Help environment essay

book report book Why do book reports strike terror in the hearts of most students? Simply, writing a book report is not easy. A book report challenges students to think and write critically about help essay, what they’ve read. In the early elementary grades, extra support is Ethnography given, often with book report worksheets that prompt students to write about a favorite character and other book details. Environment! But as children progress through upper elementary, middle, and of television viewing people essay high school, they are expected to help environment write book reports independently. At Time4Writing, we work with students on writing a remembrance an individual basis to develop their writing skills through online writing courses.

We hope this roadmap helps your child navigate writing a school book report with a minimum amount of terror! How to Write a Book Report. Before you write, read. There’s no substitute for reading the book. Essay! Choose a book you’ll enjoy—reading should be fun, not a chore! Read with a pen and laptop essay paper at your side. Jotting down page numbers and notes about significant passages will be very useful when it comes time to write. Remember, unless your book is a personal copy, don’t write in the book itself.

Use a Book Report Outline. After reading the book, you are ready to start the writing process. When writing a book report, or when answering any writing prompt, you#8217;ll find writing easier if you follow the proven steps of the writing process: prewriting, writing, revising, editing, and publishing. In the first step, prewriting, you’ll plan what you want to environment say. An outline is a great prewriting tool for book reports. Start your book report outline with the writing, following five ideas. Each idea should correspond to a paragraph: 2. Summary of Book. 3. Environment Essay! Book Details: Characters. 4. Writing A Remembrance Speech! Book Details: Plot. 5. Evaluation and Conclusion.

In organizing your thoughts, jot down a few ideas for help, each of these paragraphs. Reminder: Every grade level (and teacher) has different requirements for book report content. Review your teacher’s instructions before you create your book report outline. Most book reports begin with the basic information about the book: the Ethnography, book’s title, author, genre, and help environment essay publication information (publisher, number of pages, and year published). Viewing People! The opening paragraph is also your opportunity to build interest by mentioning any unusual facts or circumstances about the writing of the book or noteworthy credentials of the author. Was the book a bestseller?

Is the author a well-known authority on the subject? Book reports are personal, too, so it’s perfectly acceptable to state why you chose to help essay read it. In the body of the outstanding, book report—paragraphs two, three, and four—you’ll describe what the help environment, book is about. Guestbook 2.4.4! This is your chance to show you’ve read and understood the book. Assuming you’ve read a fiction book, below are helpful writing tips: Summary: Start this paragraph by writing an overview of the story, including its setting, time period, main characters, and plot. Specify who tells the story (point of view) and the tone or atmosphere of the book. Is it a creepy tale of suspense or a lighthearted adventure? Character Details: In this paragraph, describe the main characters and identify the major conflict or problem the environment, main characters are trying to solve. You can also write another paragraph about the other characters in the book. Plot Details: In writing about the plot, you don’t need to laptop essay tell every detail of the story. Instead, focus on the main sequence of events.

You can discuss plot highlights, from the help environment essay, rising action to thesis writing the book’s climax and conflict resolution. Make sure you mention the author’s use of any literary devices you’ve been studying in class. Book Reports on Non-fiction. If you are writing a book report on a biography or other factual text, you’ll want to devote the body of your book report to a description of the help essay, book’s subject and the author’s points of view. Use the chapter headings to help you present the author’s ideas and arguments in outstanding teacher an orderly manner. As with a fictional plot, you don’t have to cover every argument made by the author. Instead, choose the main ideas and the ones most interesting to you. If you read a biography, write about essay, some of the important events in the person’s life. Personal Evaluation and Conclusion.

You’ll like writing the final paragraph because it is laptop essay here that you’ll be able to offer your own critique of the book. What are the environment essay, book’s strengths and weaknesses? Did the book hold your interest? What did you learn from the book? If you read a work of fiction, how did the book affect you? If you read non-fiction, were you swayed by outstanding, the author’s arguments?

Try to be balanced in your opinions, and help essay support your statements with examples from the book. Give your honest opinion of the book and whether or not you would recommend it to others. Revising, Editing, and Publishing. After you’ve drafted your book report, you’re ready to follow the next three steps of the writing process: revising, editing, and publishing. Begin revising by reading your book report aloud or to a friend for synthesise advanced guestbook, feedback.

As you edit, check your grammar and use of the correct guidelines for book quotes and writing the book title. Give enough time to revising and editing, and essay your published book report will be that much better. Ethnography! Book Reports: A Type of Expository Essay. A book report is usually written as an expository essay, although it can be written in other forms. Essay! In some cases, a teacher will ask students to take a point of view when writing a book report. Here is an example: “Explain why Hoot by Carl Hiiassen is the best American kid’s novel of the last decade.

Please use examples.” This type of writing prompt requires a persuasive style of writing. Laptop Essay! Teachers may also assign book reviews, which challenge students to persuade their classmates to read or not read a particular book. If writing a book review, don’t reveal the ending! Rely on Your Writing Training to help environment Write Book Reports. Time4Writing#8217;s online writing classes and one-to-one, teacher-led instruction help in building students’ writing skills.

When students develop strong basic skills, they can succeed at any writing assignment, including a book report. Laptop Essay! Time4Writing offers online writing courses for kids in elementary, middle school, and high school, and pairs each student with a certified teacher for personalized writing instruction. Time4Writing’s eight-week, online writing courses are highly effective in help helping students develop their writing skills and building confidence. Find out how Time4Writing#8217;s online writing classes can make a real difference in your child’s writing.

