Research paper homeschooling

argument essay blog When you get into debates with friends or family members, do you tend to win or lose? The art of arguing is closely related to your ability to harness compelling facts, statistics, and concepts that support your viewpoint on a topic. When you lose an argument, chances are you only used opinion to support your position. Being able to argue in research paper a logical and simple on terrorism, reasonable way is a great life skill. It will help you to stand up for what you think is right and to get others to pay attention to your reasoning. In this blog post, I’ll teach you the secrets of a strong argumentative essay. Research Paper. Important Elements of an Argumentative Essay. The goal of an argumentative essay is to convince others that your opinion is valid. Usually, an argumentative essay addresses readers who hold an opposing viewpoint on a particular issue. Fence Journey. For example, you might argue the virtues of solar power to a group of research homeschooling city leaders invested in coal and oil.

There are four important elements to consider when constructing an argumentative essay. When selecting an issue to argue, you need to choose a topic that has more than one side. For example, there is no way you can argue on the topic of whether humans walk on two legs because it’s a known fact with no attached debate. However, you could argue for days about rabbit-proof, contentious topics like GMOs, gun control, and even fast food. Research. For example, should the government regulate the sale of sugary beverages? That’s certainly a question up for debate. You can’t possibly argue if you don’t take a stance and write a compelling thesis. Imagine reading an simple on terrorism, argument about the paper homeschooling, regulation of different communication sugary beverages that says something like, “I enjoy drinking Pepsi, so I’d like to be able to purchase it as I please, but the government should regulate it because it’s making me gain weight.” All this does is confuse the reader.

Is the author for or against paper homeschooling the regulation of sugary beverages? Take a stance and stick with it. A strong stance might be, “The government should regulate the purchase of sugary beverages because these drinks lead to simple essay on terrorism, a higher prevalence of diabetes.” In this second example, it’s obvious which side of the paper homeschooling, argument the author is what ways different, taking. #3 Your argument must be supportable. A good argument requires the use of logic and paper, irrefutable evidence. You must be able to back up your statements with facts, statistics, examples, and informed opinions from marshall essay competition experts.

In the argument for regulating sugary beverages, the research homeschooling, author might write something like, “A study by Imperial College London found that drinking just one 12-ounce can of soda per day leads to a 22% increase in essay a person’s chances of developing diabetes.” An argumentative essay does not include unsubstantiated opinions. Research. Writing “I think sugary drinks should be regulated because they are unhealthy” is not a valid argument…unless you support it with evidence. Simple Essay. #4 You must refute alternate positions. Research Homeschooling. The final element of a strong argumentative essay is refuting alternate positions. By addressing opposing positions, you make your argument stronger. It’s best to try to address the most common opposing beliefs. For example, an opponent might say, “By drinking sugary drinks, I’m only hurting myself, so it’s not the government’s place to ban them.” To refute this argument, the fund essay competition, author might write something like, “The American Diabetes Association reports that the cost of research homeschooling diabetes has risen 41% in violence five short years, from $174 billion in 2007 to homeschooling, $245 billion in 2012. It’s a social problem that decreases productivity in the body essay the workforce and paper, costs taxpayers money.” By refuting alternate opinions, you make your opponents question their own arguments, which is a powerful tactic indeed. A Real Argumentative Essay Dissected.

To help you wrap your mind around the what ways are expository different to business, argumentative essay, I’ll dissect an example from a real argument that I found online. In a 2013 Slate article, “The End of the College Essay,” author Rebecca Schuman argues against the practice of college teachers assigning essays to students. She follows the four elements of an argumentative essay as I described above. Here’s a table that breaks it down for research paper you: Now, as an English buff and a fierce believer in essay the importance of being able to homeschooling, communicate well through writing, I’m definitely against Schuman’s argument. However, she does such an rabbit-proof fence journey, amazing job writing her argumentative essay that I have to admit she makes a compelling point.

And that, my friends, is the mark of a successful argument! Final Thoughts on the Argumentative Essay. An argumentative essay doesn’t always have to follow a traditional 5-paragraph outline structure. As long as it contains all four of the elements we discussed, you can write a compelling and thorough argument. Next time you need to write an research paper homeschooling, argumentative essay, simply create an outline that covers the essay journey, four steps I discussed. It might look something like this: How many points and counterarguments you include will depend on several factors, including your teacher’s requirements, if applicable, and the number of excellent points you can find to support your position in the first place. When in doubt, refer to the requirements of your assignment. Homeschooling. Also, be sure to include a good hook sentence to fence journey, start off your paper. You’ll definitely lose the research paper, argument if no one wants to read your essay. Finally, an argumentative essay that is polished and edited will be better received than one that isn’t.

Don’t go into your next argumentative essay empty-handed. Instead, gather the supportive evidence you need to argue and win. Good luck! * Cover Image Credit: Northern Mockingbird juveniles at a bird bath in Austin, Texas. Original photo by rabbit-proof, Chiltepinster. (Creative Commons license) Psst. 98% of Kibin users report better grades! Get inspiration from over 500,000 example essays. About the paper, Author. Naomi Tepper is a former Kibin editor, the rabbit-proof fence essay, former content manager for the Kibin blog, and forever a word nerd.

Strong argumentative essay can only be achieve if you have the perfect skill on research paper homeschooling, how to do it. In such a way that you can be able to violence essay, show or express the things that you wanted. #8212; Please reply above this line #8212; ## Naomi replied, on Mar 14 @ 8:10am (PDT): ## Conversation started by paper, Disqus, on Mar 14 @ 8:09am (PDT): A NEW COMMENT WAS POSTED ON KIBIN BLOG [4] Strong argumentative essay can only be achieve if you have the. perfect skill on how to do it. In such a way that you can be able to show or express the things that you wanted. 11:08 a.m., Friday March 14. REPLY TO THYVES [7] Moderate This Comment By Email. Email address: [emailprotected] [8] | IP address: 49.145.47.241.

Reply to this email with #8220;Delete#8221;, #8220;Approve#8221;, or #8220;Spam#8221;, or moderate from the DISQUS MODERATION PANEL [9]. You#8217;re receiving this message because you#8217;re signed up to receive notifications about activity on threads authored by violence in society, kibin. Research. You can unsubscribe [10] from emails about activity on threads authored by kibin by replying to this email with #8220;unsubscribe#8221; or reduce the rate with which these emails are sent by adjusting your notification settings [11]. Thank you, I#8217;m glad you found this to are expository different, be helpful! The main thing in argumatative esaay to be expressive,powerful and defining your topic all the way.a controversy essay make it argumantative.thanx for sharing with us. You made me to see a big picture of writing. You#8217;re awesome.

Sweet! Happy to paper homeschooling, help. #128578; Keep writing. I am inclined to query a point raised here: you provide the example of essay #8220;The End of the College Essay#8221;, which includes the refutation of opponent#8217;s views as, basically, #8220;Look at Zuckerburg, he did well for himself.#8221; However, I personally find this to be incredibly weak as a refutation: outliers (especially extreme outliers like used here) are, by definition, not representative of the normal or average person. Homeschooling. Additionally I#8217;m fairly certain this is a logical fallacy as well (anecdotal fallacy). I believe she has also used a conditional probability fallacy (also known as the artist essay, inverse fallacy), and I believe a few others, just in this one argument. Research Paper Homeschooling. However, I am not here trying to refute her refutation or argue against her essay: I would do that on her blog if I felt the need, and am only providing the preceding as context for my issue. What Ways Are Expository To Business Communication. I am going to be sitting the GAMSAT (which contains two thirty minute timed essays, one argumentative, one personal) in a month and reading a lot about essay writing, and so what I am querying is: does your refutation not need to be strong or even particularly logical? Can it even include logical fallacies and examples of Black Swan Theory?

Additionally, are these sorts of things overlooked (partially at least) in timed essays due to paper, the rushed nature? Clearly you have a critical mindset that will serve you extremely well when developing your argumentative paper for ways are expository different communication the GAMSAT. Of course, a strong and logical refutation would be better than a weak or illogical one (as you have pointed out here). I wouldn#8217;t bank on logical fallacies or any other weakness being overlooked due to research paper homeschooling, the timed essay format. All that said, it sounds like you are going to be more than prepared to leadership analysis, tackle this. I love article!

It#8217;s really helping me write what I want but in research the correct format. Artist. Thank you naomi! I was wondering if you could also help me with letter writing. My IGCSE boards are coming soon and I would like to perfect the research paper, outline of a good letter before going further. Thank you for all your help. Analysis. #128578; So happy you found this article useful!

And thank you for the comment. I haven#8217;t actually covered the topic of letter writing yet on this blog (but I will put it into my list of ideas for the future!). I did find this site which seems to paper homeschooling, have some pretty good pointers: http://www.goodletterwriting.com/formal-letters.html. Good luck with the IGCSE boards! Typically, you *won#8217;t use first-person #8220;I#8221; when writing an argumentative essay (unless your teacher is asking for simple essay on terrorism you to share *your opinion about an issue from a personal perspective). You can learn more about first-person and third-person academic writing in these articles: With all that I keep reading I feel more confused on the direction of forming a thesis statement and paper, producing an argumentative essay on the use of information and violence in society, communication technology in early childhood settings. I am for the use but unsure how to form the research, essay. The Body. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks in paper advance. Here is a thesis statement framework to help you get started: Allowing young children access to information and communication technology offers a positive and rabbit-proof fence, necessary form of education in paper homeschooling early childhood settings.

Add a sentence here that contains 2-3 reasons to support this position that you will dive into in the rest of your paper. Hello. Do you have a sample argument essays with side comments/annotations?

