extremely important.

This distinguishing X-factor can assume multiple forms, such as involvement in sports, significant community service experience, medical trips abroad, achievement in music or the bind my thesis fine arts, entrepreneurship or leading your school's student government. It should involve a subject you are interested in and at how to, which you are successful. For example, it is one thing to state that you are interested in skiing, but an bind ireland, applicant who actively participates in statement about the importance regional or national ski tournaments may distinguish himself or herself. Another example is an individual with an my thesis ireland, interest in community service who spends a summer abroad volunteering for a free clinic. These are the four key components students require for an outstanding medical school application. Admission to medical school is uci thesis latex not simple, and it necessitates a combination of bind ireland, academic success, demonstrated leadership, scholarly research and a distinguishing aspect to outshine the thousands of other applicants seeking an thesis of, acceptance letter. Attending law school part time can provide flexibility now but may limit future opportunities. Top Computer Engineering Programs.

Discover which computer science graduate schools are among the nation#39;s best. Don't sacrifice quality by rushing to ireland apply to business school. Choose a B-School for Finance, Banking. Look for uci thesis latex, a quantitatively rigorous curriculum and my thesis a variety of finance courses, experts suggest. Purdue! Prep for my thesis ireland, Med School as a College Student. Use statistics and available resources to ensure you are ready to apply to medical school. Strategies to Improve a College GPA. A low freshman GPA won't prevent students from getting accepted into write a contract graduate school. When applying, consider the environment you desire and whether a joint recommendation letter is helpful.

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essay god helios sun Helios, Christos, the bind my thesis, Sun: Ferrying the Archetypal Zodiac Disciples. by Ralph Monday. The Christian religion is a parody on the worship of the Sun, in which they put a man whom they call Christ, in the place of the Sun, and pay him the same adoration which was originally paid to the Sun .Thomas Paine. The Zodiac, therefore, is the Path or Way. When Christ spoke to His disciples as the Cosmic Christ, He told them I am the Way, and to this it is possible to write for services give an astrological significance, for all three types of lives tread this cosmic Way, the Cosmic Christ, the Planetary Spirit and the human being (Path of the Soul).

C hristianity views Jesus as being the light of the world, and indeed he is, but not in the way the story is told in the New Testament. Bind Ireland? If one has the latex, courage to throw off religious fetters and my thesis, abandon a blind acceptance of subjective faith dogma, and instead employ reason, abundant evidence can be examined that is the basis for an argument where the story of the importance, Christ is neither new, original, nor unique, but is instead the creation of the church, a powerful astrotheological archetypal symbol to solidify and consolidate power over the mind of culture. Christianity, and beginning with the bind my thesis, Catholic Church in particular, has molded and transformed the thesis the importance of, figure of Christ into its own peculiar votive offering served up during the course of a year, but the majority of the influence is focused around Easter and Christmas, the vernal equinox and bind my thesis, the winter solstice, for the one year story of Christ's ministry on earth is an allegory of the passing of the sun through the twelve signs of the zodiac, Christ as the symbol of the sun and the twelve disciples as corresponding allegorical symbols of the astrological progression of the zodiac through the seasons, the connection of the essay+the+things+i+carry, earth to the heavens--As above, so below--observation of natural phenomenon that has been of great interest to the race since time immemorial, the cycles of the heavens given a supernatural interpretation and overlay that to this day remains as a powerful crucible molded around the minds of bind my thesis, countless millions of people. But before examining the astrotheological basis for Christ, a brief review is presented in regard to the historicity of this monumental symbol of western civilization. An Historical Christ. The quest for an historical Christ is doomed to failure, much like the quest for the Holy Grail. Statement About The Importance Of? More is known about the my thesis ireland, Big Bang theory than is known about xenophobia essay a biography of Christ. The vast majority of all that is known about probably the most famous figure in Western history is contained in the New Testament, and to large extent the my thesis, four Canonical Gospels of the Bible. This evidence is definitely second hand, questionable hearsay, for the Gospels were written long after the death of Jesus. The information grew out of oral story telling for at least several decades before the church began to create the mythical demigod that is so familiar today.

Walker affirms this point: …[T]hese Gospels did not come into the Bible as original and authoritative from the authors themselves, but rather from the xenophobia, influence of bind my thesis, early church fathers, especially the most influential of xenophobia, them all: Irenaeus of Lyon who lived in the middle of the second century. Many heretical gospels existed by that time, but Irenaeus considered only some of them for mystical reasons. He claimed only four in number; according to Romer, like the four zones of the world, the four winds, the four divisions of man's estate, and the four forms of the first living creatures-- the lion of Mark, the calf of Luke, the man of Matthew, the eagle of John .The four gospels then became Church cannon for the orthodox faith. Most of the other claimed gospel writings were burned, destroyed, or lost. (Romer, qtd. in Walker) That no historian wrote about the crowds of thousands that purportedly followed Jesus, the miracles that he performed, his crucifixion and resurrection, defies and challenges reason.

Nor is there a single contemporary Roman record verifying that a Pontius Pilate executed a man named Jesus, and the Romans, creators of the first great bureaucratic state, kept extensive records. The non-Christian sources that are invariably used by bind my thesis Christian apologists in an attempt to establish the latex, historicity of Christ were all written after the time when Christ was supposed to have lived and are hardly eye witness accounts. The most commonly referenced sources are Josephus Flavius, Pliny the bind my thesis, Younger, Tacitus, and Suetonius. Josephus lived from 37-100 C.E. In his Antiquities of the Jews written in purdue owl essays 93 C.E. a famous reference is made to, About this time there lived Jesus, a wise man, if indeed one ought to call him a man. For he was one who performed surprising deeds and was a teacher of such people as accept the truth gladly. He won over many Jews and many of the Greeks. He was the Messiah… (qtd. in bind Goldberg). The debate over the authenticity of this passage is well known, and will not be recounted here. Suffice to say that the vast majority of biblical scholars since the nineteenth century hold that it is a later Christian interpolation, an latex, assertion that can easily be verified if the my thesis ireland, reader cares to examine the matter further. Of the remaining three references, Pliny the Younger (B 62 C.E.), Tacitus (B 64 C.E.), and Suetonius (B 69 C.E.), were all born well after the time of Jesus, and thesis statement and juliet, again, none are held to be reliable by most biblical scholars; there is no need to go into the matter further in this essay; the arguments questioning the authenticity of these passages are well known, and the historicity of Christ is not the major thesis.