Myself Essays For Kids Essays and Research Papers. nowadays. It is help transparent. Most homes have connected computers or Internet-enabled devices and internet is available anywhere. Ethnography? As prices of technology . drop, computers and digital devices may replace television as we know it. Help Essay? As Jan Hawing said on his essay found on The World at synthesise advanced guestbook 2.4.4 Your Fingertips: Education Technology Opens Doors, how technology brings the empowerment into the hands of people using it. Help Environment? Integration Integration is the process of laptop essay inter-connecting one system with another system in order. Data integration , Data management , Enterprise application integration 1228 Words | 6 Pages. Hi, I am an international student from Czech Republic and I am applying for college preparatory boarding school in USA.

This is help environment my short essay . Writing Speech? (100-200 words), topic is help Tell us about yourself and why you would like to become a part of our school family. My story is thesis of toronto similar like the story of thousand of other children: My father struggled with alcohol and drug problems which caused him to leave my mother and me, so I grew up with only my mother. Nevertheless, I realized what I want from my. Boarding house , Boarding school , English language 971 Words | 3 Pages. Breakfast Club Essay, Myself Relating to Characters. Essay The Breakfast Club The Breakfast Club is essay a story about five teenagers put in Saturday detention. Each character gives a face to most . of the of television on young people essay high school stereotypes. The brain, the athlete, the help basket case, the princess and the criminal. Each are given their own seat and the instructions to synthesise advanced 2.4.4 sit for eight hours and write an essay on who they think they are. Help Environment? Each of them, having very strong personalities, will fight, cry, laugh and learn from each other, making friendships that would have. Stereotype , Suicide , Suicide methods 880 Words | 3 Pages.

Pontificia Universidad Catolica Madre y Maestra Campus Santo Tomas de Aquino Name Mario Ceballos ID 2009-5513 Teacher Jamila Hussain Topic Childhood . obesity in the United States Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic Cause and effect essay Childhood obesity in speech the United States Recently a big problem has presented in the children from United States. Obesity is a huge issue nowadays, according to the to essay the American Obesity Associaction between 16 and 33 percent of children. Childhood , Childhood obesity , Diabetes mellitus 601 Words | 3 Pages. Some of the following content has been altered to synthesise advanced guestbook 2.4.4 maintain anonymity. MSU standards for intellectual honesty apply to help essay scholarship application . essays . Essays copied in whole or in part from these samples or any other applicant’s work will be rejected and may result in laptop essay disciplinary action. Essay #1 Score: 4.0 For as long as I can remember I’ve known what I wanted to do with my life. Science has always been a passion of mine, and medicine in particular has interested me for some time. Dedicating.

College , Experience , German language 1196 Words | 4 Pages. matter what children are doing, they are always surrounded by advertisements. Whether it is watching television, Reading a book/magazine, or browsing the . internet; advertisements are everywhere. Eric Schlosser has a good point when he argues in his essay “ Kid Kustomers” that more advertisements are being directed towards children each day. It is not only directed toward children, but influencing children to beg their parents for environment, products they do not need or even want.

As in, the stuff they see on television. Advertising , Burbank, California , Disney Channel 1468 Words | 4 Pages. EssayForum Unanswered [2] / Urgent [3] Home / Speeches / 'Good morning friends!'; Introducing Myself - college speech . answers: 2 Sarath Kumar Oct 31, 2013, 11:19am #1 Introducing Myself - college speech Good morning friends! My name is Sarath Kumar. Effects Of Television Viewing On Young People Essay? I'm going to introduce myself.I have born and grown up in Vizianagaram and I'm studying first year BSC computer science in this prestigeous college, Vizianagaram. As for my family, I've just one brother older than me. Help? My father. 1995 singles , Attention , Employment 746 Words | 3 Pages.

Discuss the techniques used to convince the reader to adopt a particular way of thinking about text one and speech text two? The feature article, “the Overprotected . kid ” written by Hannah Rosin published in the Atlantic uses the techniques of Descriptive language, anecdote and factual evidence to environment persuade the reader to adopt a particular way of thinking. Writing? The feature article poses the theory that children of the 21st century are missing out on childhood development and experiences due to the increasing overprotection. 21st century , Academy Award for Best Picture , Child 817 Words | 2 Pages. Countryside Is Safe For Kids Essay. ?Targets: Select poems which support or contradict the viewpoint directly. Targets: Aim to help remain focused and concise in your answer throughout the . Effects Of Television On Young People? essay . Thoughts: For this task I created a slightly more detailed plan before completing the help essay . Synthesise Advanced Guestbook? I think that I have improved greatly to reach my benchmark on this task. Essay? In Songs of speech Innocence and Experience, ‘The countryside is help environment a place where children can play safely’ consider the ways in writing speech which Blake presents the relationship between the countryside. Alliteration , Child , Childhood 2196 Words | 4 Pages. ?Running Head: COMMUNICATION VIA “THE KID ” 1 Interpersonal Communication as lost . Environment Essay? from the movie “The Kid ” COMMUNICATION VIA “THE KID ” 2 The interpersonal communication in the movie “The Kid ” is unique in some aspects.

Russ, the middle aged character, has an indifference to everyone he communicates with at the beginning of the movie. As the movie progresses, you can see how Russ’s interpersonal communication. Communication , Graphic communication , Interpersonal communication 809 Words | 3 Pages. Duritz hides from his hurt and loneliness by working all the time, being thoughtless and insensitive to everyone he meets, and Ethnography forgetting his feelings and essay . that he ever had them. But he can't escape his feelings.

Duritz meets a pudgy, unhappy little kid named Rusty (Spencer Breslin) who turns out to be none other than Duritz himself, circa 1968. At first, Duritz is embarrassed by his younger self. He says, I look at him and speech all I see is awful memories -- memories I've been spending most of my life. Amy Tong , Dog , Marriage 891 Words | 3 Pages. Easy Essay Topics for help environment essay, Kids It is always good to begin with essays where children can describe something. The . topic should be about something that the kids already know, like, their home or family.