Law and Ethics in Nursing Essay Sample. According to Edwards (2009) “Ethical problems are faced continuously in our day to day lives.” He then goes on to discuss various examples of the types of ethical issues many individuals can face during a typical day, such as a homeless person asking for research paper, money for food and explains how this common dilemma has an ethical dimension to it that most ordinary people may not be aware of. When defining an ethical dilemma, the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) (1997) bring a human element to the definition and explain how choices are made with the what ways are expository essays different communication consideration personal feelings, principles, beliefs and personal opinion of what is good or bad within a situation (Jones, 2007). Nurses are faced with many more ethical problems on a day to day basis within health care environments than ordinary members of the research homeschooling community and the increasing variety of ethical issues that arise within modern nursing practice is why it is essential that nurses study law and ethics (Edwards, 2009).The literature suggests nurses are far more likely to experience ethical dilemmas on a daily basis and often these ethical problems are associated with legal issues. Chaloner (2007) describes law and ethics as ‘instruments of regulation’ and uses an example relating to public opinion of intentional killing to provide scope for a brief discussion on how statute law can sometimes reflect society’s ethical views. It is also imperative that registered nurses have a sound legal knowledge and understand the analysis essay legal consequences of their actions (Dingwall, 2007) Chaloner (2007) believes that understanding ethics within nursing is essential to providing skilled nursing care in practice.

The advances in research modern medicine have directly affected the role of nurses and as a result nurses are now faced with decision making that may conflict their own moral values (Edwards, 2009). The study of ethics can enhance nursing practice by artist ensuring that nurses have the skills and knowledge to homeschooling tackle ethical dilemmas and fence essay, the study of ethics also helps to develop nurses own personal moral values and beliefs, ensuring that they are able to paper homeschooling make ethical decisions with a higher quality of reasoning (Allmark, 2005). This assignment aims to explore the legal and ethical implications of ways essays different to business, covert medication administration based on an incident witnessed in practice and will conduct a critical analysis using Gibbs’ (1988) reflective cycle. This assignment will also examine the moral theories and principles that affect every day nursing practice and will examine the rationale for reflective practice in nursing. For the purpose of this assignment and to maintain confidentiality in accordance with the research homeschooling NMC’s Code of Professional Conduct (2008) the analysis patient’s name within the critical incident has been changed. Moral theories examine how we make decisions based on our own personal beliefs e.g. what we believe is paper, right or wrong and the factors that influence our beliefs. Violence Essay! Edwards (2009) identifies three influential moral theories that are often related to nursing practice; Utilitarianism, Deontology and virtue theory.

Utilitarianism theories were originally devised by J. Bentham [1748-1832] and J.S. Paper! Mill [1808-73]. Beauchamp Childress (2008) describe utilitarianism as a consequence based theory and identify the violence in society main principle of this theory as utility, stating “This principle asserts that we ought always to produce the maximal balance of positive value over disvalue (or the least possible disvalue if only undesirable results can be achieved).”(P.341). The authors then explain how the Utilitarian approach to ethics is one that believes that negative actions can be justified as long as the outcome was positive. Edwards (2009) gives an example of research paper homeschooling, how the Utilitarian theory relates to ethical decision making in nursing by describing a terminally ill patient in constant pain. Edwards (2009) then continues to the body discuss how the research paper Utilitarian approach with regards to care for this patient would be based upon opting for the course of treatment that would result in the least amount of pain, regardless of other consequences. Deontological theories, also known as duty-based ethics, are often referred to in the competition literature as non-consequentialist ethics due to the main principles conflicting with those of consequentialist ethics. Research Paper Homeschooling! The key elements of deontology can be simplified as shown below, stated by the BBC: “Duty-based ethics teaches that some acts are right or wrong because of the sorts of things they are, and people have a duty to act accordingly, regardless of the good or bad consequences that may be produced.” “Duty-based Ethics” from BBC Ethics Guide http://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics Noble-Adams (1999) describes the Utilitarianism and deontological theories as the two dominant theories of ethics although notes that each of these theories have their limitations.

Noble-Adams (1999) believes that the Utilitarian approach is faltered as the consequences of actions are hard to predict or validate which could pose a risk of harm to others. The deontological approach is also criticised by Noble-Adams (1999) due to the fact that following stringent moral rules, as is the body artist, common with this approach, make it difficult to choose the right course of action. Edwards (2009) agrees with the research homeschooling criticisms made by Noble-Adams (1999) and believes that it is extremely difficult to foresee the consequences of particular acts and also notes how Utilitarianism can often lead to a lack of truth telling (p.32) which poses conflict for nurses in particular with relation to moral principles and the NMC’s Code of are expository different to business, Professional Conduct (2008). Edwards (2009) explores the limitations of the deontologist theory in more detail than Noble-Adams (1999) by firstly discussing the difficulties in paper homeschooling understanding the work of philosopher Kant (p.34) and secondly discussing in detail the moral implications of truth telling in contrast to Kant’s theory (p.39-41). Edwards (2009) gives an example of how lying could be ethically justified within the text by using a hypothetical situation where an innocent relative or friend could be at essay, risk and the only research way to rabbit-proof essay journey protect them would be to tell a lie.

The author then states how “…lying is never justified for Kant.” (p.40) and goes on to note the paper implausibility of that statement in in society essay relation to nursing practice. Edwards (2009) offers further criticisms suggesting that the literature behind the theory is inadequate and also states that he believes the deontological theory to be inappropriate in the health care setting. Conversely, Forschler (2013) introduces a new dimension to the arguments for and against each theory by comparing the arguments of two authors with conflicting views as to whether Kant’s views could have led him to research paper homeschooling Utilitarianism had his own bias not affected his approach. Simple! Chaloner (2007) believes these established theories to paper homeschooling be fundamental to ethical decision making in practice and suggests that by studying these concepts and principles, nurses can make an ethical analysis when faced with ethical dilemmas. Edwards (2009) writes of the principle-based approach to ethics in rabbit-proof fence which nurses are encouraged to focus on the four moral principles identified by Beauchamp and Childress (2008) (p.12). They offer a set of moral principles that they believe should function as a basis for research, ethics within nursing as follows; respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice. During discussion of nursing ethics Meetoo (2009) states his belief that there are no solutions to ethical problems and simple on terrorism, that they should not be sought. However, Meetoo (2009) relates the principled approach to the topic within his article addressing each of the four principles in detail, yet he is reluctant to research paper promote the use of one ethical framework.

He claims that if alternatives to the principled approach were more widely available nurses would be able to make ethical decisions with more multicultural and rabbit-proof fence essay, international considerations. The four moral principles within the principled approach are defined as autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice. Paper! Autonomy is defined in the literature as the essay ability to research homeschooling make one’s own decisions freely and violence, maintain personal morals, values and beliefs as individuals. Thus to be autonomous is to be free to make our own decisions and be in control of our own lives (McParland et al, 2000). Non-maleficence relates to paper the moral obligation not to inflict harm on others physically or mentally and beneficence describes the obligation to ‘do good’, prevent/remove harm and act in ways that promote well-being in others (Edwards, 2009). The principle of justice in german marshall essay relation to homeschooling nursing requires being just and fair to all patients and respecting their human rights and analysis essay, dignity (Hussey, 2011). Research Homeschooling! The UKCC (1992) states that nurses’, midwives and health visitors should ensure that they act in the best interests of their patients and promote and safeguard their interests. Ways Essays Different To Business Communication! This directly relates to the principled approach to homeschooling nursing practice, as to protect and essay in india, safeguard an individual is part of ensuring they are able to make independent well informed decisions as stipulated by research homeschooling the NMC Code of Conduct (2008). McParland et al (2000) suggest that one of the ways in which nurses can ensure they respect autonomy in practice is by ensuring patients and their families are given relevant information relating to their care and encouraged to make their own decisions, regardless of the potential outcomes or the moral values the nurse may have. Beauchamp and Childress (2008) also discuss how respecting autonomy involves the obligations to the body artist essay respect the decisions of others and allow others to be self-governing.

The principle of autonomy directly links with non-maleficence and beneficence when it comes to paper homeschooling ethical decision making within nursing practice and a good example of this can be found when examining the literature relating to covert medication. Tweddle (2009) explains how the fence essay journey principles of beneficence and non-maleficence can conflict when making ethical decisions relating to health care. When discussing whether to conceal medication in food is in the best interests of the patient, Tweddle (2009) states “The underlying question is whether the harm caused by giving the research paper medication covertly is greater than the harm the marshall fund essay patient may sustain if they do not receive the medication at research paper, all.” (p.938) In this example it would be considered non-maleficent to administer medication covertly as to withhold the medication could result in harm, however the beneficence of the act must also be considered and in this case it would be the obligation to act positively and honestly, which would stipulate that to give medication covertly is a dishonest act which could not be considered beneficent (Tweddle, 2009). Another notable example of how the four principles conflict in essay on terrorism in india nursing practice is that of nurses being advocates for patients and McParland et al (2000) gives the example of how a nurse may explain a procedure to a patient that they may not have understood when explained by research another healthcare professional. The principle of autonomy takes the german fund essay main focus here as to remain autonomous the patient must be well informed of the procedure in order to make an autonomous choice regarding their care. Advocating for the patient in this way is beneficent and non-maleficent as explaining the procedure fully to the patient is research paper, ensuring that no harm is caused (non-maleficent) and giving the patient an honest, clear description of the procedure is to benefit the patient and ensure the situation is improved (beneficent). The principle of justice is maintained in this example as the nurse is ensuring the patient is well informed which would suggest that the nurse is mindful and respectful of the human rights of the patient. Essay! However this kind of advocacy is highly likely to cause conflict within the care team and the nurse advocating could find themselves in a difficult position between the duty to the patient and the duty to work as part of a team (McParland et al, 2000). Edwards (2009) also advises against nurses bombarding patients with an amount of information that they may find overwhelming. Homeschooling! Even when all the information given by the nurse is relevant and/or important, Edwards (2009) warns that to do so is violence, not to respect their autonomy.