Robert Keable, in his work, The Great Galilean makes note of this strange history of silence: No man knows sufficient of the early life of Jesus to write a biography of bind my thesis ireland, him. For that matter, no one knows enough for the normal Times obituary notice of a great man. If regard were had to what we should call, in correct speech, definitely historical facts, scarcely three lines could be filled. Moreover, if newspapers had been in xenophobia essay existence, and if that obituary notice had had to be written in the year of bind my thesis ireland, his death, no editor could have found in the literature of his day so much as his name. Yet few periods of the ancient world were so well documented as the period of Augustus and Tiberius.

But no contemporary knew of his existence. Even a generation later, a spurious passage in Josephus, a questionable reference in essay+the+things+i+carry Suetonius, and the mention of a name that may be his by Tacitus-that is all. His first mention in bind any surviving document, secular or religious, is twenty years after. (qtd. in Jackson) Earl Doherty in his provocative work The Jesus Puzzle also makes note of the strange silence of history, and in perhaps one of the essay, greatest feats of twentieth century biblical scholarship, constructs a compelling argument that questions the very existence of a historical Jesus. In regard to the four Gospels, Matthew, Mark, Luke, and my thesis, John, no one knows who wrote them. All four Gospels are anonymous, and the names of the purported authors were applied to thesis these works in the second century C.E. Bind My Thesis? In regard to the composition of the Gospels, Remsberg notes that, Justin Martyr, the most eminent of the early Fathers, wrote around the middle of the essay+the+things+i+carry, second century and makes more than three hundred quotations from the my thesis ireland, books of the Old Testament, and nearly one hundred from the Apocryphal books; but none from the Four Gospels. -- In the latter half of the second century, between the time of Justin and Papias, and the time of Theophilus and thesis of, Irenaeus, the Four Gospels were undoubtedly written or compiled. (The Gospels: Second Century Writings) As for the dates of the composition of the four Gospels some conservative scholars believe that Matthew was written between 60-65 C.E., while other biblical authorities date it to the seventies, some even as late as 85 C.E. In regard to Mark, most scholars assign a date no later than 70-73 C.E., but a large majority of moderate and conservative scribes assign to Mark a composition date between 65 and 70 C.E., while Luke's composition date is assigned between 60-64 C.E. For John, conservative scholars believe the gospel to bind have been written at thesis statement and juliet, about 85 C.E., while others place the composition to a later date or early second century (New Testament).

This evidence is presented in establishing that so little is known about the authorship of the bind my thesis ireland, Gospels, and romeo, the historicity of Christ, that an alternative hypothesis can be advanced, namely that the story of Jesus can be interpreted as being a mythologized allegory of the progression of the sun through the yearly zodiac, an astronomical phenomenon that was well known and bind my thesis ireland, extremely important to the ancient world. The early church fathers were privy to essay+the+things+i+carry the resemblance between Christ and earlier dying and resurrected gods, and of the problem of history. Justin Martyr, Tertullian, and Irenaeus, for example, explained away the resemblance of the bind, Christ mythos to earlier pagan gods by asserting that Satan had previously created these imitators in order to confuse and deceive when Christ incarnated, and Pope Leo X said, What profit has not that fable of Christ brought us! (qtd. in Acharya S). And Justin Martyr writing to a pagan in write a contract for services the second century C.E. also had these words to my thesis ireland relate: When we say that the Word, who is the first-birth of God, was produced without sexual union, and that He, Jesus Christ, our Teacher, was crucified and died, and rose again, and ascended into heaven, we propound nothing different from what you believe regarding those whom you esteem sons of Jupiter (Savior Myth). Thesis Statement About The Importance? As reported in The Christ Myth, also interesting is the fact that there are no images of the crucified Christ dated to the first three centuries, and Constantine envisioned Christ as a beautiful young man rather like Apollo. The Dead Sea scrolls, unearthed in bind my thesis ireland 1947, hold no record of this savior who is held to have so tremendously impacted the entire world, and in point of fact, Paul is the only person known to have first used the term Christ or the name Jesus (Rogge). The preceding assertions set the stage for an examination of the grand drama of the heavens, one that has been eternally played out upon the earth in a cosmic pantomime beginning with the foundation of astrology as an indicator of as above, so below.

Astrology, Mythology-Heavens and Earth-Origin of the Zodiac. Sometime between 3000-2000 B.C.E. in Mesopotamia the earliest evidence is found for the emergent disciplines of xenophobia essay, astronomy, mathematics and mythology, a triplicate that together would become the basis of astrology and the linkage between the heavens and the earth. Campion has noted that the history of astrology is bind, symbiotically intertwined with religious history. Notwithstanding the practical importance of correlations between such occurrences as the sun's annual rhythm through the heavens and the corresponding seasons, symbolic linkages also began to develop: the human life cycle progressing through birth to death was interlinked with the sun's birth in the east each morning and death in the west each evening, bringing with it the purdue owl essays, transition from darkness to light, and the annual cycle of vegetation throughout the seasons. Thus the observance of the calendar became, as it still is, an bind, object of religious ritual, and there was a measure of interchange between heavenly sky deities and earth-bound vegetation deities (Origins of Astrology). An examination of comparative mythology inevitably leads to the conclusion that in the myths and sacred narratives of the majority of all civilized nations the Zodiac signs are prominent. According to Kennedy, If you go back in time to Rome, or beyond that to Greece, or before that to Egypt, Persia, Assyria, or Babylonia-regardless of how far back you go, there is a remarkable phenomenon: Nearly all nations had the same twelve signs, representing the same twelve things, placed in the same order (qtd. in Horn). The origin of the Zodiac has long been of interest to not only astronomers, but scholars as well. Gilman notes that, […] the narrow strip in the sky in which we observe and measure the movements of the Sun, Moon and the planets, was undoubtedly recognized in Babylon 4,000 or so years ago. Comparing Romeo? It was not apparently until about 520 B.C. that the twelve Signs were actually defined.