Such type of outstanding essay essay topics will aid them to learn to organize their thoughts in a constructive manner. After children select their topic, they can make points about them, before actually writing the main essay . Here are some good essay topics for kids which they will be able to write easily. Environment? . Essay , Essays , Mobile phone 444 Words | 2 Pages. writing this essay right now. University Of Toronto? I know what you are probably thinking right now, reader. Help? You are thinking somthing along the lines of, Another . essay about Ethnography, how a horny teacher and how said teachers inability to keep it in his pants turned you on to writing (see what I did there, kids ?) Boring! Before you give up on both this essay and environment myself , let me assure you that this essay is synthesise guestbook both based in truth and unique.

While there are a million teacher unzips pants and in doing so changes a kids opinion of. Classroom , Creative class , Creative writing 2258 Words | 5 Pages. Kids or No Kids Candance Bacco March 3, 2013 The title of my paper is called Kids or No Kids . . Today married couples have a big decision on whether or not they want kids . I start out my paper by talking about how important this decision is and help how it effects other people. Then I start to talk about all the pros of having kids . After that I point out synthesise guestbook 2.4.4 all the cons of having children. The next part of the paper is all about the pros and cons of not having kids . As you will see there are a lot. Child , Debut albums , Form of the Good 1027 Words | 3 Pages. writing, the help essay topic sentence nearly always works best at the beginning of a paragraph so that the reader knows what to expect. Don't count on your readers to . guess what your paragraph is going to be about.

NOTE: The first and last paragraphs of an thesis university of toronto essay are exceptions to this rule. In both instances, readers already know you're leading up to something, and you can save the topic sentence to help environment essay make a strong paragraph ending. Expand on a remembrance, the Topic Sentences The body of help a paragraph develops and demonstrates. Logic , Marshall McLuhan , Paragraph 637 Words | 4 Pages. Exploratory Essay Kids in Competitve Sports. question whether or not they should sign their kids up for of television people, a competitive sports team. Although many parents are skeptical of putting their . child in on such an emotional journey, everybody gets a taste of competitiveness sometime in their life, especially in the competitive workforce. There are so many reasons to consider whether or not it is help essay healthy to involve their innocent children in such a competitive atmosphere at a young age. Outstanding Teacher Essay? Many parents who put their kids into environment essay, sports at a young age often grew up. Anxiety , Childhood , Learning 1142 Words | 4 Pages. ?Katie Luther English 118, Instructor Griffin 7/9/2013 Essay #1 Audience: Class Mates and teacher Caution!

Kids At . Synthesise 2.4.4? Play! I loved growing up in my neighborhood. Help? I lived on a street called Hemming Way and it was a beautiful street where each house seemed to stand on its own hill, almost like royalty. My house was a deep dark red and it had bright green grass out front and a beautiful garden that consisted of roses, dandelions, and jasmines. Ethnography? There were trees and help environment mountains everywhere. English-language films , Jump , Play 865 Words | 3 Pages. maybe connected to low self esteem and image, a clear example of this can be shown in the time it has taken for me to Ethnography write this piece of work, I decided . that I would base what I had learnt on the course, theory and group work around my beliefs about myself and my abilities. Main I realised that I was not taught how to learn as a child and due to this I formed my own beliefs around. I decided that by having an understanding of different learning styles may help me find what approach works best. Cognition , Essay , Mind 849 Words | 3 Pages.

A friend of mine asked me to write an essay about myself ….and I wondered that I did experience many writings but none of them . Essay? were my own. Undoubtedly it’s difficult to tell you about me but let’s start from a scratch. Ethnography? I am Adeela Abbasi, born at Deena near Mangla in 1988. Being the elder of my family with two siblings a brother and a sister, I enjoyed the love of every relation at utmost level. Essay? My father belongs to a construction business and laptop essay my mom is a house wife.

Papa, having charismatic personality. Allah , Islamic banking , Management 809 Words | 2 Pages. ?Nadia Testroet Eikum AP English December 13, 2014 About Myself In 1914, World War I began and help essay was commonly referred to around the world as . “The War To End All Wars” and “The Great War”. As volunteers for writing, the war ran out, the government had to go into a draft. As names were getting pulled, the soon to be soldiers were being pulled out as just a number, not even a name. Following the environment essay conclusion of World War I was the thesis emergence of The Great Depression. Help Environment? “Millions of teacher essay people were out of essay work, and. Federal government of the United States , Franklin D. Roosevelt , Great Depression 797 Words | 4 Pages. The Art of the effects of television viewing on young essay Essay It is the fall of 2008, and a 14 year old kid is sitting in environment his Freshman Introductory English class. . Classes essentially just started and like always, the new freshmen are still giddy in the excitement of a new school with new classes. Kids walk around with their class schedules in their back pockets, stopping and investigating the potential of each and every one of their friends' list of writing a remembrance classes. Freshman English, Freshman Science, Algebra I, World History, and Fundamentals. American football , Essay , Five paragraph essay 1980 Words | 5 Pages.

Happy Marriages, Happy Kids On a sunny day, a father wants his family to go mountain climbing, but the help environment essay mother prefers to laptop essay go to environment essay the . mall to laptop essay buy shoes for the kids . Even though it is a very normal conversation in a family, the way parents solve this conflict could make a big deal to environment the kids . Siegel, author of “7 Essential Lessons Your Kids Learn from Your Marriage,” states that “how you and synthesise your husband talk to help essay each other, how you listen, and how you work out your differences shape the beliefs. Alimony , Annulment , Divorce 1333 Words | 4 Pages. In The Introductory Paragraph To This Essay About Essays. ?In the introductory paragraph to this essay about essays I will tell you that you don’t need an people essay introductory paragraph, at environment essay least . not of the 1) topic sentence 2) structural methodology 3) thesis statement varity that we were all taught in Ethnography high school. What you do need is That Thing; maybe a question, a fear or a fury. It makes your blood boil. It’s all you can talk about essay, when you sit down with your friends over a glass of wine or two or five, or maybe you can’t talk about of television viewing on young essay, it with anyone, just your.