Tweddle (2009) discusses how the duty for paper, health care professionals to respect autonomy can conflict with the principle of beneficence when related to the refusal of treatment. The author describes how beneficent acts aim to german essay competition promote physical wellbeing and reduce suffering yet acknowledges that it is research paper homeschooling, not possible to essay competition define what beneficent acts are specifically as individuals have different ideas and definitions of illness and pain (p.936). Each of the four principles will be explored in greater detail and related to the ethical dilemma within the analysis section later in this assignment. The use of the principled approach to research ethical decision making interlinks with the use of reflective practice within nursing in the sense that the four principles can be reflected upon and explored further using reflection. The next section aims to highlight the importance of reflection in modern nursing practice and the ways in which nurses can reflect using reflective models. Reflection is a necessary part of nursing practice as it can facilitate the understanding of actions carried out and the consequences that follow, and is a way of learning from experience (McSherry et al, 2002). There are two types of essay, reflection that can be related to nursing practice discussed in paper the literature; reflection in essay action and reflection on action (Schon, 1991). Reflection in action is when an individual reflects on the situation as it occurs and reflection on action is when an individual reflects on the situation after the paper event (Burns Bullman, 2000). The reflection used within this assignment will be reflection on action, as the incident was reflected upon after the event occurred. Atkins Murphy (1993) believe that the literature relating to reflection lacks depth and the clear concept of essay, reflection is paper, not clarified by the authors that explore it. This view is echoed by Andrews, Gidman Humphreys (1998) who also detail how reflection is more than just recollection and essay journey, go on to discuss how reflection can be used as an educational tool for nurses if the process of reflection is homeschooling, taught correctly.

Taylor (2000) believes that there is a great deal of importance in rabbit-proof essay nurses aspiring to be reflective practitioners and discusses how describing, analysing and evaluating care provided to research homeschooling patients could be imperative to the improvement of essay on terrorism, future nursing care. The literature relating to reflection and reflective practice highlights the importance of analysing critical incidents in order to research fully understand the artist concept of reflection and use it to homeschooling enhance nursing practice. However Andrews et al (1998) dispute the fact that reflection can immediately benefit and improve nursing practice by noting how there is little evidence in the literature to prove this theory and that often it is presumed that reflection will lead to better nursing practice with no theoretical proof. Andrews et al (1998) examine the literature and simple on terrorism in india, conclude that the process of reflection bares more importance to the content of the reflection, noting also how there is a need for more research and clarification on this topic There are several processes for reflection defined in the literature. Schon (1991) identifies three stages of reflectivity as conscious reflection, criticism and action (Atkins Murphy, 1993 p.1189). Atkins Murphy (1993) interpret the research first stage as an awareness of analysis, uncomfortable thoughts and feelings, the second involving a critical analysis of the situation and the third stage being the development of a new perspective following the use of stages one and two, concluding that the homeschooling overall outcome of reflection is what are expository essays communication, learning. Mezirow (1981) defines the conclusive stage as ‘perspective transformation’ (Atkins Murphy 1993, p.1190). The authors detail how the literature moves from studying reflective processes to reviewing the skills needed by those promoting reflection as an educational tool yet notes how the skills required are not specifically identified (p.1190).

Conversely, Andrews et al (1998) refer to reflecting as a ‘highly skilled activity’ (p.414) although the authors argue that the skills required for reflection are taken for granted in research paper homeschooling many cases and discuss how assumptions are often made that reflection in nursing practice does not require much effort, suggesting that nurses have always done it. The literature offers a multitude of essay, ideas and opinions on why nurses should reflect and the key aspects have been developed into numerous frameworks available to assist nurses with the reflective process (Barnett, 2005). Broad frameworks have been developed by theorists Gibbs (1981) and Johns (1994) with a view to enable nurses to reflect critically using a logical approach (Somerville Keeling, 2004). Johns’ (1994) model of structured reflection asks the user five questions that aim to enable the research homeschooling user to break down the events of the incident and reflect on the outcomes (see appendix 2). Essay On Terrorism In India! This model was originally based on Carper’s (1978) 4 patterns of knowing; ethics, aesthetics, personal knowledge and empirics (Johns, 1995). Barnett (2005) selects Johns’ (1994) model for her critical analysis as she believes that the model provides a systematic structure that encourages the user to examine personal thoughts and actions. Barnett (2005) also suggests that this model is research paper, suitable for practitioners who are new to reflection due to the simplicity of the framework and the ability to adapt the model to most situations. The contrasting framework to be explored here is Gibbs’ (1988) reflective cycle. Comprising of six stages, (see appendix 1) Gibbs’ model asks the practitioner to answer questions about the event in a specific order, encouraging them to reflect on the experience with a structured and logical approach. Are Expository Different! Jones (2007) writes a reflective account using Gibbs’ (1988) model and research paper, explains that her reasons for doing so are due to ways in which the model encourages personal development and the simplicity of the framework overall.

She uses the model to fence essay identify the dilemma and then conduct an analysis of the incident in research which she examines the violence in society legal and homeschooling, ethical perspectives before coming to a conclusion that includes her opinions on what she would do differently if the incident were to arise again. On Terrorism In India! Gibbs’ (1988) model will be used in research paper homeschooling this assignment due to the simplicity of the questions within the model and the ways that the model encourages the user to explore and reflect on every aspect of the incident. Rabbit-proof Essay Journey! Gibbs’ (1988) reflective cycle has been selected for this assignment after careful consideration and comparison to Johns’ (1994) model on the basis that Gibbs’ (1988) offers a simplistic approach yet allows the paper homeschooling user to fully explore each section. It was also discovered within the literature that Johns’ (1994) model encourages the user to explore more complex personal thoughts and on terrorism in india, feelings in greater depth than Gibbs’ (1988) model (Barnett, 2005), something that is not relevant to the critical incident that will be explored in research this assignment. The use of the model by rabbit-proof fence journey Jones (2007) suggests that Gibbs’ (1988) offers the correct framework to follow when exploring the critical incident below, as Jones (2007) is able to easily identify the legal and ethical implications within the incident in a logical style that is easy for paper homeschooling, the reader to marshall fund interpret. The following critical incident will be explored using the six-stage cycle (see appendix 1) addressing each question as it is depicted within the cycle, beginning with the first stage which asks the reflector to describe the event to be examined. During a clinical placement in a community hospital I often observed the paper medication rounds and noted that a particular patient’s medication was being administered covertly on a regular basis. The patient concerned was Mrs Green*, a 93 year old female suffering with dementia who had been admitted from a nursing home after developing a chest infection. Mrs Green was reluctant to take any medication when prompted and due to rabbit-proof fence essay her lack of capacity, the nurses had taken to administering her morning anti-psychotic medication hidden in her porridge.

Mrs Green had no living relatives to advocate for her so the decision to homeschooling administer her medication in this way was made by analysis essay the nursing team. The nursing staff on research paper the ward concluded that this was in her best interests after being informed by the nursing home staff that this was how her medication was administered in the nursing home. The ward sister was advised that the decision to hide the medication in food was due to the confusion and agitation Mrs Green experienced when she had not taken her medication and she noted down this conversation into Mrs Green’s nursing notes to inform other staff of the issue. As my mentor, the ward sister instructed me to administer Mrs Green’s medication covertly and she supervised me as I did so, reassuring me that this was in Mrs Green’s best interests. With Gibbs’ (1988) reflective cycle in mind I can clearly recall my thoughts and feelings after being instructed to administer medication covertly. Leadership! Although it was fully explained to me the reasons why the medication was given in this way and I was also shown the documentation supporting the decision to administer covertly, I could not help but feel as though I was not respecting Mrs Green’s autonomy. Homeschooling! I was certainly aware of her lack of capacity to consent and felt that given the complexity of the issues relating to the administration of medication to patients who lack capacity, the ward sister should have given the medication instead. At the time I was not comfortable in administering the medication in this way as a student nurse, although upon reflection I became aware that the ward sister presented me with a legal and simple essay on terrorism in india, ethical issue that I could learn from and research paper homeschooling, encouraged me to deal with the situation as I would when I become a qualified nurse. The second stage of Gibbs’ (1988) model asks the user to evaluate the incident and decipher what was good and bad about it. In the case of Mrs Green, there are positive and negative aspects of the incident that can be identified using reflection. Violence In Society Essay! The decision to research paper homeschooling administer medication covertly did not seem to have been taken lightly, the liaison between the nursing home staff and the ward sister suggests that staff on the ward did not instantly make this decision due to Mrs Green’s confusion and aggression.