This seems to have been done by my thesis Cleostratos of Tenedos, […] who divided the ecliptic into twelve equal parts and is said to have recognized the write, Signs of the Zodiac. He reputedly described them in a now-lost poem, Astrologia . (Twelve Gods) Also, early in the 19th century Pieree-Simnon de Laplace stated that, The names of the zodiacal constellations were not haphazard fancies. They reflected relationships that were the subject of many inquiries or attempts at a systematic organization. Bind? Research has gradually revealed that the signs of the zodiac and thesis about of, their corresponding relationship to observation earth phenomena, is an ancient inheritance, a cultural chain linked from the Romans, to the Greeks, and from there stretching back to the Babylonians. The Babylonians, in turn, are heir to the even more ancient cultures of Sumer and Akkad, and some scholars believe the origin of the signs is even more primeval, placing their emergence around or even before 4000 B.C.E.

Even more surprising than this antiquity is the stability of the constellations over the centuries, even with the attempt by Christian authors to reshape the stars to fit their particular interest in biblical stories, the bind, original names and shapes have survived (Johnson and van Berkel 6-7). From the earliest written records, the Sumerian/Babylonian Epic of purdue, Gilgamesh , (whose history may have been transmitted to the Greeks by the Phoenicians) where this ancient demigod of Uruk passes through twelve stages on his underground journey to Dilmun, to the civilizations of the Greek and Roman, an ancient astronomical religion is clearly in evidence, one that developed geographically over the entire Mediterranean region. My Thesis? In recognition of this religion of astronomy Richer argues that: …astronomers before the purdue, eighth century [B.C.E.] used stars of first magnitude as the principal celestial markers. In the ancient Egyptian calendar, for example, the beginning of the year was related to the heliacal rising of Spica. This harked back to bind a more ancient age, the Age of Gemini…, when the essay+the+things+i+carry, equinoxes occurred in Gemini and Sagittarius, a period corresponding to around 6500 [B.C.E.]. The star-based system was eventually integrated with the zodiacal system, which has been traced back in its current form to at least 2000 [B.C.E.] in the ancient Near East.

Considering precessional correspondences,…[this indicates] a system of coordinates based on the four seasons and four cardinal points…introduced into Greece between 2000 and 1900 [B.C.E.]….The zodiacal signs most likely were introduced into Greece from Sumer and Babylonia, with the Hittites and Phoenicians as intermediaries. The adoption of a full-blown zodiacal projection onto Greek territory seems to have coincided with the Greek adoption of the Phoenician alphabet between 1000-850 [B.C.E]. (qtd. in Dougherty) Dougherty also notes that ancient myths of gods, demigods, and heroes are connected to this primal astronomical religion, and that the adoration and worship of Greek heroes like Hercules, Theseus, Perseus, and Bellerophon predated the worship of the Olympian gods and their narratives at a later date were merged with the stories of the ireland, twelve zodiacal deities. Heracles is comparing romeo, a solar archetype identified with Leo; his twelve labors symbolize an amalgam of traditions that personify successive cultural or historical stages in ireland relationship to the drama being performed in the zodiacal stage of the heavens (A Key to how to for services Ancient Greece). In addition: Many deities have been associated with the sun. The Greeks believed that Apollo, Bacchus, Dionysos, Sabazius, Hercules, Jason, Ulysses, Zeus, Uranus, and Vulcan partook of either the ireland, visible or invisible attributes of the sun. The Norwegians regarded Balder the Beautiful as a solar deity, and Odin is often connected with the celestial orb, especially because of his one eye. Among the Egyptians, Osiris, Ra, Anubis, Hermes, and even the mysterious Ammon himself had points of resemblance with the solar disc.

Isis was the mother of the how to write, sun, and even Typhon, the Destroyer, was supposed to be a form of solar energy. The Egyptian sun myth finally centered around the person of a mysterious deity called Serapis. The two Central American deities, Tezcatlipoca and Quetzalcoatl, while often associated with the winds, were also undoubtedly solar gods. (The Sun, A Universal Deity) The connection of deity to the sun is obvious for my thesis ireland anyone who has even a minute amount of analytical skill. The observation is nothing new, but it is one that has only begun to filter into the masses in owl essays western culture, for Fiske noted over a century ago that, Countless other examples, when similarly analyzed, show that the earliest […] conception of a Divine Power, nourishing man and sustaining the universe, was suggested by the light of the mighty Sun; who, as modern science has shown, is the originator of all life and motion upon the globe, and whom the ancients delighted to believe the source, not only of the golden light, but of everything that is bright, joy-giving, and pure. (Myths and Myth-makers 109) This all, of course, means that: The ancients believed that the sun, the ireland, moon, wandering stars (planets), comets, and other celestial bodies were heavenly gods who were in motion about a stationary earth.

Since the sun (Sol invictus) seemed to be the most influential of the celestial gods, it was especially worshipped and regarded as annually reborn at its lowest point in essay the sky during the winter solstice of December 25th. Since the my thesis, plane of the ecliptic--the path that the sun travels in the sky--traces out the band of the twelve star-patterns that make up the zodiac, the latex, sun was considered a god that gave birth to, or was a father of, the twelve zodiacal gods. [However], [t]he Greek astronomer Hipparchus made the astounding discovery in 128 BCE that the zodiac of constellations slowly drifted backward over ireland, time so that they appeared, with respect to of the sun's position at winter solstice, in a new location in the heavens. Every 25 thousand years these constellations slowly moved; a phenomenon we know today to be the precession of the equinoxes which is caused by ireland the wobble of the earth on its axis. To the ancients, it was a frightening and astounding event[.] (Still) Hipparchus lived from 190-120 B.C.E. and Still also notes that his discovery of the precession of the purdue owl essays, equinoxes shattered the geocentric theory of the bind, immovable earth, and that the precession could only mean that the whole cosmic sphere was in motion, and for the ancients this was a revelation that they interpreted as being the result of a powerful new god, so incredible in its force that it was fully possible for moving the entire universe. At that time the essay+the+things+i+carry, spring equinox took place in Aries the Ram, and preceding that Taurus the bind my thesis ireland, Bull heralded in the rebirth of the write for services, earth in bind ireland spring, and it was believed that Mithras was the xenophobia, cosmic power whose force was so formidable that the Bull was killed (The Virgin Birth). In the great cosmic war between dark and light, Christ replaced Mithras as this force strong enough to bend the very cosmos to bind ireland his will, and as the parallels between Mithrass and Christ are well known, there is no point in discussing them here, for I have dealt with this topic at length in another essay, and the present work will focus in specific content on uci thesis latex only one of these solar deities: Christ in bind my thesis ireland order to provide support for latex the illuminating archetypal pattern that this example provides in the context of the solar deity and the twelve signs of the zodiac.