Education , Essay , Essays 1304 Words | 4 Pages. try to figure out by myself . I was very sacred I didn’t know what I am going to do. I decided I am not going to sit here and do nothing. Next . morning I went to college and asked the administration lady what is assessment test, and where I have to take the test and what should I study. She explained me everything about help essay, assessment test. I took my assessment test without getting any help from speech my brother.

I was really happy that I am ready for some responsibility of myself . But now there is new. Academic term , College , Essay 1524 Words | 4 Pages. Allen Eckles Mrs. Konczakowski 12 CP LA period 1 23 August 2012 “Token kid ” In school social circles, I always find myself . becoming “The Token Black kid . Help Environment Essay? Most people just naturally assume by the tan skin and laptop essay curly hair that I must be half black. They mistakenly assume that many of the accomplishments I have made are due to help essay the fact that I am mixed. It is true that I am mixed, but not with African American, but with the Latino culture. My mother was born in the Dominican Republic, and my.

African American , Black Hispanic and Latino Americans , Black people 1337 Words | 4 Pages. Gerard Jones is quite a fan of The Hulk and Tarzan comic books. In his essay “Violent Media is Ethnography Good for Kids ” Jones argues that . the violence in those and other comics teach valuable lessons that will help children understand difficult emotions. Help? Jones states that in “try (ing) to protect our children from their own feelings and fantasies, we shelter them not against violence but against power and selfhood.” Throughout the essay Jones relies on personal anecdotes that reveal his opinions about violence. Fantastic Four , Graphic novel , Marvel Comics 1310 Words | 4 Pages. two smoothest scoops of vanilla” (359) which shows the writing a remembrance author’s use for humorous imagery to help express Sammy’s mannerisms. Updike also describes the females . with terms that could be found offensive. Thesis Writing? Sammy often refers to one of the girls as “the chunky kid ” and also says one of the other girls has “one of help those chubby berry faces” (356). Sammy also calls the essay customers a whole list of names, witch, bums, sheep, and pigs. This is another example of how the author uses language to express Sammy’s attitude.

360 , Comedy , Feeling 1197 Words | 3 Pages. stories, news articles, and environment especially essays begin with good hooks because a writer is often judged within the first few sentences. Just as . the news tries to stimulate our fears by announcing a “danger in synthesise advanced guestbook 2.4.4 our water supply,” a writer must try to bring the help environment reader from his or her world into the world of the essay . Effects Of Television Viewing? This is help essay done with a few choice words at the beginning of the essay : the infamous hook. Outstanding Essay? It is not easy to help environment essay think of how to make someone want to read an essay about a novel. Writing? It’s not even easy to.

Essay , Good and help evil , Human 609 Words | 3 Pages. She borrows sugar, wheat flour and other sundries from all the Neighbours but never returns what she borrows. Thesis Writing University Of Toronto? She is environment essay fat and ugly but she considers . herself very beautiful. My neighbours Many of viewing on young us live in housing estates. I live in one myself . The one thing about living in a housing estate is that we have many neighbours. Next to my house on the right lives a family whose parents seem to help environment essay be always scolding the children. Advanced? I do not know them very well because they always appear angry. Environment Essay? Never. Family , Feces , Friendly 593 Words | 2 Pages.

expand my skills to the fullest. To me a good education will equip me for a better job opputunity in my career field. Without having the outstanding proper education I . would not be able to support my future dreams, my kids well being and I would not be able to provide a stable home to live in for my kids and I because, It will be much harder to environment find a job that I enjoy doing that will pay me enough to pay my bills. A higher education is very important to me because, it's my ultimate goal to develop new skills. College , Education in speech the People's Republic of China , Gymnasium 866 Words | 2 Pages. ?Chris Hartwick Personal Essay I have thought about this for essay, a couple of days and I am still wrapping my head around the essay idea of . putting it on paper. Being forty -five, I have a lot of experiences both good and help essay bad but it is not as easy as I thought to effects of television viewing pick just one. I decided to pick one that I have been experiencing every day for the last year and environment a half.

At most this is an abbreviated version of laptop essay my experience. Help? I have been unemployed twice since September 2010. The first job I was laid. High school , Prince , Rake 1617 Words | 4 Pages. *note: certain places and university peoples' names have been censored* Essay topic: We are interested in learning more . about you and help essay the context in which you have grown up, formed your aspirations and writing a remembrance accomplished your academic successes.

Please describe the factors and challenges that have most shaped your personal life and aspirations. How have these factors caused you to grow? Coming to America was not easy for my parents, especially considering. Accept , Anxiety , High school 913 Words | 3 Pages. _____________________________________ Date ________________________________ Period ___ My Dream Life Essay Due Date: Typed final drafts . are due on _______________________ at the beginning of the period. Your graded final draft will be placed in your portfolio. Environment? Organization of Paper: Title: Come up with a creative title Paragraph #1: Introduction. Laptop Essay? Use one of the “hooks” from the six choices on side 2. Don’t forget to let your reader know what your essay will be about (career, family, friends, relationships, house, and help vehicle).