The fact that the ward staff contacted the essay nursing home could suggest that they were indeed trying to act in the best interests of homeschooling, Mrs Green after discovering she suffered from dementia and had no living relatives to act as advocates. However the liaison between the ward staff and the nursing home could also indicate a negative aspect of the body essay, this incident as it could suggest that the ward staff contacted the nursing home to ascertain how they administer her medication and upon discovering that they did so covertly, they have simply continued this practice without considering the legal implications or questioning the rationale behind this decision. From what I witnessed during the incident I feel it was a positive experience overall, as it seemed as though the staff were trying to advocate for homeschooling, Mrs Green and by ensuring she took her prescribed medication they also ensured that she was calm and comfortable throughout her time on the ward. The next stage of leadership essay, Gibbs’ (1988) reflective cycle requires an analysis of the critical incident which will be conducted by examining the literature surrounding the legal and ethical issues of research, covert medication. Haw Stubbs (2010) state that the literature relating to covert medication to older adults is ‘sparse’ and violence, conducted a study to review the existing studies of the subject and also reviewed the national guidelines of covert medication along with the legal and ethical implications of such practice. Covert medication is defined by Haw Stubbs (2010) as the practice whereby medication is administered to patients hidden in food or drink, without their knowledge or consent. Haw Stubbs (2010) describe covert medication as unethical when administered to patients who have mental capacity, capacity being defined by the Mental Capacity Act, (2005) however they give examples of research paper homeschooling, when covert medication is considered to be in the patient’s best interests such as when a patient is incapacitated as a result of essay, learning disabilities, schizophrenia and more commonly in older adults diagnosed with dementia. It is homeschooling, widely considered more ethical to administer medication hidden in simple food and drink as opposed to using forms of research paper, restraint or forcible injection (Haw Stubbs 2010, p.762). Leadership Essay! The authors also refer to research paper homeschooling English law by noting the charges that could be brought upon a practitioner that has administered medication covertly, such as charges of assault or battery (p.765). The literature stipulates the importance of analysis, adhering to the Mental Capacity Act (2005) when making decisions to administer medication covertly and this is echoed by homeschooling the requirements of the violence in society essay NMC’s Code of Professional Conduct (2008). Tweddle (2009) describes autonomy as the ethical principle that relates to free choice and paper, explains that all competent adults have the right to refuse treatment or refuse to consent to treatment.

It is important to consider the issue of accountability when administering medication covertly and what ways different communication, Tweddle (2009) highlights the importance of the health care professional being able to homeschooling justify their actions and prove that they were in the best interests of the patient e.g. to prevent suffering or to improve quality of life. Tweddle (2009) details the involvement of the incapacitated patient’s relatives as an important factor when making the decision to administer medication covertly. As noted earlier, Mrs Green had no living relatives that could advocate for her which raises the issue of how the decision to hide medication in food is made when there is no advocate for the incapacitated patient. Essays Different Communication! Tweddle (2009) recommends that the decision should not be made in isolation and that health care professionals faced with this ethical decision should liaise with other health care professionals to gain a broader perspective, however this must be done in a way that respects the research paper confidentiality of the patient. Violence Essay! Another notable implication of covert medication raised in the literature is that of the need for nurses to have pharmaceutical knowledge of medications and homeschooling, understand the possible implications of crushing tablets or opening capsules (Honkanen, 2001). Stages four and ways are expository to business communication, five of Gibbs’ (1988) reflective cycle require the user to establish a conclusion and an action plan.

With consideration of the above analysis of the critical incident concerning Mrs Green, I believe that the ward staff justified their decision to administer medication covertly by taking her condition into account, acknowledged her lack of capacity to research paper consent to treatment and in society, ensured all discussions with the ward were documented. The ward staff appeared to have made this decision with consideration of the possible result of withholding the medication. This could have resulted in Mrs Greens’ health deteriorating and the decision that was eventually made to administer the medication hidden in food suggests that the principled approach was used here and homeschooling, the principles of beneficence and non-maleficence may have conflicted, as discussed earlier. Upon reflection, if this situation arose again in practice, I would be more inclined to ask the artist essay ward sister how she would justify her decision to research administer medication covertly from a legal perspective and essay, also what my legal standing would be as a student nurse administering medication covertly under supervision. However I do believe the situation was addressed efficiently and careful ethical decisions were made with Mrs Green’s best interests at the forefront of the decision making at research paper, all times.

Exploring the simple essay on terrorism in india literature relating the critical incident establishes covert medication as a complex issue that should only take place under extreme circumstances and paper, any practitioner who does so must be able to justify their actions, be able to provide proof and in some cases legal evidence that it was the best option for the patient. Journey! The literature frequently makes references to moral principles, highlighting the need for nurses to study ethics as an understanding of moral theories and research paper, principles is needed in order to make ethical decisions in practice. It is important to note how the four moral principles are challenged in relation to patients who lack capacity, such as in the critical incident, where the patient lacks the ability to be autonomous. In Society! The nurse must advocate for the patient in ways that are beneficent, non-maleficent and ethically justified, something that the literature proves can be difficult due to the key principles of beneficence and non-maleficence often conflicting. Research! Again, this is another finding that suggests it is imperative that nurses study ethics. It is evident from examples within the literature that nurses are frequently required to make ethical decisions instantaneously and that it is only really possible to consider the full legal and ethical implications of simple essay on terrorism in india, our actions upon reflection, which highlights the research paper importance of reflective practice in nursing.

Upon further investigation it is clear from the literature that there is a need for more research into violence in society essay the benefits of reflection within nursing practice as the research homeschooling current literature on essay the subject is quite limited. However the literature that is currently available suggests that reflection has an invaluable effect on nursing practice, something discovered within this assignment as it was only upon reflection of the critical incident that the full legal and ethical implications of covert medication were considered and explored further. Allmark P. Paper Homeschooling! (2005) Can The Study of Ethics Enhance Nursing Practice? Journal of Advanced Nursing 51(6), 618–624 Andrews M, Gidman J Humphreys A (1998) Reflection: does it enhance professional nursing practice? British Journal of Nursing 7 (7) 413-417 Atkins, S, Murphy K. (1993) Reflection: a review of the literature.

Journal of essay, Advanced Nursing 18, 1188-1192 Barnett, M. Research! (2005) Caring for a patient with COPD: a reflective account. Nursing Standard. 19(36) 41-46 Beauchamp, T L, Childress, J F (2008) Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Fund Essay Competition! 6th edition Oxford, Oxford University Press Burns, S, Bulman, C. (2000) Reflective Practice in Nursing: The Growth of the Professional Practitioner. 2nd Edition Blackwell Science Limited, Oxford.

Chaloner, C (2007) An introduction to ethics in nursing. Nursing Standard. 21, 32, 42-46. Chaloner, C (2007) Ethics in nursing: the way forward. Nursing Standard. 21, 38, 40-41. Edwards, S D (2009) Nursing Ethics: A Principled-Based Approach 2nd Edition, London: Palgrave MacMillan. Forschler, S (2013) Kantian and Consequentialist Ethics: The Gap Can Be Bridged.

Metaphilosophy 44(1-2) Gibbs, G. (1988) Learning by Doing: A guide to teaching and learning methods. Further Education Unit. Research Paper! Oxford Polytechnic: Oxford. Haw, C, Stubbs J (2010) Covert Administration of Medication to Older Adults: a review of the literature and published studies. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 17 761–768 Honkanen L (2001) Point-counterpoint is it ethical to give drugs covertly to people with dementia?

West J Med 174: 229 Hussey, T (2011) Just Caring. Nursing Philosophy 2012. 13, 6-14 Johns C (1995) Framing learning through reflection within Carper’s fundamental ways of knowing in nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing. (22)2, 226-234 Jones J (2007) Do not resuscitate: reflections on an ethical dilemma. Nursing Standard. 21(46), 35-39 McParland J, Scott P A, Arndt M, Dassen M, Gasull M, Lemonidou C, Valimaki M, Leino-Kilpi H (2000) Autonomy and clinical practice 1: identifying areas of concern. British Journal of Nursing 9(8) 507-513 McSherry, R., Simmons, M., Abbott, P. (2002) Evidence-Informed Nursing: A Guide for Clinical Nurses. Routledge Taylor and Francis Group, London Meetoo, D (2009) Nanotechnology: is there a need for ethical principles? British Journal of Nursing 18(20) 1264-1268 Mental Capacity Act (2005) The Stationary Office, London. Mezirow J (1990) Fostering Critical Reflection in Adulthood Jossey-Bass San Fransisco Noble-Adams R (1999) Ethics and essay, Nursing Research 1: Development, Theories and research paper homeschooling, Principles. What! British Journal of Nursing, 8(13), 888-892 Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2008).

Code of Professional Conduct: Standards of conduct performance and research paper homeschooling, ethics for the body artist essay, nurses and midwives. London: NMC Royal College of Nursing (1997)Ethical Dilemmas: Issues in Nursing and homeschooling, Health 43. RCN, London Schon, D. (1991) The Reflective Practitioner 2nd Edition Jossey Bass: San Francisco Somerville, D Keeling, J (2004) A Practical Approach To Promote Reflective Practice Within Nursing. Nursing Times 100(12) 42 Taylor, B. J. Essay! (2000) Reflective Practice: A Guide for Nurses and Midwives. Open University Press, Buckingham Tweddle, F. (2009) Covert medication in older adults who lack decision-making capacity. Paper Homeschooling! British Journal of Nursing (18) 15 936-939. Is this the the body perfect essay for you? Save time and order Law and Ethics in Nursing. essay editing for paper, only $13.9 per page.

Top grades and quality guaranteed! Relevant essay suggestions for german marshall essay competition, Law and Ethics in Nursing. Ethics is an essential part of what nursing is. Nursing has an homeschooling, eminent chronicle of trepidation for the wellbeing of those who are ill, hurt, and what essays different to business communication, the helpless and for… Knowledge Development in paper Nursing. Philosophy has a great impact on the knowledge development on nurses and the nursing field. As McCurry, Revell-Hunter, and Roy (2009) stated, “Knowledge is built upon theories, together with their… Ethics in Nursing.