Christ and the Twelve Zodiac Disciples. Modernity, and now extending into the Postmodern world, has long questioned the Christ story as authentic history. The philosophes of the eighteenth century European Enlightenment and their new world counterparts in the Age of my thesis ireland, Reason began exploring nature from the essay, standpoint of Natural Philosophy or Natural Law. This was the genesis of modern science, and from that point forward supernatural explanations of my thesis ireland, natural phenomena have been stripped away one by one, laid bare by the scrutiny of the scientific method, so that a reign of statement the importance, supernaturalism lasting more than six thousand years has been virtually eliminated as a satisfactory cause of human experience in bind my thesis just over two hundred years. First, a brief summary of the xenophobia, archetype of the dying and resurrected god is presented, a common motif that existed in the Mediterranean world centuries before the bind, church adopted this primal story and grafted the narrative into its own peculiar hierarchy for the purpose of control and power. Thesis Statement The Importance Of? The ancient Greek and Roman cultures from which much of Postmodern Western culture is descended, adopted gods from Asia Minor: Egypt, Mesopotamia, Assyria, Babylon, Phrygia, Persia, etc. These gods were often symbolic of vegetation myths tied to the seasons and shared the following characteristics, an archetypal pattern similar to Joseph Campbell's hero's journey, for bind my thesis the day god, the Sun god, was the ancient world's great deity, one that has been worshipped all over the planet, personified in every sacred allegory, and mythopoetically associated with mortal suffering, for, everywhere we read of the birth, death, and thesis statement and juliet, resurrection of the Sun; he had his cradle and his tomb, whether called Adonis, Osiris, Hercules, Bacchus, Attis, Krishna, Mithra, or Christ (Existence of Christ Disproved). According to Pagan Origins of the Christ Myth these dying and resurrected gods were born of bind ireland, a Virgin Mother on or near the purdue, date of modern Christmas in bind ireland a Cave or Underground Chamber; they held such titles as Light-bringer, Mediator, Healer, Deliverer, Savior and led a life of toil and service for humanity; eventually all were defeated by the Powers of Darkness and descended into xenophobia essay Hell or the Underworld, then rose from the dead, and became the archetypal connector of humanity to the Heavenly world; they triumphantly went on to have disciples, found Communions of bind ireland, Saints Churches where acolytes were received into the mysteries by Baptism, and their memory was commemorated by Eucharistic meals (Pagan Christs). Edward Carpenter in 1919 likewise stated the same assertion in his Pagan and Christian Creeds: Their Origin and Meaning . The idea of Christ being interpreted as a solar god is not new. Scholars in the nineteenth century first began this new field of research. What is new is that only recently has this vast body of information been made available to the general public.

Christ as Zodiac Sun Myth. The ruling deity of day, Helios or the how to a contract, sun as God, was the supreme god of the ancient world universally worshipped in both continents, the old and the new world, and this god was allegorically personified in the mythos of every culture. The daily and annual passage of the bind ireland, sun, in myth, became the essay+the+things+i+carry, poetic interpretation of the destiny of all. The birth, death, and resurrection of the sun is a continually reoccurring archetypal image, cradle to ireland tomb, whether the name of the sun god was Hercules, Osiris, Adonis, Bacchus, Mithra, Chrishna, or Christ. Mangasarian points out that, The fact that Jesus' death was accompanied with the darkening of the Sun, and that the date of his resurrection is also associated with the position of the Sun at the time of the vernal equinox, is a further intimation that we have in xenophobia the story of the birth, death, and resurrection of bind ireland, Jesus, an ancient and nearly universal Sun-myth, instead of verifiable historical events. (Truth About Jesus) Of course, why all these stories are so similar is about of, easily surmised. The above mentioned gods, Hercules, Osiris, Adonis, Mithra, etc., were all born on or about bind December 25th, they had twelve disciples or were otherwise associated in some way with the thesis statement about the importance, number twelve, such as the labors of Hercules, they performed miracles, were persecuted, died, and resurrected.

This archetypal pattern is common because it is based on bind ireland the sun's movements through the constellations which according to Acharya S is […] an statement about the importance, astrotheological development that can be found throughout the planet because the sun and the twelve zodiac signs can be observed around the globe.[…] Christ and all the my thesis ireland, others upon whom this character is predicated are personifications of the sun, […]the Gospel fable […]a rehash of a mythological formula […] (Origins of Christianity). And these mythological characters share the a contract, following characteristics in relationship to the sun: on December twenty-second the sun apparently dies for three days because it appears to bind ireland stop in its movement south, and then is resurrected or born again on December twenty-fifth when it begins moving north once again, the light coming forth into the world; at some locations in the ancient world the new year began in the constellation of Virgo where the sun was born of a virgin; when the a contract for services, sun rises in the morning it is the Savior of mankind, and wears a crown of thorns which is the corona or halo, and the sun can also walk on water, its reflection passing across the surface; the disciples are the twelve months and twelve signs of the zodiac that the sun must journey through; at twelve noon the sun is in the house or temple of the Most High and Jesus began his work at my thesis ireland, twelve years of age; the sun enters at purdue, thirty degrees into each sign of the zodiac, and Jesus began his ministry at age thirty; the sun is crucified when it is hung on the cross of the equator and the polar axis at the vernal equinox, or Easter, and at that time the sun is resurrected (Origins of Christianity). Another interesting facet in regard to the virgin birth is that, The Virgin Mary is the Constellation of Virgo and the story of virgin births is the bind, timeless allegory of Virgo giving birth to xenophobia essay the Sun on the darkest night of the year, the 24th of bind ireland, December. If we follow the path of the sun we discover that towards the end of August the radiant Sun enters the celestial Virgo and places the seed of the thesis statement comparing romeo, new Sun in ireland her to germinate the embryo of the new Sun, Horus, Apollo or Christ. This phenomenon, which takes place every year in August, gave rise to Christmas, a festival which still exists, and in which it is supposed that the Mother of Christ, disregarding her earthly life, is associated with the glory of her son, and is placed by his side in the heavens. We know that the sign of the celestial virgin rose over the horizon at the moment assigned to the birth of purdue owl essays, our Lord Jesus the Christ. Ireland? Christians may be reluctant to recognize Virgo as the Blessed Virgin. Yet Virgo's stars descend after harvest below the horizon, and the sun of the winter rises from the same point-the infant Sun in his Mother's arms.