Automobile , Dream , Henry David Thoreau 647 Words | 2 Pages. cast your mind back to the last time you stood your ground as your nine-year-old begged for people essay, yet another pair of trainers, or your 14-year-old threatened to help . fail his exams unless he could go out with his friends midweek ? bankrolled by you? Pampered kids can grow up to be dysfunctional within society Can you, hand on heart, say that you have never once given in to the petulant insistence that everyone else I know has one, even when you knew, deep down, that you shouldn't? We all love our children. Child , Child discipline , CHILD syndrome 3138 Words | 6 Pages. Problem “ Kids will be kids .” Time and time again, this phrase has been used to dismiss the countless cases of bullying that take . Laptop Essay? place in schools across the country. Help Environment? Such a carefree attitude towards a violent and brutal problem like bullying is Ethnography a disturbing trend to help environment see. Every year thousands of kids fall victim to schoolyard and a remembrance online bulling.

A child who has suffered from help bullying is “2 to laptop essay 9 times more likely to commit or attempt suicide” (Teen Health) and more often then not, cruelty from peers. Abuse , Aggression , Bullying 881 Words | 3 Pages. Analysis of the Kids Are All Right. Analysis of The Kids Are All Right by Susan Faludi Kids are crawling around in the dirt, screaming, and have not yet had their . diapers changed because the day care provider seems to environment be in a trance watching the latest episode of the Montel Williams show. A Remembrance? One of the workers strikes a child because she won't stop crying about how hungry she is. Help Environment? The other worker just sits in her chair drinking Jack Daniels with a little Coke mixed in. Not all is well at the Wee World Child Center.

But is this. Audience theory , Babysitting , Childcare 882 Words | 3 Pages. noteworthy personal essays are written by famous personal essay authors. I think reading a personal essay is like . Outstanding? having a deep conversation with someone. I am reminded of the drunken heart to environment essay hearts I had in high school with fellow friends out on the ranch. A personal essay is writing speech a story filled with feelings, sounds, comparisons, parallel to me, parallel to everyone somehow. Sitting down at a computer wondering why a personal essay is so popular, thinking about the other essays I have written and. Essay , Writing 2749 Words | 7 Pages. n this reflective essay , I want to talk about my situation.

When I was thirteen , I survived something really difficult. I got through it and . became a different person. I was the help environment essay person that used to talk a lot, a naughty one and I liked to make fun of other people. Synthesise Guestbook? But certainly,in a mean time, I became a different person, and I can’t even imagine it. Six years ago, at aged thirteen,as a young girl have knew nothing about the US. I had come to America. At that time, English is the most difficult.

2008 singles , Dance-pop songs , Debut albums 970 Words | 3 Pages. September 11th, 2012 Asmaa Salem Narrative Essay I am an average 16 year who just can’t wait to grow up and face the help essay real world and not . Ethnography? have to worry about help essay, any rules or restrictions. Guestbook 2.4.4? On January 12th, 1996, my parents named me Asmaa, so I have to stick with that name for environment essay, the rest of writing a remembrance speech my life. Personally, I like the name because it’s the name of a very great person; more of a hero in Islam. Help Environment Essay? Names in synthesise advanced 2.4.4 my family go with a pattern; but this only goes for girls. The pattern is the double ‘A’ at the. 2008 albums , Debut albums , Frustration 1565 Words | 4 Pages.

?Anthony Santos September 18, 2013 Narrative Essay Professor Wang Unfamiliar Territory I recall the nerves, sweat, and some . Essay? tears of my first day of public school in an unfamiliar environment. I was vulnerable and invisible to all the viewing chaos occurring in my peripheral vision. Help Essay? All I remember is seeing an endless sea of faces from all different colors, backgrounds, and ages. Writing A Remembrance? In the moment, I perceived that anyone who survived this madness would be considered invincible. This experience. Cafeteria , High school , Private school 825 Words | 3 Pages. Narrative Essay (Proving Myself to help environment essay My Dad) course, Johnny Walker Whiskey. My father and I never had a typical, father-daughter relationship. He never taught how to do anything else but drive . and ride a motorcycle, which he taught me out of the necessity for me to synthesise advanced be able to transport myself , not as a bonding experience.

He would repeatedly tell me that no daughter of help him would become a carpenter or a mechanic, which were and still are two of effects of television on young essay my interests. Essay? I never learned about hand tools, cars, playing soccer, fishing, off roading, hunting. 2007 singles , Family , Man 1483 Words | 4 Pages. ?Social Media Marketing Note On Smo Marketing Essay Social Media Optimization can be defined as a process of achieving Marketing Communication . and Branding goals through the use of outstanding various Social Media Websites. Environment? It is a process to optimize web sites, so that they are easily connected or interlaced with online communities and community websites. Ethnography? Primarily the Focus of Social Media Optimization is to drive traffic from Sources other than the Search Engines. Social media can take many different forms. Blog , Facebook , Instant messaging 1777 Words | 6 Pages.

Green) This little line from one of my favorite books helped me start my journey of self-discovery. Before, I really did consider myself as . someone very unextraordinary. To the world, I’m just an average girl that nobody will ever notice. Maybe I never will be noticed in help essay an extraordinary way, but I’m determined to make my mark. Thesis? But first things first, I had to discover myself and help essay define who I really am. My first moment of self-discovery began, actually, when I first developed my love for books. Of Television Viewing On Young People? And that. Adolf Hitler , Dragon , Essay 1624 Words | 4 Pages. Essay - Effect of Media on Kids - Apa.Doc Uploaded Successfully.

COVER PAGE HOW DOES MEDIA AFFECT KIDS ? Student: Supervisor: HOW DOES MEDIA AFFECT KIDS ? There has been an . on-going debate whether or not media influences a child’s behavior. There isn’t a doubt that the media has an impact on environment, a child, but is it so influential that it can make a child do something that they would have never thought of guestbook doing until they see it on environment essay, the television? According to outstanding Dr. Help Essay? Susan Villani (1999), there is a significant amount of synthesise guestbook 2.4.4 evidence linking behavioral effects. Aggression , Behavior , Media influence 1291 Words | 4 Pages. Effect On Kids Video games have a positive and essay negative effect on kids . Video games affect the kids health, for . example lead to cardiovascular implication. Also affect their education when affecting their cognition. Others video games effects on kids are when affecting their social and behaviors. Parents need to synthesise advanced 2.4.4 involve and help regulate their children‘s gaming habit.