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Are your position titles accurate? Are your employment dates correct? Are all of the numbers and percentages you use to describe increases, quotas, budgets, savings, and research paper, achievements (reasonably) accurate? Pro Tip: In the editorial world, we have to make sure every number we print is 100% accurate, but you have a bit more leeway with your resume. As long as you’re reasonably sure that you increased customer satisfaction, fundraising numbers, or sales 25%, don’t worry about having the “official” numbers to prove it. As I well know, you can work intently on rabbit-proof essay journey a document for three hours and somehow not notice that you’ve used “their” instead of “there” or mistaken “bran” for “brand.” So, proofreading one last time is a step you can’t skip. I do recommend having someone else look your resume over (even us editorial word nerds hire proofreaders). Paper Homeschooling. But before you do, proof word by word, asking yourself: Are there any typos? Wrong word usage? Does each bullet point end with a period (or not)? Either is fine, just be consistent.

Are you using the serial comma (or not) throughout? Pro Tip: When proofreading, it’s helpful to temporarily change the font, or to read your resume from the bottom up—your eyes get used to reading a page one way, and the body artist essay, can often catch new errors when you mix the format up. Research. When I worked for what ways a print magazine, I’d often submit what I thought was a perfect final draft of an article—until I’d get a proof from our designer. More often than not, my masterpiece would need some adjustments to look right on the page: shortening the copy so that it didn’t require a miniature-sized font, or lengthening a paragraph so that one word didn’t hang over on a line by paper, itself, for in society example. Because part of great writing is research, making it look great, too. While you don’t have to send your resume off to a graphic designer, do keep in mind that presentation is important, and that a few adjustments to your text can make a big difference in how it looks. Give it a final once-over with a designer’s eye, considering: Does the essay on terrorism, page look visually appealing?

Is the page overly cluttered? Is the font size too small? Is it difficult to read? Is the font size and format for research paper homeschooling each section consistent? Does the layout make sense? Is your contact information easily findable? Pro Tip: Make your document easier to skim by essay, adding divider lines between sections. Check out section three of this great guide to resume formatting from research, LifeClever for instructions. Photo of pen and paper courtesy of Shutterstock . Adrian was The Muse’s very first employee (ask her about the the body essay, early days!) who built the Muse editorial team from the ground up.

Now, she serves as Editor-at-Large, launching new content products and paper, sharing expert career advice with Muse audiences online and off. Essay On Terrorism In India. When she’s not Musing, you’ll find her planning her next dinner party or international vacation. Say hi on paper homeschooling Twitter and Instagram. Hmmm, seems you#39;ve already signed up for german marshall this class. While you#39;re here, you may as well check out all the amazing companies that are hiring like crazy right now.

Essay: Dreams – theories, history and film. What is a dream? Is it just a figment of the imagination? Are dreams reflections of personality or a prophecy? Humans were and still are wondering, discovering, learning about the source as well as meaning of paper homeschooling, dreams, their visions for simple, centuries. Paper! From a scientific point of view, a dream is not just the sleeping state in itself, but awareness – resting of the brain, it is the moment most closely related to the sphere of human desires. In Society Essay! It is a source of homeschooling, knowledge coming from the deepest recesses of the psyche, a path from the mind to the brain. REF. This topic was chosen as the author became fascinated with the the body artist subject of research homeschooling, dreams following her practical work an ways are expository to business communication, earlier stage and research paper, decided to explore the marshall topic in research paper homeschooling more depth, including historical references and symbolism used by artists and writers. How do dreams arise and essay, what images do they create? How do artists reconstruct them and present in their work?

Night is not only the time in which one is resting, but it is also the time to research disclose the true subconscious thoughts and desires, senses, needs, values, fears or even human hopes. What one dreams of is a record of the life of unconscious human targets, a combination of experiences. The analysis of dreams is the path to get to know oneself, reveal they suppressed psychical content. The sleep state is artist essay, something spectacular, a gateway to another world, far away from research paper, everyday life. The dream reveals the rabbit-proof journey secrets of the past, the future, as well as the present.

It is a state of union of the human soul with the whole world around. Chapter one will look at the relevant theories developed by Jung, Emerson and paper, the controversial Sigmund Freud, the Austrian psychiatrist and neurologist who claimed that the human psyche is not only limited to consciousness. Chapter one aims to analysis critically analyse psychoanalysis and the symbolisms of dreams. Chapter two aims to paper investigate the title in more depth in terms of the historical aspect. What Are Expository Essays To Business Communication! It also attempts to homeschooling discover how the ways to business interpretation of dreams has evaluated through at the centuries. Research! Chapter two will examine the role of dreams in a few selected literary works and pieces of art and will explore the outcomes.

Chapter three will consider in more depth the one of the most interesting movements in Dali’s work including the 1929 silent film ‘Un Chien Andalon’ (An Andalusian Dog) CHAPTER ONE – THE THEORY OF THE DREAM AND ITS MEANINGS. The title of the first famous work of the Austrian psychiatrist and neurologist Sigmund Freud has been translated as “The Interpretation of Dreams”. Fund Essay! This is the manifesto of paper, his ideas. The book which was published in 1899, threw a completely new light on the subject of sleep.

According to Freud night is essay, not only the time in which a man rests ‘ it is primarily a time to reveal his true, unconscious thoughts and desires. REF. Freud discovered by examining his patients that the human psyche determines active yet unconscious representations that relate to childhood. He concludes that the experiences from the early stages of personality development can after many years cause obsessive thoughts, fears and strange courses of action. The reasons for such behaviour are, according to Freud not admitted to consciousness due to the high emotional charge when the emotions which are too painful or too improbable. REF. Freud distinguished three spheres of the human psyche: the unconscious the paper homeschooling Id, the Ego and conscious irrational the rabbit-proof fence essay Superego. The Id acts in homeschooling accordance with the pleasure principle.

In 1933, Sigmund Freud described the Id as. ‘the dark, inaccessible part of our personality, what little we know of it we have learnt from essay competition, our study of the dream-work and research paper homeschooling, of the construction of in society, neurotic symptoms, and most of this is research, of a negative character and can be described only as a contrast to the ego. We all approach the id with analogies: we call it a chaos, a cauldron full of seething excitations… It is filled with energy reaching it from the instincts, but it has no organization, produces no collective will, but only a striving to bring about the satisfaction of the german marshall competition instinctual needs subject to the observance of the pleasure principle.’ REF. The Id remains in homeschooling conflict with the Superego and the outside world. The Ego, guided by the principle of reality, tries to essay competition alleviate this conflict and customize the behaviour of the individual to paper conform to given environment principles. It attenuates impulses or satisfies them in the safest and most beneficial manner including the most important – sexual. According to the theory of Freud one of the proofs of the existence of the Id are dreams, fulfilling the unconscious desires and replacing real action.

Dreams are hidden desires, which reflect the subconscious, and thanks to them it is possible to discover the cause of anxiety and neurotic behaviour. According to Freud, the dream is a creation of the dreamer’s own activity, but during sleep censorship temporarily weakens its activities. This allows unconscious thoughts to have the opportunity to appear. REF. Thus the dream is a record of life, unconscious human needs, and a combination of in society essay, experiences. The analysis of dreams is the path to get to know oneself; dreams reveal suppressed psychological content. In a dream, several forms merge into one.

For example, anxiety concerning one house may manifest itself in dreams as a few houses. According to scientists, the dream is something extraordinary, the gateway to research paper homeschooling another world, far away from everyday life. Freud concluded that the human psyche cannot be limited only to consciousness. He claimed that there is an unconscious that contains in itself the rabbit-proof fence essay specific content and which is homeschooling, also directing its own mechanisms. Unconscious processes affect our behaviour. REF. Freud introduced two new theories concerning dreams-manifest and latent content. German Fund Competition! Manifest content is simply remembered dream, latent content is an research homeschooling, expression of latent desires, memories of the previous days, and the impetus of the body or the environment. The close connection between the dream and the unconscious the Id makes every detail of the overt content of dreams imbuing with it some significance. According to Jung, dreams are influenced by ancient culture, communications and leadership essay, the experience of the old religions dormant in the subconscious – what might be called unconscious memory. He believed that dreams are unconscious revelation of transcendental wisdom to the individual.

Freud and Jung have made great contributions to the study of research paper, dreams and have created a solid foundation for translating dreams. These studies show that during sleep the subconscious sends signals that actually deciphered can explain where the source of the problem is and how it can be solved. REF. In dreams nothing happens without a reason, they can be deciphered. In Society! Because sexual desire, according to Freud, plays a crucial role in human life, different objects and situations in dreams can refer to sexual objects. For example, sticks, knives, umbrellas and shotguns, are unconscious representations of the paper homeschooling penis.

According to this theory, young girls seeking sexual contacts and rabbit-proof fence essay journey, yet fearful of research paper homeschooling, them are often in dreams pursued by men with a knife or firearm. On the german marshall fund other hand, for example, fruits such as apples, in men’s dreams symbolize a woman’s breasts. REF Indeed, not all dreams are filled with unconscious sexual content. One patient told Freud a dream in which members of his family were sitting around an odd-shaped table. Seemingly the dream did not make sense. But it turned out that the man had seen a similar table the house of a friend he had met recently. REF. Another example of dream analysis he in accordance with Freud’s theory is cited in the book, “Secrets of paper homeschooling, Sleep” by Alexander Borbely. A certain man dreamed that he was riding a bike. His answer to the question of the body, what bike reminded him was that this was his son’s favourite pastime.

In the autumn the son would be leaving for university and the man wanted to spend more time with him before his departure. The second dream involved a combination of his father’s death following a heart attack. The bike had helped the father to maintain fitness. The dream of cycling related to two very serious things in his life. REF. Some people believe that many theories developed by Freud and his successors such, as Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) and Erich Fromm (1900-1980), are not supported by paper homeschooling, sufficient scientific evidence. On the other hand, the phenomenon of sleep and violence essay, subconscious human hides so many puzzles that one cannot authoritatively determine who is right and who is wrong. Perhaps doubt will never be justified. Formerly dreams were given different meanings.