It is the birthday of the Christos who represents the Sun that is born in each and every one of us. (The Immaculate Conception) The church was well aware of the astrological significance of the constellation of Virgo for as Carpenter has stated: But it is well known as a matter of xenophobia, history that the worship of bind my thesis, Isis and Horus descended in the early Christian centuries to essay+the+things+i+carry Alexandria, where it took the form of the worship of the Virgin Mary and the infant saviour, and so passed into the European ceremonial. We have therefore the Virgin Mary connected by linear succession and descent with that remote Zodiacal cluster in the sky! A curious confirmation of the same astrological connection is afforded by the Roman Catholic Calendar. For if this be consulted, it will be found that the festival of the Assumption of the Virgin is placed on the 15 August, while the festival of the birth of the Virgin is dated the ireland, 8 September… At the present day, the Zodiacal signs- owing to the precession of the Equinoxes-have shifted some distance from the constellations of the same name. But at the time when the Zodiac was constituted and these names were given, the first date obviously would signalise the actual disappearance of the cluster Virgo in the sun's rays, i.e. the Assumption of the Virgin into the glory of the xenophobia, god, while the second date would signalise the reappearance of the constellation-or the birth of the Virgin. (Sun Worship) The constellation of Virgo is not the only interesting connection between religious worship and the stars. Other constellations are also of considerable import, but it is from Virgo to Leo that the archetypal symbolism is best read in this ancient, cosmic progression. In order to understand this assertion it is necessary to know that the sun in its yearly progression moves through the constellations (the plane of the ecliptic, an imaginary line drawn from the earth's equator to bind my thesis the sun's equator) to the left, and these constellations have always been thought to have a great influence on the character of the sun.

The other important point to remember is and juliet, that the earth's axis is tilted twenty-three and my thesis, one quarter degrees from the plane of the ecliptic, called the precession of the axis, the earth slowly wobbles at the north polar axis like a spinning top, and the sun moves below the equator at the autumnal equinox and rises above the equator at the vernal equinox, thus forming the image of a cross. Thus, the sun appears to move backwards through the constellations in what is essay, called a Great Year that lasts approximately 25920 years, and this cosmic year is my thesis ireland, separated into twelve Ages connected to the Zodiac and essay+the+things+i+carry, its constellations. Bind Ireland? Each of these ages endures for about 2160 years. The relationship to the worship of sun gods is apparent, for approximately three thousand years ago when the sun crossed the equator at the vernal equinox the xenophobia, constellation was Aries the lamb. Hence, the sun was known as the Lamb of bind ireland, God, the archetypal symbol of the resurrected savior, of the journey from the dark underworld to the apex of heaven. Christ is statement about the importance, still identified in this way, but what of the fish? The sun entered the constellation of Pisces at approximately 6 B.C.E., which coincides with the approximate birth date given to Jesus by most scholars. Pisces is the sign of the fish, and Jesus was the fisher of men. And according to Dowling in her introduction, The Piscean Age is identical with the Christian Dispensation.

The word Pisces means fish. Ireland? The sign is known as a water sign, and the Piscean Age has been distinctly the age of the fish and its element, water. How To For Services? In the establishment of their great institutions John the Harbinger and Jesus both introduced the rite of water baptism, which has been used in some form in all the so-called Christian Churches and cults, even to my thesis ireland the present time. Water is the about the importance of, true symbol of purification. Jesus himself said to the Harbinger before he was baptised: All the men must be washed, symbolic of the cleansing of the soul.(Aquarian Gospel 64: 7.) Fish was a Christian Symbol. In the earlier centuries of the my thesis ireland, Christian Dispensation the fish was everywhere used as a symbol. In his remarkable book, Christian Iconography , Didron says: The fish, in the importance of the opinion of antiquarians generally, is the my thesis, symbol of Jesus Christ. The fish is sculptured upon a number of Christian monuments, and more particularly upon the ancient sarcophagi. (The Aquarian Age)

However, the old sign of the Lamb was also kept as an identifying symbol of the messiah. In regard to these sun gods Alvin Boyd Kuhn has noted that they continually and for services, regularly appeared because they are archetypal symbols of the sun's life through the heavens, and bind ireland, as such mirror the thesis statement the importance of, earthly life of mortal being. Because, [t]o follow the yearly round of the zodiac was to epitomize graphically the whole history of human experience Moreover, in Psalms the book says that, Our God is a living fire, a consuming fire, the Lord God is a sun, and Jesus said I am come to send fire on earth, (Great Myth of Sun-Gods) a clear connection to deity and the light and bind my thesis, fire of the sun. I am indebted to David W. Purdue? Deley for the following chart that simply and evidentially compares the Jesus story with the sun and zodiac. The Story of Jesus is the story of the Sun passing through the Zodiac during the bind, year. Essay+the+things+i+carry? Note the following: The parallels demonstrated in the above chart graphically illustrate the connection and most probable overlay of the bind ireland, significance of the thesis about of, twelve signs of the zodiac by the church in order to enable the masses an easier conversion to Christianity.

For example, in the above chart the reference is made to Jesus being born and buried in a cave. This corresponds to the ancient geocentric world cosmology where the sun was thought to literally rise from the underworld (a cave) and set/return to the underworld each evening, a story that was allegorized as the sun being in a literal battle with the darkness (evil), and the rising sun portrayed the my thesis, triumph over death (evil) and uci thesis latex, a resurrection that was greeted each day by bind humanity. However, the evidence doesn't just conclude here. An examination of Christ's ministry as portrayed in the New Testament provides even more compelling evidence of Jesus as a sun allegory. Following are several passages from the New Testament (all quotations are taken from the New International Version) that clearly demonstrate the linkage between Christ and the sun for he is continually portrayed as sun imagery: Ephesians 5:14: for uci thesis latex it is light that makes everything visible. Bind My Thesis Ireland? This is why it is said: Wake up, O sleeper, rise from the dead, and Christ will shine on you. John 8:12: When Jesus spoke again to the people, he said, I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness, but will have the light of life. John 9:5: While I am in the world, I am the light of the world.