Video games attribute in big portion in kids behavior. Video game affect kids negatively could be a good reason to make a kid violent. Console game , Entertainment Software Rating Board , Game 1508 Words | 4 Pages. phenomenon of Hong Kong Kids I The Phenomenon of Hong Kong Kids . THE PHENOMENON OF HONG KONG KIDS II Abstract In recent years, children who born after 1990s are labeled “Hong Kong kids ”. The comments towards “Hong Kong kids ” are mostly negative. This paper is aimed to discover “Hong Kong kids ” characteristic, and viewing the cause of this phenomenon. Throughout examining “Hong Kong kids ”, it can show out.

Economy of the People's Republic of China , Emotional intelligence , Hong Kong 1067 Words | 3 Pages. ?Name:Wendy Moderow Date:12/30/14 EN46b Unit 6 Critical Analysis Essay Grade: _____/100 Directions: Compose a critical analysis . essay that focuses on an essay's theme and how the literary elements contribute to the development of the theme. Your critical analysis essay must focus on one of the following essays : How to Write with Style by environment Kurt Vonnegut Jr. Advanced Guestbook? (from Unit 1) The Organization Kid by help essay David Brooks (from Unit 2) Why We Crave Horror Movies by synthesise 2.4.4 Stephen King (from Unit 3) I Have a. China , Kurt Vonnegut 795 Words | 2 Pages. Scholarship essay ?As Franklin Roosevelt once said “It is only through labor and painful effort, by grim energy and resolute courage that we . Environment Essay? move on to better things”. My childhood was filled with memories of happiness, sadness and writing a remembrance the loss of help environment essay experiences that have made it hard for me to grow up. Thesis University? I’ve had to environment essay show my strength to overcome things and the courage to laptop essay walk away from things that aren’t good for me without knowing if it will affect me in environment a bad way. Throughout the laptop essay past few years I have. Emotion , Family , Foster care 1700 Words | 4 Pages. ? Myself as a Writer Gatphan Atassi 2nd Period AP Lang It is no surprise to environment essay anyone who has known me since my years as a wee-little first . grader that language is my Achilles Heel.

The inner confusion in an up-and-coming student's head when introduced to two languages since birth is effects viewing people quite a mess. Help Environment? Having to live in a world half dominated by the colloquial English language that is spoken everyday while the other half is controlled by the strict rules of Arabic drives me insane at synthesise advanced guestbook 2.4.4 times. Help? Lately. Educational years , Grade , High school 1194 Words | 4 Pages. from the University of Pittsburgh found that “harsh verbal discipline”—cursing, insults, and shouting—can be as harmful to kids as hitting or . spanking. Guestbook? The scientists tracked 967 middle-schoolers for two years. The students attended 10 public schools in eastern Pennsylvania and came from help essay middle-class families that were not considered “high risk.” Sifting through surveys these kids and their families completed on “their mental health, child-rearing practices, the quality of the parent-child relationship. Death growl , Father , Lisa Simpson 855 Words | 3 Pages.

for every excuse to get rid of someone. Wear and effects of television on young people appearance means to me is that you should be in help essay the right uniform at times when instructed or permitted, is . should be clean and serviceable and be to Ethnography military standards. The reason i am writing tho essay y is i simply got lazy towards the exercise in Graf and i decided that packing my gear and others things where more important then my appearance in my military uniform. i decided not to shave and help environment essay therefore that action i was confronted by another NCO. Army , Army Combat Uniform , Military 1151 Words | 3 Pages. THE WINNING ESSAY IDEA is happy to announce Aisa Ovshiyeva from Russia the winner of the IDEA Declaration of Interdependence . essay contest. Honorable mention also goes to Syed Hashim Zaidi, the ?rst runner up from Pakistan and Feshko Yliana the second runner up from thesis writing of toronto Ukraine who will receive IDEA publications. Essay? Aisa will receive a trip to the Interdependence Day Celebration in teacher Rome, Italy on September 12, 2004.

Idebate Magazine would like to congratulate Aisa and we invite our readers to read. Africa , BBC World Service , Globalization 1182 Words | 4 Pages. Responsibility Essay GEN/200 I have often pondered throughout my life the “what if’s” of education. Help? What if I don’t finish . college and what if I don’t take personal responsibility for furthering my education? My answer being, “Nah, my work ethic and hands on experience will get me to where I need to be.” I’ve later come to realize that for me, that answer isn’t good enough. Getting my Bachelor’s degree will show my responsibility to future employers. It will allow me to provide. Academic degree , Associate's degree , Bachelor's degree 1283 Words | 4 Pages. THE WRITING PROCESS – PERSUASIVE ESSAY Prompt: Do you think cell phones should be allowed in school? Compose an of television viewing essay to . persuade the help school community of your opinion. STEP 1: ANALYZE THE PROMPT Role: myself as a student Planning: Audience: students, teachers, parents Format: 5-paragraph persuasive essay Topic: cell phones in laptop essay school STEP 2: PLAN THE PAPER Topic: Three reasons why cell phones should be allowed in environment essay school: Reasons: 1- students stay connected with family and friends ________________________.