They were considered as information derived from the gods, and the mysterious language of sleep sought to be explained in many ways. The sages and priests spent much time on this. In order to fathom the mystery of dreams, dreams were collected and were written down in order to later attempt to interpret them. Erich Fromm believed that ‘Both dreams and myths are important communications from ourselves to research paper homeschooling ourselves. If we do not understand the language in which they are written, we miss a great deal of what we know and tell ourselves in those hours when we are not busy manipulating the outside world. ‘ REF. Myths and journey, dreams are united by one shared feature – dreams can be written in symbolic language. It is a language in which the inner experiences, feelings and thoughts are expressed in such a way as if they were sensory experiences, events in the outside world. This language is governed by logic which is different from the conventional, everyday logic, in which there is not significant space and time, but intensity and association.

Historically, for people living both east and west, dreams and myths were among the most important creations the mind, and research homeschooling, the lack of understanding of dreams was treated as ignorance. An interesting interpretation of dreams was presented by Artemidorus in the second century. His work on the translation of the essay dream had a huge impact on the views of the Middle Ages. He distinguished five types of dreams: 1) Dream hides the truth in latent form. 2) The vision is when what is seen in research a dream is what happened in the real world. 3) An racle is a revelation sent down in a dream by an angel, or another character to fulfill the will of God. 4) Fantasy is when what preoccupies s person during the day t is subject of the german marshall fund competition dream. 5) The phantom is paper, a night vision, which is manifested to small the children or elderly people to scare or scandalize them. Ralph Emerson theorized that dreams reflect character, and particularly those aspects that cannot be observed in waking behaviou.

This manifests itself in the character of the other , as he claimed, ‘in the dreams of other persons their hidden forces which affect their behavior and in this way we can often predict their future actions.’ REF. Whereas Emerson suggested a relationship between character and german marshall essay competition, dream, Henri Bergson argued that dreams are actually caused by different physical stimuli, but these stimuli do not need to be explained as the paper dominant desires. According to him dreams are caused by the body artist, memories being pushed into oblivion. Research Homeschooling! He assumed that the human mind does not forget anything, and what is remembered, is only a small fraction of the whole of one’s memory. REF. Many researchers share the artist essay view that dreams have in them something of both an irrational and homeschooling, a rational nature. Essay On Terrorism In India! Some people believe that dreams reveal the research paper animal nature and are the gateway to illusions whereas dreams for others are an in society, expression of the most rational forces, which is the gateway to truth.

According to some researchers, the role of dreams is to explain when the dream manifests the better part of the “I”, and when it dominates the animal nature. REF. A long time before psychoanalysis, great importance was attributed to dreams; hence the frequent presence of dreams and research paper, visions as theme in the literature of leadership essay, different eras. The works of some artists also embed this convention which will be discussed further in research the following chapter. CHAPTER TWO ‘ HISTORY OF THE DREAM AND ITS EVOLUTION. The first references regarding dreams in art are as old as literature itself. The interest in german essay dreams and their analysis began with the birth of humanity. Since time immemorial, dreams have been the richest source of the interpretation of the past, present, and most importantly the future.

The stories of Gilgamesh, Iliad and research, the Bible all describe dreams of some of the main characters along with their meanings. However dreams as art, without historical or tale format appear to have developed in later years, although it is impossible to know how many pre-modern works were inspired by dreams. (Belanger, 2005)’According to one of the oldest beliefs, sleep was a state similar to essay on terrorism the state of death. Research Paper Homeschooling! In former times dreams considered were to be the journey of the soul leaving the body REF. This idea of the soul leaving the body can be to the pre-Christian era. In the Bible there are many examples of dreams. In ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt, the dream was considered a bad omen, unless it was interpreted by experts who carried out the appropriate rituals according to their message.

Babylonians treated dreams as a kind of guide to conduct in everyday life. Also the ancient Greeks had a highly developed technique of dream interpretation. Essay! Initially, they considered dreams as signs from the gods, consisting of a kind of guide to the complicated way of paper homeschooling, life. Health was analysed in terms of dreams. According to mythology, the Ancient Greeks imagined the god of sleep, Hypnos, as a winged youth.

He was the brother of Thanatos, the god of death. Hypnos could make people fall asleep just by the body artist essay, touching their foreheads with a twig or strewing on them poppies stored in research horn. A more common representation of a dream coming from ancient culture is Morpheus, son of Hypnos the god of dreams. Morpheus had the ability to mimic any human form and appear in dreams. REF.

In the Bible the dream has a symbolic meaning. It could be an omen, prophecy or vision. God appeared to marshall fund essay competition Pharaoh in a dream, cautioning him of imminent danger. Pharaoh’s vision allowed him to avoid the oncoming adversity. God gave him a chance to save the people from famine, which was coming in the near future. Pharaoh dreamed that he was standing by the Nile, when up seven cows, sleek and fat appeared out of the river and they grazed among the research paper homeschooling reeds. After them, seven other cows, ugly and gaunt, came up out of the Nile and stood beside those on the riverbank. The cows that were ugly and gaunt ate up the seven sleek, fat cows. Then Pharaoh woke up, but when he fell asleep again, he dreamed a second dream.

Seven heads of grain, healthy and good, were growing on a single stalk. After them, seven other heads of grain sprouted thin and scorched by the east wind. Essay! The thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven healthy, full heads. Homeschooling! Pharaoh woke up again and artist essay, realized it was a dream which may have been sent as a warning. – Image 1 Pharaoh’s Dreams by James Tissot. The next day, Pharaoh decided to paper convene all the magicians and wise men of Egypt but none of them knew what the dream meant. Joseph, who was held captive had the gift of interpretation of dreams . Essay On Terrorism! ‘The dreams of Pharaoh are one and the same. God has revealed to research paper homeschooling Pharaoh what he is about to do. The seven good cows are seven years, and fence essay journey, the seven good heads of grain are seven years; it is paper homeschooling, one and the same dream. The seven lean, ugly cows that came up afterward are seven years, and so are the seven worthless heads of grain scorched by the east wind: They are seven years of famine.’ REF. However, after seven years of prosperity there was to be time of misery and poverty.

Joseph advised Pharaoh to build granaries where he might store the excess food. In addition, Joseph announced that if the leadership dream was repeated twice, it was certain that it would happen. REF. The author of the Exodus proved that dreams could predict the future or foreshadow any specific event. The Bible is a source of paper homeschooling, various motives and symbols that are for people a reference to real life. Dreams in the Bible reveal the ways are expository different to business communication intricacies of the human psyche, reveal fears and paper, anxieties, and yet are a path which God and man can communicate. God appeared in Solomon’s dream and essay, announced that he would give anything that Solomon wished. Solomon was king of Israel and did not demand long life or riches; he preferred to have the wisdom to distinguish between good and research homeschooling, evil, when governing the people. God fulfilled his wish, but also gave him fame and wealth. The dream here demonstrated Solomon’s attitude to God, who not only simple in india fulfilled his request but gave him more.

REF Luca Giordano was one of the most important painters of the late Baroque period. Invited to Spain by King Charles II in 1692, he was soon established as the leading painter at the Spanish Court. For the research paper homeschooling crown, he painted in particular the biblical stories of artist, inter alia Solomon where he also immortalized the scene of Solomon’s dream. Early Christians interpreted dreams as a state in which the paper defenseless body and spirit were susceptible to a variety of influences. Nightmares were thought to the body be a clear manifestation of demons and monsters or warnings from God or a message from heaven.

In the New Testament, an angel appeared to Joseph in research paper a dream and declared that Mary was pregnant by the Holy Spirit. Mary and Joseph were not married yet and Joseph thought about annulling the betrothal because of the essay on terrorism pregnancy of Mary. However, the research angel told him that the rabbit-proof fence journey future child would be the Saviour, which led to Joseph’s change of heart. REF. Dream themes appeared as early as in ancient Greek and Roman comedies, and continued to provide material for drama throughout the centuries. One example is the Baroque ‘Life Is a Dream’ by Calderon de la Barca in 1635 (WHERE?!) Long before the discovery of psychoanalysis and its development, there were attempts to unravel the mystery of the origin and research paper, message of dreams.

Also artists started to be more involve in this phenomen. The Renaissance era was no exception. In the marshall fund essay competition fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, dreams became a theme often adoptedby artists who tried to push the boundaries of art seeking ways to homeschooling show the unpreventable. How could an artist capture on canvas something so intangible, ephemeral and incomprehensible as a dream? Another form, which was as its basic material, imagination and dream, is the drama of the Renaissance era. Writers used dreams to reveal the complexities of the human psyche and to reveal subconscious fears and anxieties. This method was used by ways are expository essays different, William Shakespeare (1564 – 1616) who already in paper the sixteenth century broke with the existing conventions of drama and placed the violence in society essay supernatural alongside the real world. In “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” the playwright applied a phenomenon called the dualism of the represented world, which means that fantasy should be represented equally with reality. REF. One night in the middle of summer the boundary between these two worlds was obliterated. The forest, which was the place of the action, became a place for the simultaneous operation of two states of consciousness: reality and dream.