Both of the preceding two passages demonstrate that Jesus is xenophobia essay, really the sun for the light of the world is the my thesis ireland, sun. Matthew 17:12: There he was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun, and his clothes became as white as the light. John 12:35-36: Then Jesus told them, You are going to have the light just a little while longer. Walk while you have the light, before darkness overtakes you. The man who walks in the dark does not know where he is going. Put your trust in the light while you have it, so that you may become sons of light. When he had finished speaking, Jesus left and xenophobia essay, hid himself from bind, them.

Clearly, in this passage Jesus is personified as the sun and the light is an archetypal symbol of light overcoming darkness. Of course, when Jesus finished speaking the reason that he hid himself from the disciples is because the sun had set. John 3:19-20: This is the purdue, verdict: Light has come into the world, but men loved darkness instead of light because their deeds were evil. Everyone who does evil hates the light, and will not come into the light for fear that his deeds will be exposed. Can any clearer meaning be expressed concerning the literal idea that criminals most commonly do their unlawful deeds in darkness (night) and not in the light (day)? John 1:3-8: Through him all things were made; without him nothing was made that has been made. In him was life, and that life was the light of men. The light shines in the darkness, but the darkness has not understood it. Of course, and this passage is my thesis ireland, scientifically accurate in that the sun formed first in stellar evolution and then the earth and other planets came together through the attraction of gravitational mass.

Further, the sun is the source of uci thesis latex, all life for bind my thesis everything, plants and animals are dependent upon uci thesis the energy of the bind ireland, sun for life. When we eat food or drink, we are literally consuming the statement, energy of the sun; this symbolism is also obvious in the Catholic Eucharist where the bread and the wine are thought to literally change into the body and blood of Jesus, which they do, but not in the Catholic sense for bind my thesis what is really occurring is that people are consuming the transformed energy of the sun. There are numerous other examples in the New Testament that connect Jesus with sun imagery, but the point is made, and the Old Testament has imagery describing god as the sun. Next, we will explore the xenophobia essay, story of Christ specifically as an allegory of the passage of the bind my thesis ireland, sun through the twelve signs of the zodiac. Christ as an allegory of the sun. Let us now examine how the story of the life of Jesus corresponds with the thesis comparing, progression of the sun through the twelve signs of the zodiac. However, remember that the concept of representing archetypal truths in allegory form is quite ancient, and bind ireland, is not just confined to the Bible. First, the sun travels through Capricorn, the owl essays, goat during the time frame of December 22- January 19. December 22 is the winter solstice; this is the shortest day of the bind my thesis, year and after December 22 the sun begins to move back toward the northern hemisphere, the savior sun is born and the light of the world is at hand, which is apparent by December 25 the official church sanctioned birth date of Jesus, though no one knows when he was supposed to have been born.

However, it is extremely interesting to essay+the+things+i+carry note that late on the twenty-fourth of December, Virgo the Virgin is either directly on the horizon on is the ascendant. Ireland? Exactly at midnight the sun enters into Capricorn which is the goat and the manger. Jesus is born by immaculate conception of Virgo the Virgin in the manger of Capricorn the goat, the latter representative of the common conception of Jesus being born with animals. He is born in the darkness and a contract, now he is the light of the world. This symbolism of light and darkness is ancient, archetypal and cross-cultural. It has many rich resonances of meaning.

Darkness is associated with blindness, night, sleep, cold, gloom, despair, lostness, chaos, death, danger and yearning for the dawn. It is a striking image of the human condition. Light is seen as the antidote to ireland the above, and is thus an image of salvation. In the light, one is awake, able to see and essay, find one's way; it is associated with relief and rejoicing that the night is over; in the light one is safe and warm. In the light there is life….FOR MATTHEW and Luke, and for Christians ever since, Jesus is the light shining in the darkness. The author of John's Gospel makes the same affirmation with compact perfection: The true light, which enlightens everyone, was coming into my thesis ireland the world. Jesus is the light who brings enlightenment; indeed, he is the write a contract, light of the world.

This is the my thesis ireland, truth of write for services, this theme of the birth stories. And it is true independently of their historical factuality (Borg 1218). Now, continuing with Christ personified archetypally as the my thesis, sun moving yearly through the twelve signs of the zodiac, note that Christ was baptized thirty years after birth, and thirty days after the rebirth of the sun at owl essays, the winter solstice the sun enters Aquarius the water bearer (January 20-February 18), the pouring out of water a symbolic baptism, and my thesis ireland, Christ is baptized by John, the Baptist, a pouring out of water: I baptize you with water for repentance. But after me will come one who is more powerful than I, whose sandals I am not fit to carry. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire (Matthew 3:11). The fire is the flame of the sun, and what of John? The New Testament merely says that he was put in prison with no explanation offered. In the allegory, this is the constellation Aquarius moving lower and lower into the sky at sunset until it can no longer be seen, because it has been put in write a contract prison as the sun moves into the next sign of the zodiac, where each sign of the zodiac is divided into thirty degrees and there are twelve signs, as Christ had twelve disciples, and my thesis ireland, twelve times thirty equals three hundred sixty, the total number of degrees in the zodiac. Of course, the New Testament has Jesus beginning his ministry at age twelve; can a clearer point be made?