Cellular network , Education , Laptop 927 Words | 8 Pages. Compare and Contrast:Swing Kids/A Separate Peace. Comparison/Contrast Essay For A Separate Peace and Swing Kids - Similarities-Differences Outline I. Introduction- Last . sentence is the thesis II. Advanced 2.4.4? Paragraph(s) discussing only the similarities between A and B (transition) III. Help Environment Essay? Paragraphs discussing only the differences between A and B (transition) IV. Laptop Essay? Discuss how and A and B reflect or connect to help a shared theme (must be one of the themes discussed in class) V. Writing Of Toronto? Conclusion Possible Choices: - Compare and contrast the characters. Debate 767 Words | 4 Pages. Observational Essay Whether the essay sun is just rising, or has been set for some time, you can always find Velocity Sports Performance at 2211 . NW Military Hwy Suite 127B San Antonio Texas 78216, hustling and bustling with employees, coaches and its members.

This athletic training facility isn’t your ordinary work out teacher essay facility like Lifetime, Spectrum, or Triton. No – Velocity is essay a specialized training facility that teaches, coaches, and informs people of all ages to be fit, healthy, and most of thesis writing university of toronto all. A Flock of environment essay Seagulls , Dream Come True , Work Out 1416 Words | 4 Pages. Essays are generally scholarly pieces of writing written from an author's personal point of view, but the definition is vague, overlapping with . those of an article, a pamphlet and a short story. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the writing author. Almost all modern essays are written in prose, but works in verse have been dubbed essays (e.g. Alexander Pope's. Alexander Pope , Essay , Essays 1053 Words | 4 Pages.

Field Experience Essay I observed and analyzed the design and delivery of an instructional unit in environment a Montessori school setting. I observed a . classroom of synthesise 2.4.4 grades 1-3 two times from 9 a.m. – 11 a.m. at the Kennebec Montessori school. I was asked to sit quietly and to not interact with the children so I could get a realistic view of the class day and the children would pursue their chosen work. When I first entered the help environment essay classroom the atmosphere was very inviting and comfortable unlike most classrooms. Classroom , Education , Kindergarten 938 Words | 3 Pages. an alternate view that we need to keep in mind when we are teaching. Things like the sciences are taught as completely true, but we have to be aware because . we are mere humans we don’t know all the laptop essay answers, and we need to teach this concept to help environment essay our kids . The difference that knowing this concept really broadens our student’s perspective on life by laptop essay teaching them not everything taught is fact. 6 Respond to this quotation from Norman Vincent Peale from the point of help environment view of teacher evaluations. A Remembrance? “The. Certified teacher , Education , Mind 957 Words | 3 Pages. Good for Kids ”. It is undeniable that the environment title of Jones’s essay is straightforward and aptly named, if not confidently bold. . But while his claim may boast confidence, it lacks credibility. Jones does do a great job introducing his controversial claim by using passion, persuasion, and personal experience.

However, his insufficient evidence and fallacious reasoning fail to support the claim he is making, and therefore weaken his argument. The author starts off his essay by allowing. Comics , Logic , Marvel Comics 954 Words | 3 Pages.

A for and against environment essay essay about the internet. Laptop Essay? Look at environment the essay and a remembrance speech do the exercises to improve your writing skills. Do the preparation exercise first. Then read the text and do the other exercises. What's your opinion? Do you think the environment internet is bad for young people? For young people it is. Essay? They shoud be surervised while accessing the internet, because they might find pornographic content, violent content and such.

Internet, an invention which still amazes people in is own way, is not always good. It has really bad side effects on young adults. As in the essay, the young people get addicted to online games and they become addicted to the internet quickly. As we can see, there are many more online games being made like Pokemon Go, etc. is really dangerous for young people. I think it really should have a age limit. And also we must be strict about the essay rules of synthesise, age limit on essay internet too. I#039;m also a young adult but I find internet uninteresting and dangerous so I approve of it having age limits. For YOUNG PEOPLE yes it is.

I think Internet is very useful in laptop essay schools and in work. It#039;s also handy when you need to environment essay communicate. On the laptop essay other hand a lot of people are addicted from sites like facbook, twitter or instagram. I also agree that learning on the internet (like here ont the british council ;) ) is very usefull . So in conclusion internet is possibly the most usefull thing that we ever invented. :) I agree with all of you, but what about learning how to play a musical instrument? I think internet can be very good for teenagers because it helps them a lot especially for essays, projects and homeworks, but it can be also very bad because children spend too much time online.

I like internet because I can listen to songs onYouTube and I use British Councile:) Hi BigBen6464. I'm glad to hear that you enjoy practising English here :) Is there anything in particular that you like on the site? Jonathan (LearnEnglish Teens Team) Thanks! I like your reading skills practice, stories about UK and What is it? in Study Break. British Council really helps me with my vocabulary. I love it! I think the internet is an amazing tool which can be used for environment essay, equally amazing things, but only in the hands of the right person. One bad aspect of internet is that anyone could acess anything anytime.

That means there is a lot of university of toronto, inappropriate content out there, but a good person is able to avoid it. In my opinion, though internet is very good and useful, but some young people use it for bad things. Help Environment Essay? Such as playing computer games and get addict with it. Many parents has banned the children not allowed to play forever,1 week or a day or so. But they never keep their word because, of course, parents love their kids, that is why after just a while,they let their children play AGAIN with their games, so really though, I think internet is speech useful with good children,and it is bad with bad children.

I totaly agree. It all depends from parents. If they let children to spend too much time online children will get a bad habit when they grow up. You#039;re quite right! I agree with your good comment in point: #039;I think internet is environment useful with good children, and it is bad with bad children#039;. !! :) In my opinion, Internet is one of the greatest people created.

You have an access to billions of libraries from laptop essay, your computer, you are able to speak with your friends even if they are on help environment the other side of the world. Many people work using the Internet. Now let#039;s mention disadvantages of the Internet and web-technologies. Firstly, many people nowadays become addicted and can#039;t survive for more than an hour without computer or smartphone. They need to publish their photos in social networks, chat with 7 people in one moment and read new posts in their favourite online communities. Advanced? Young people sometimes find their online-life better than the real one. The second disadvantage is help environment essay that nobody can guarantee the safety of outstanding teacher, your personal data.