In this way, Shakespeare created an image resembling the research homeschooling original beliefs of the people or the fantasies of a child whose mind was not yet sufficiently affected by the suffering of the world and the things overlooked by adults. The forest was turned into essay, a magical place with the presence of magic and elves. Among the characters of the drama, two circles could be distinguished: humans and elves. The first is a symbol of the ordinary and the mundane, while the second circle symbolizes the extraordinary and magic. Research Paper Homeschooling! Elves show that anything can happen. By being transformed physically into an ass, Bottom’s true character is marshall essay, revealed. This was depicted by Edwin Landseer in research homeschooling his painting ‘Scene from A Midsummer Night’s Dream’.Elvish magic showed the impossibility of distinguishing dream from violence essay, reality. In the words of Shakespeare: ‘The lunatic, the lover, and research paper, the poet, are of imagination all compact.’ REF. In Shakespeare’s ‘Macbeth’ the what ways essays different to business communication world resembles ghostly phantom apnea, which is rife with crime, and the scenery is immersed in the darkness of night. The theme is the desire to gain power, which Macbeth and his wife achieve by the murder of King Duncan. After the crime both perpetrators have guilty consciences, which they cannot suppress.

Dark thoughts and memories haunt both characters in dreams. The crime which they have committed has led to them believing every man was a threat to them as a potential enemy. In a dream Macbeth sees the spirit of a dead friend, Banquo. This means he is faced with a difficult choice. On the one hand there is the desire to gain power, on the other sensitivity and a sense of morality, which ultimately is victorious. Macbeth could no longer keep secret, the terrible crime which was haunting him every night. Nightmares also tormented his wife.

Remorse disturbed his peace of mind. However, recurring nightmares still had a greater influence on his wife, and especially on the psyche. This is research paper, confirmed by the words of Macbeth (ACT 2 SCENE 5) REF. ‘Methought I heard a voice cry, ‘Sleep no more! Macbeth does murder sleep”the innocent sleep, Sleep that knits up the raveled sleave of care, The death of each day’s life, sore labor’s bath, Balm of hurt minds, great nature’s second course, Chief nourisher in life’s feast.’ REF. The killing a man by Macbeth is the killing of dream, his own conscience.

The painting “Nightmare” by in society, Henry Fuseli (1781) reflects the struggle of the protagonist of Macbeth and his wife to come to terms with the murder. The woman lying on research paper homeschooling the bed perfectly reflects their mental state. Moreover, the fund essay competition woman’s position suggests that she may be dreaming of something horrifying, manifesting as fear in the dreamer. The painter has not left any specific instructions regarding its interpretation. Paper Homeschooling! It can be assumed that a woman lying on the bed is his beloved Anna Landolf. This would allow the discovery of an additional intimate sense. REF. ‘The Nightmare simultaneously offers both the image of a dream’by indicating the effect of the nightmare on the woman’and a dream image’in symbolically portraying the sleeping vision.’ REF It is also unclear whether the woman is immersed in a dream or whether she is trying to catch her last breath. The symbolism and essay, imagery of the painting is very much exposed. The outer form is the “undercover” for paper, what is important, which is a nightmare of the spirit. Within the symbolism there is a monkey ornament, which according to ancient times was the leadership analysis creature which most closely resembles to a human.

However, in the art of the Middle Ages it symbolized the research paper essence of a degraded, creature hiding in the animal nature of man. REF Similar symbols associated with the character of the horse. Additional evidence may be darkness, from which it emerges. ‘Sleep, the artist Cousin of Death’ – Charles Sackville REF. Indeed the woman lying on the bed could be dead or just sleeping. During the homeschooling Renaissance poets developed an awareness, not only what ways are expository to business communication of the importance od dreams but of unlimited imagination. The poets of the seventeenth century liked to compare dream to the state of death. They even discussed the concept that human life ends in research the sleep of death. – Miko??aj S??p Szarzy??ski (1550 ‘ 1581) REF. In European literature Romanticism emphasized the value of emotions and simple on terrorism, inspirations coming from the irrational. Visions, stemming from research homeschooling, dreams or the mental, and sometimes the physical state caused by the interaction of drugs, served as excellent material to manifest the highest potential and skills of the artist. Onirism which is an art form directly based on material from dreams, or which employs dream-like imagery, often embraces the entire composition of the what different communication artist’s work, especially the construction of the person and his relationship with the real, fantastic and homeschooling, spiritual world. (Drucker, 2006) In fact, the term Onirism in relation to art appeared in the twentieth century as a result of the achievements of the Surrealists, for whom creativity and onirism tendencies are very characteristic.

The Surrealists were fascinated by hypnosis, myths and essay, tales, tearing down the logical order of reality and investigating absurdity, dreams and mediumship which was thriving at the time of psychoanalysis. The Surrealists attributed on enormous role to unrestrained imagination. Oneiric tendencies were noticed and disseminated in the 1960s and 1970s with the resurgent popularity of surrealism. (Jurewicz, 2014) The epithet “oneiric” is research paper homeschooling, most commonly used to characterize the artistic techniques, rather than the overall concept of the dream. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century symbolism and expressionism introduced dream images to the visual arts. Expressionism was also a literary movement and embraced later work. (Jouvet, 2000) August Strindberg coined the essay term “dream play” for research homeschooling, narrative style, which does not apply the differentiations between fantasy and reality. Whereas others believed that sleep is a kind of escape from the world. Rabbit-proof Fence Essay Journey! ‘The Wedding’ (1901) defining work of Polish drama written at the turn of the 20th century by Stanis??aw Wyspia??ski (1869 – 1907) describes the perils of the national drive toward self-determination following the two unsuccessful uprisings against the Partitions of Poland, in November 1830 and January 1863. The author, by combining reality with fiction, evaluates Polish society facing an opportunity to research paper homeschooling regain independence. There are large number of symbols, which serve as criticisms of inconsistency, lack of understanding and the motivation to fight for leadership analysis essay, the country. Wyspiariski placed in his act realistic as well as fictional characters, ghosts and spirits.

There is no doubt that the whole of the second act of the drama is constructed from oneiric conventions. Ghosts and spirits, which have symbolic importance, are merely the imagination of the authentic characters. Almost every one of them is a remembrance of the past, the embodiment of their desires, fears and aspirations. Research Paper! Their task is to unmasked the inner state of the person to the body artist essay whomghost are appearing. The Poet is homeschooling, visited successively by the Black Knight a symbol of the are expository essays different communication nation’s past military glory, the Journalist, then by the court jester Sta??czy who is a conservative political sage and by the Ghost of research paper, Wernyhora, a paradigm of leadership for Poland.

Wernyhora presents the Host with a golden horn symbolizing the national mission, and calls the Polish people to fence revolt. There is a mood of horror, mystery, understatement, ambiguity, so it is not known whether the research homeschooling characters see spirits while they are awake, or they are merely a dream. Painting “B’?dne ko??o” (The Mad Circle) by Jacek Malczewski is an example of a symbolic painting. The painting presents quite a strange scene referring to the play ‘The Wedding ‘ In the center of the painting is located a ladder on violence it there is research homeschooling, sitting little boy while numerous characters are dancing around him. Among them is impossible to distinguish between both the rural population, positioned on second plane of the marshall essay painting, naked women and men in the foreground.

The humans and paper homeschooling, the figure of the devil, that is, half-naked creature with hooves instead of feet. The painting is a composition closed, is kept in dark tones predominate, gray, black, brown only on the left side, where there are people of rural origin suddenly colours change in a very lively, much happier with a majority of leadership analysis essay, red, yellow, blue. The image is very dynamic, but the full balance is maintained between one and the other side of the work. Malczewski’s painting sums up all the thoughts and research homeschooling, values which carries with it drama ‘The Wedding’. The twentieth first century brought many amazing discoveries in the field of parapsychology, which allowed for a variety of interpretations of fence journey, various phenomena in the area of the paper homeschooling human mind. It has been proved that the brain during sleep functions only ten percent. REF. What is happening with the rest? It is still a mystery to be solve. The dream is a kind of escape into the world of fantasy, a condition in which a person is in no way limited’ even by the force of gravity. Wislawa Szymborska (1923 -2012) demonstrated this in the poem “In Praise of Dreams”.

In praise of dreams. I paint like Vermeer van Delft. I speak fluent Greek. and not just with the on terrorism living. that does what I want it to. and write mighty epics. as clearly as any venerable saint. My brilliance as a pianist. I fly the way we ought to, Falling from the roof, I tumble gently to research paper the grass.

I’ve got no problem. breathing under water. I’ve been able to locate Atlantis. It’s gratifying that I can always. wake up before dying. As soon as war breaks out,

I roll over on my other side. I’m a child of my age, but I don’t have to be. A few years ago. And the german marshall fund essay competition night before last a penguin, The poem’s title makes the subject matter obvious. The subject shows the reader that during sleep, nothing is impossible. . One can become an research, outstanding painter fluent in different languages who plays the artist essay piano beautifully or soars high above the ground. The poet sees sleep as a land where anything can happen, an endless realm of improbable things like two suns. Paper! In the dream, death does not need to be feared. Each time, when all kinds of threat are revealed by simply opening the eyes one is again lying safely in bed cuddling a pillow. Unknown corners of the earth can be explored; it is possible or to breathe underwater, we become better, we blur the what are expository communication boundary between the worlds of the living and the dead.

In dreams, it is possible to meet different creatures, different people, familiar faces, relatives, and friends.. Research Homeschooling! people who died a long time ago who appear to be alive. Dreams have one common feature – they do not exist in the laws of logic that govern thinking in violence in society essay reality. Paper Homeschooling! In dreams different states and emotions are experienced, yet only the most shocking or the most important moments of sleep are remembered. It is not surprising that Szymborska devoted a poem to the praise of dreams for their uniqueness. A dream is a second life; it is in india, state of transition, in paper homeschooling which people are the in society masters of their dreams.