If not, then this: each of the twelve signs of the zodiac when entering into the beginning of the thirty degrees of the purdue, allotted sign, represents some event in the ministry of ireland, Christ allegorized as the sun. After the Baptism of Christ he continues on his journey into Galilee which literally means circuit, and this is the closed elliptical path of the sun on its circuit through the constellations. Here Christ selected his first disciples from fishermen, Simon and Andrew: As Jesus was walking beside the Sea of Galilee, he saw two brothers, Simon called Peter and his brother Andrew. They were casting a net into uci thesis latex the lake, for they were fishermen (Matthew 4:18). The sign following Aquarius is Pisces, the my thesis, Fish (February 19-March 20). The Catholic Lent is observed to this day in the sign of owl essays, Pisces, and fish is eaten one day of the week in obvious symbolism of this event. In his ministry Christ next transforms into the Good Shepard of the flock, watching over the lambs of the field so that they would be encouraged to not stray from the path. This corresponds to the sun entering the sign of bind my thesis, Aries the Ram (March 21-April 19), and a ram of course, is a lamb before growing into a Ram, just as Christ must grow in power before becoming truly recognized as the Lamb of purdue owl essays, God, and the Jews still celebrate the Paschal Lamb during the same time frame, a sacrifice to God as Jesus was the sacrificial lamb.

Christ as lamb means that the sun is bind my thesis, young in the sign of Aries, and will grow into the full power of the Ram, just as the sun grows in power as it passes through this sign, which is also the sign of spring, rebirth, resurrection. Christianity celebrates Easter at this time, which is really a pagan festival, and the name Easter means that the sun is rising due east. Statement Romeo And Juliet? Sunrise services are also celebrated at this time when the idea of, He is risen, is bind, thrown about. Of course, the sun has risen. Following this Christ begins his salvation of humanity. How is this accomplished? By the xenophobia essay, Eucharist, of course. The Son must provide spiritual nourishment in order for his people to be saved. The sun, entering the sign of Taurus the Bull (April 20-May 20), is the time of plowing the fields to grow crops that are nourished by the energy of the sun, and bind, thus though food energy the salvation is at hand.

After Taurus the next sign of the zodiac is Gemini the Twins (May 21-June 20); we are getting close now to the height of summer, when the sun's energy is at its most abundant and thesis romeo and juliet, the crops grow and increase, doubling, like the twins, the process of my thesis, salvation. The son's power, in his ministry, grew stronger and stronger, doubling as the multitudes reported by the New Testament followed him about the purdue, land. Following Gemini the sun enters Cancer the bind ireland, Crab (June 21-July 22). A crab is often depicted as traveling backwards, and the sun has reached its furthest point north at the summer solstice; after that the sun begins traveling backwards in its journey toward the equator once again. Christ spoke often of the backsliders, and it is at this time of year that the sun is indeed sliding back, falling, from our apparent perspective, toward the equator and the power of the sun begins to wane, as does vegetation and crops. Also interesting to note is that John the Baptist was born six months before Christ, and John 3:30 says, He must increase, but I must decrease. One power is waning, the other waxing, the story of the sun in its annual pilgrimage through the heavens, the essay+the+things+i+carry, cycle of the seasons. According to Deley: Around this point in the Jesus story an interesting thing happens - John the Baptist reappears and is beheaded.

According to the Bible, John the Baptist has been raised from the dead, (Mark 6:14), or This is John the ireland, Baptist; he has risen from the dead! (Matthew 14:2). Recall at the beginning of the xenophobia essay, allegory how Aquarius moved below the western horizon at sunset as the year went from January to February and the Sun traveled from Aquarius to Pisces. Each Zodiac constellation in turn goes below the horizon at sunset as each month passes. After six months the constellation of Aquarius begins to rise on the eastern horizon at sunset, and it appears that the head of Aquarius is cut off by the horizon. This is John the Baptist rising from the dead, the dead being those who are below the earth. This is the bind ireland, beheading of essay+the+things+i+carry, John the bind my thesis ireland, Baptist by comparing King Herod, a personification of darkness, which reigns supreme at night (See Matthew Chapter 2-The Birth of Jesus for more on King Herod). My Thesis? (Solar Mythology and the Jesus Story) After Cancer comes Leo the Lion. Purdue Owl Essays? Christ had to first be the Lamb (Aries) before he could become the bind my thesis ireland, Lion of Judah (Leo). The lion is essay+the+things+i+carry, a symbol of majestic royalty, power, awe inspiring majesty, and it is at this time of my thesis, year (July 22-August 23) that the sun is at its most royal incarnation as it travels through the zodiac.

It is in Revelation 5:5 that Christ is called Lion of the Tribe of Judah. This majesty is seen in Jesus' rebuking of the write, wind and the waves, and it is the power of the sun at the hottest months of the year. Bind My Thesis? The power of the sun as the allegorical Christ is manifested at the grave of essay+the+things+i+carry, Lazarus when he proclaimed, Lazarus, come forth! (John 11:43). This is resurrection power, the calling forth of the dead just as the sun calls forth and provides energy to the land. The symbolism is quite obvious, as this is the my thesis, masculine archetype of power. We come now to Virgo the Virgin (August 23-September 23). This is the time of year when the sun, traveling south, crosses the how to for services, equator once again at the autumnal equinox.

The sun passes over the equator where this celestial body is annually crucified, and he the sun as the cross on its back like Christ climbing toward Golgotha, only this Golgotha will be the crucifixion of the vernal equinox. In addition, according to Deley, Harvest time comes about three quarters of the way through the year, and it's the happiest time of the year. And about bind my thesis ireland three quarters of the way through the Jesus story is essay+the+things+i+carry, his triumphant entry into Jerusalem, which is the happiest part of the story (Mark 11:1-11; Matthew 21:1-11; Luke 19:28-44; John 12:12-16). Everyone knows him and is happy to see him. Jesus' triumphant entry into Jerusalem is an allegory for the Sun's triumphant entry into Virgo, because that means it is harvest time, the best time of year.

Harvest time is The Kingdom of bind my thesis, Heaven time which Jesus refers to in earnest as coming soon throughout the story up to here. (Solar Mythology) Directly after Virgo the sun enters Libra the Scales of purdue, Justice (September 23-October 22). This is the time of harvest, when all the ireland, bounties and fruits that the energy of the sun has provided in xenophobia the growing season are reaped. At this point Deley notes that it is bind my thesis, time to sell the harvest. So the harvest is weighed out in the buying and xenophobia, selling process, and it is at my thesis, this time that Jesus, On reaching Jerusalem, Jesus entered the temple area and essay+the+things+i+carry, began driving out bind ireland, those who were buying and selling there. He overturned the tables of the money changers and the benches of those selling doves… (Mark 11:15). Jesus, as the sun, is leaving the sign of essay+the+things+i+carry, Libra for the harvest is over, just as the ireland, money changers packed up and left. Directly preceding this event from the xenophobia essay, New Testament, Jesus curses the my thesis ireland, fig tree: The next day as they were leaving Bethany, Jesus was hungry. Seeing in the distance a fig tree in leaf, he went to find out if it had any fruit.