Apnea material began to be used as an inspiration for comics in the 1980s. Research Homeschooling! For instance the popular comic strips of Winsor McCay. Artists began to illustrate their own dreams. Fence Journey! In’ The Committee of Sleep’ the Harvard psychologist Deirdre explored material for media provided by dreams among many modernist works inspired by homeschooling, dreams she included paintings such as ‘Flag’ (1954’55) by Jasper Johns, most of the work of Jim Dine and Salvador Dali, novels ranging from ‘Sophie Choice’ directed by Alan J. Pakula, who adapted William Styron’s novel of the same name. Works of Anne Rice and Stephen King, even films such as ‘3 Women’ directed by Robert Altman, ‘Wild Strawberries’ directed by Ingmar Bergman, ‘Dracula’ or even ‘Frankenstein’. Barrett also mentions that the marshall essay song ‘Yesterday’ by Paul McCartney, was heard by him in a dream. (Belanger, 2005) Content coming from the dreams is still used for different purposes by paper, many contemporary artists.

The exploitation of essay, dreams is considered by some to give suitable psychological weigt to their work, regardless of artistic value. Research Paper! (Pells, 1973) CHAPTER THREE ‘ SURREALISM: THE DREAM MOVEMENT. Dreams have been an inseparable part of fence journey, everyone’s life since time immemorial, and this is reflected in the fields of literature and art where the use of dreams as theme. Simultaneously, the discussion regarding dreams reached a new level of awareness in paper the western world due to the work of Sigmund Freud who introduced the concept of the unconscious as a field of research. Freud’s theories greatly influenced the twentieth-century Surrealists who combined visionary impulses and expressionism placing great emphasis on essay the unconscious as a creative tool, with the assumption that the seemingly irrational content might contain much of relevant information, perhaps even more than the rational. The aim of the Surrealists was to investigate the realm of the research unconscious. German Fund! They took the view that man is governed by forces beyond his conscious Ego, an idea introduced by Sigmund Freud. Research! Although the Surrealists strongly embraced Freud’s theory he wrote letter to Stefan Zweig (20 July 1938), after meeting Salvador Dali, that he was “inclined to look upon surrealists, who have apparently chosen me for their patron saint, as absolute (let us say 95 per cent, like alcohol) cranks!” (Pontalis, Frontiers in Psychoanalysis, p.49) Films, particularly those of marshall fund, Bunuel have, to a large extent been responsible for spreading the concept of the dream. Research Homeschooling! Some of Bunuel’s sequences have been described as “an involuntary imitation of sleep.” (Solar, 2003) Film criticism popularized the epithet oneiric, but very often it is used interchangeably with the term “surreal” – regardless of whether it is a film created through surrealism or not. Ways Are Expository Essays Different! Commonly, these terms apply to discontinuities in the film, the scenes that are a contradiction of realistic logic and unexpected associations. The invention of film and animation has brought new opportunities to research paper describe irrational events, but films composed entirely of dream-like images and essay journey, content were still rare avant-garde. (Peterson, 1994)

One of the most interesting movements in painting of the twentieth century was Surrealism. Artists representing this style were using surprising ideas that were innovative, inspired by reality as well as dreams. Paper Homeschooling! Antonin Artaud states that, ‘Surrealism is not a style. It is the cry of a mind turning back on itself.’ (1997, p.3) Surrealism was founded in France and quickly gained followers. It expressed what is on terrorism, difficult to determine, allowed freedom of association, and even expressed the irrational. The style was a revolt against classicism, realism, empiricism, rationalism, utilitarianism and homeschooling, previous conventions in art.

The main feature of Surrealist painting was a visual expression of internal perception. Artists tried to create images that disturbed the logical order of reality. Rabbit-proof! Often these were grotesque visions, the borderline between reality, dream, fantasy, hallucinations and a movement away from rationalism. (Durozoi, 2002) The Surrealists, who attributed a major role to unrestrained imagination, also derived some ideas from Romanticism. They wanted to dramatize even seemingly ordinary events. Paper Homeschooling! Important for them also was the element of surprise, absurdity and nonsense.

The Surreal images are shreds of german essay competition, disordered and research, illogical thoughts. Important inspirations for what essays communication, the Surrealists were Hieronymus Bosch’s (1450 ‘ 1516) paintings. Homeschooling! Art historian Walter Gibson described Bosch’s paintings as “a world of dreams [and] nightmares in leadership essay which forms seem to flicker and change before our eyes.” The Spaniard Felipe de Guevara wrote that the artist was regarded merely as “the inventor of monsters and chimeras”. Whereas a Dutch art historian Karel van Mander described Bosch’s work as “wondrous and strange fantasies (‘) often less pleasant than gruesome to look at.” The aim of the Surrealists was to investigate the realm of the unconscious. Research Paper Homeschooling! They took the view that man is governed by forces beyond his conscious ‘Ego’. The Surrealists were fascinated by hypnosis, automatic writing, medium-ship which was thriving at the time of psychoanalysis. The most prominent psychoanalysis’s were Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung. Although the Surrealists referred to the theories of Freud, he himself was utterly puzzled by the Surrealists.

They Surrealists wanted to dramatize even seemingly ordinary events. Their images are shreds of disordered and illogical thoughts. Marshall Fund Competition! Salvador Dali (1904 ‘ 1989) was one of the most outstanding artists who was highly influenced by homeschooling, the world of dreams. An example can be Dali’s most recognizable series of melting clocks, supposedly inspired by leadership analysis essay, a dream about camembert cheese. ‘Dali transferred on canvas culinary materialistic dreams and obsessions. Symbolism is part of the inherited culture of human nature. It should be remembered that new symbols are constantly being created and they join the old.

Each symbol has its counterpart which is its translation or example. The quantity and quality symbol which humans use to express thoughts and desires, is, however, changed during the course of life and depends on the changing socio-cultural context. Because desires are suppressed during resting, they are revealed only in conditions of reduced censorship. Research Paper! The essence of dreams is the essay hallucinatory fulfilment of research paper, irrational impulses and desires. The formation of dreams involving two types of mental processes: one that creates thoughts of sleep and the other encodes these thoughts in simple essay in india such a way that they are irrational. Encoding is designed to conceal infantile desires, as well as those that are contrary to the principles of pleasure, but which are thought about in everyday life.’ (Jurewicz, 2014 p.7)

The 1929 silent film ‘Un Chien Andalou’ (An Andalusian Dog) by Salvador Dali and Luis Bu??uel is research, a Surrealistic potpourri of shocking, dream-influenced obscene non-related episodic clips with no purpose but merely to shock the viewer. The chronology of the films is chaotic and disjointed, there are no central characters to follow, it jumps from ‘once upon a time’ to ‘eight years later’ without any explanation whatsoever. ‘It uses dream logic in narrative flow that can be described in terms of the then-popular Freudian free association, presenting a series of tenuously related scenes.’ (The Generalist, 2014) The film is reminiscent of dream logic that requires no rhyme or reason, just like an actual dream. For centuries, people have been having dreams. Every night they enter into the world of dream, an unknown world where it is possible to be anyone.

In dreams, it is possible to meet different creatures, different people, familiar faces, relatives, and friends… people who died a long time ago who appear to be alive. Dreams have one common feature – they do not exist in artist the laws of logic that govern thinking in reality. In dreams different states and emotions are experienced, yet only the most shocking, the most important moments of sleep are remembered, and so it is with this film. The film includes ants crawling out of a man’s palm, a severed hand in the street and research paper homeschooling, a shocking scene when a razor is held to what ways are expository different to business a woman’s eyeball and an incision is promptly made. Research Homeschooling! Bu??uel in his youth played outside surrounded by simple essay on terrorism in india, dead donkeys and Dali had a dream of research homeschooling, ants poking out of his hand. The film is a patchwork of scenes inspired by Dali’s and Bu??uel’s dreams. This dissertation has examined the importance and simple in india, relevance of research, dreams in art and literature.

It has shown that dreams can reveal the secrets of the past and present and predict the future. Dreams may be evidence of supernatural power, and may provide an insight into the afterlife. German Marshall Fund Competition! Dreaming is a state of the union of body, mind and soul. Paper! It is what ways essays communication, a disclosure of unconscious and repressed psychological contents. Dreams are wonderfully mysterious vision, a manifestation of different dimension of reality. According to Freud, most experiences are pushed out of the realm of consciousness into the subconscious, where they remain involuntarily. Research! This realm of the subconscious is not without influence on people’s lives, because dreams are the expression, a disclosure – they represent symbolically all that is feared and loved.

What people yearn for often a matter of great surprise themselves. Other theorist, Gustav Jung stated that dreams are influenced by ancient culture, communications and the experience of the old religions dormant in the subconscious what might be called the unconscious memory. Emerson postulated that there is a relationship between personality and dream, whereas Henri Bergson argued that dreams are caused by different physical stimuli. Essay! Sleep can be a key factor in the creation of the represented world or create a composition those rovers between reality and fiction, between a waking state and a dream. Search our thousands of essays: If this essay isn't quite what you're looking for, why not order your own custom History essay, dissertation or piece of coursework that answers your exact question?

There are UK writers just like me on hand, waiting to help you. Research Homeschooling! Each of us is leadership, qualified to a high level in our area of expertise, and we can write you a fully researched, fully referenced complete original answer to your essay question. Just complete our simple order form and you could have your customised History work in your email box, in research homeschooling as little as 3 hours. This History essay was submitted to us by a student in order to help you with your studies. This page has approximately words. If you use part of this page in your own work, you need to provide a citation, as follows: Essay UK, Essay: Dreams – theories, history and film . Available from: http://www.essay.uk.com/essays/history/essay-dreams-theories-history-and-film/ [04-10-17]. If you are the original author of this content and no longer wish to have it published on our website then please click on the link below to request removal:

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