When he reached it, he found nothing but leaves, because it was not the season for figs. Then he said to essay+the+things+i+carry the tree, May no one ever eat fruit from you again (Mark 11: 12-14). The tree withered up and died because this is the autumn season, the year is declining, just as the son is also declining. Following this event Jesus and the Twelve disciples have the last supper, for the year is closing and bind my thesis ireland, the twelve are the purdue owl essays, signs of the zodiac that the sun has nearly passed through. Bind My Thesis Ireland? The time is now Scorpio the thesis about the importance of, Scorpion (October 23-November 22), and these two months October and November symbolize the two thieves that Christ is crucified between, because these months are the two thieves of the year when there is no harvest, the sun further descends toward its weakest point of winter that will occur at the Winter solstice. Bind My Thesis? Jesus is betrayed now by Judas, the sign of Scorpio, and write for services, he betrays Christ for thirty pieces of silver, this event symbolizing the thirty days of a month. The sun is betrayed at this point, for it will soon be at its weakest, and Sagittarius the Archer (November 22-December 21) is the culmination of the death story of the sun, that will soon be reborn on December 21 at the Winter solstice, and thus the cycle of the year is complete, as is the story of Jesus as an archetypal allegory of the sun. Comments and bind my thesis ireland, questions may be sent to the author at [emailprotected]

Borg, Marcus. Light in the Darkness (the Christmas Myth and Bible as Literature). The Christian Century Dec. 16 1998: 1218. Campion, Nick. The Origins of Astrology. Nick Campion's Online Astrology Resource. 09 Oct. 2005 http://www.nickcampion.com/nc/history/origins.htm. Deley, David W. The Story of Jesus is the Story of the Sun Passing Through the Zodiac During the Year.12 Jan.

2006 http://members.cox.net/deleyd/religion/jesusoutline.html. Deley, David W. Solar Mythology and the Jesus Story. 24 Feb. 2006 http://members.cox.net/deleyd/religion/solarmyth/christ2002.htm. Dowling, Eva S. The Aquarian Age Gospel of thesis the importance of, Jesus, the Christ of the Piscean Age. The Reluctant Messenger. My Thesis? 19 Dec. 2005 http://reluctant-messenger.com/aquarian_gospel.htm. Fiske, John. Myths and Myth-makers: Old Tales and Superstitions Interpreted by Comparative Mythology. 1872.

Electronic Text Center. University of Virginia Library. 16 Dec. 2005 . s1-248. Gillman, Ken. How To A Contract For Services? Twelve Gods and bind, Seven Planets. C.U.R.A. Uci Thesis Latex? University Centre for my thesis Astrological Research. Jan. 1997. Essay+the+things+i+carry? 19 Dec.

2005 http://cura.free.fr/decem/10kengil.html. Goldberg, G.J. Josephus' Account of Jesus The Testimonium Flavianum . Flavius Josephus Home Page. 3 Sep. 2005. 07 Oct.

2005 http://members.aol.com/FLJOSEPHUS/testimonium.htm. Horn, Thomas. Bind My Thesis Ireland? Ancient Israel, the how to write a contract, Zodiac, and the Sun God. Christian News Service 2004. Ireland? 15 Oct 2005 http://www.raidersnewsupdate.com/helios.htm. Immaculate Conception,The. Virgin Births. Xenophobia? 28 March 2000. Crosscircle.com.

18 Dec. 2005 http://www.crosscircle.com/CH_2m.htmVS. Invention of Christendom. Theosophy March 1966: 140-146. Jabbar, Malik H. The Astrological Foundation of the Christ Myth. Bind Ireland? Rare Books. Jackson, John G. Pagan Origins of the how to write, Christ Myth Part Two: The Christ Myth. The John G. Jackson Virtual Museum. 1941. 09 Oct. 2005 http://www.nbufront.org/html/MastersMuseums/JGJackson/ChristMyth/ChristMythPart2.html.

Johnson, Richard and bind my thesis, Gregory van Berkel. The Zodiac: Stellar Stories. Rhodes University Astronomy Society. 09 Oct. 2005 http://72.14.203.104/search?q=cache:Uk0JZwNRzEUJ:astrosoc.soc.ru.ac.za/archive/docs/The%2520Zodiac.pdf+ancient+heroes+and+the+zodiachl=en.

Kuhn, Alvin Boyd. The Great Myth of the Sun-Gods. October 1934. Essay? 18 Dec. 2005 http://www.tphta.ws/ABK_GMSG.HTM. Mangasarian, Mangasar Magurditch. The Truth About Jesus Is He a Myth?.

The Project Gutenberg Ebook. 10 Oct. 2005 http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext04/ttaji10.txt. Maxwell, Jordan. Sun Worship. Bind? 04 Nov. 2005 .http://smithbrad.nventure.com/sunworship.htm. Pagan Christs.

Pagan Origins of the Christ Myth. 09 Oct. 2005 http://home.earthlink.net/ Remsberg, John E. Sources of the Christ Myth:Pagan Divinities. The Christ. 2000. 16 Dec. 2005 http://www.positiveatheism.org/hist/rmsbrg11.htm.

Rogge, Michael. The Christ Myth. Man and the Unknown. 1 Dec. 2003. 19 Dec. 2005 http://www.xs4all.nl/ S, Acharya. The Origins of Christianity and the Quest for the Historical Jesus. 2006. 17 Dec.

2005 http://www.truthbeknown.com/origins.htm. Savior Myth. Pagan Origins of the Christ Myth. 17 Dec. 2005 http://home.earthlink.net/ Sun, a Universal Deity, The. Essay+the+things+i+carry? Secret Teachings of All Ages. Sacred Texts. 04 Nov. 2005 http://www.sacred-texts.com/eso/sta/sta11.htm. Sun Worship.

Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2000 http://smithbrad.nventure.com/sunworship.htm. © 1997-2000 . CD_ROM. My Thesis? ed. Twelve Labours,The. Wikipedia. 31 Oct 2005. Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia.

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