Everyone has heard stories about hackers that published private and scandal photos of help environment, data base of the big company. It#039;s not really pleasant to thesis university know that somebody can easily find out essay all your secrets. To sum up, Internrt is a wonderful tool for searching the necessary information, but social networks is quite tricky part of World Wide Web. I think the internet very useful for a remembrance speech, us .bcz we can get anything without spend alot of time in looking it . everything when we use it excessively and more than usually #039;it will be badthing. Help? Well, we must admit that on this perfectly imperfect planet nothing entirely good or entirely bad exists. Internet is included. Surely it was meant for connecting people from all continents, but as the human mind has no border line we found out how to use it for effects of television essay, different things that provide us either with information or amusement. It is environment essay said that the Internet is a good servant but a bad master. Therefore, we can see that the laptop essay problem isn#039;t in the Internet itself but rather in the humans, as it is us who are using it and who are asked FOR WHAT we are using it.

So for our irresponsibility we shouldn#039;t blame the Internet but ourselves as we are unable to use a powerful tool for environment essay, our own improvement but we use it for our own unwanted degradation. I think that#039;s quite right!! Nowadays, Internet has been the effects of television viewing on young essay most important thing in mutimedia life. Personally, l consider that the internet is bad or not,which depends on users. I think the Internet is something that we have to know, and we should know what is help environment essay good and bad for synthesise advanced guestbook 2.4.4, us, and keep ourselves away from what can damage ourselves in any way. I think it is the help essay same for young people, we have to be responsible, because the writing university Internet is a tool that helps us either with the school, or with any ordinary situation. Help? i think internet is useful for everyone.

If it was a bad thing, something awful, it would have changed instead of reaching the whole world. Is something crazy, used 24hrs a day, everyday of the week, a lot of information, and of television on young a lot of people online. About teenagers who are addicted to help environment essay games, that depends on each family. Parents could create rules, so no one would be in a bad position. And that also depends on laptop essay the teenager#039;s sense of what he or she can or can#039;t do. It#039;s impossible to live without internet in a society like nowdays, it#039;s just so easy to make a research, work on environment essay a project. c#039;mon, does anyone here wants to spend hours and hours looking for few informations? Internet is useful for everyone, for laptop essay, young and old people. There#039;s a lot of sites that can help us a lot. Help Environment? But, today Internet ha gone too far away.

Almost, there#039;s no home without the thesis writing university of toronto internet(more than 70% in whole world are with internet). Yes, there are a good and a bad sites on the Internet. We have different web-sites(Facebook,Tumlr, Twitter, Instagram. ) that shows us a different world. We can learn a lot of things (English, French. ) and a lot of other things. But we all know that Internet isn#039;t so much safe.Even if we think that we have good hide it our information, we don#039;t.

There#039;s a lot of dangerous people in the world. To sum up, I completely agree with essay. No, i don`t thing internet bad for young people, because there is many information in the internet. In my opinion, I dont think Internet is bad for people. Without the Internet, I cannot learn language (English) by myself and I wouldn#039;t be able to access to lots of useful information that school doesn#039;t teach me. On the other hand, internet is help essay bad only when people dont know how to use it wisely. If young people use the Internet for studying and laptop essay relaxing in proper way, internet would be very useful. To me, the internet#039;s the most wonderful tool that human had created. In my own perspective, the Internet plays an important role in the communicating barrier. As you can see, people all around the world are using the environment Internet, including the essay elderly.

We communicate with each other using the internet and help environment essay it really helps us to essay stay connected with one another. Besides, without the internet, how are the countries going to develop? Our knowledge and the view to the outside world, the perspective to the outside of our comfort zone will be just limited, like a frog in help environment essay the well. So, why not? The internet is the best connection between an individual to synthesise the whole wide world. It#039;s definitely a boon. Essay? Internet is advanced guestbook very usefull for us. Internet is particularly useful for essay, everyone, nearly all things are on the internet, you can get anything by only searching on it.

Internet seems becoming really important nowadays, it helps people a lot, for example i use internet for learning English, reading news and doing research for teacher, my tasks. However, internet also can give many bad effects, people become so fanatical on social media and essay often forget about time and everything they should do. I completely disagree that internet is thesis bad for help essay, teenagers, internet can be useful or useless, it depends on a remembrance the way people use the internet. How does this photo make you feel? Can you write a caption for it? . Look carefully. What's this everyday object?

Play Wordshake and see how many points can you get in 3 minutes. © British Council The United Kingdom's international organisation for cultural relations and help environment essay educational opportunities. A registered charity: 209131 (England and Wales) SC037733 (Scotland).

Cold War and Global Hegemony, 1945-1991. University of Virginia. We are accustomed to viewing the cold war as a determined and heroic response of the U.S. to environment, communist aggression spearheaded and orchestrated by the Soviet Union. This image was carefully constructed by presidents and their advisers in their memoirs (1). This view also was incorporated in some of the first scholarly works on laptop essay, the cold war, but was then rebutted by a wide variety of revisionist historians who blamed officials in Washington as well as those in Moscow for the origins of the Soviet-American conflict (2). Nonetheless, in the aftermath of the cold war the traditional interpretation reemerged.

John Gaddis, arguably the help most eminent historian of the advanced guestbook 2.4.4 cold war, wrote in help environment, the mid-1990s that the cold war was a struggle of good versus evil, of wise and democratic leaders in the West reacting to the crimes and inhumanity of Joseph Stalin, the brutal dictator in laptop essay, the Kremlin (3). This interpretation places the cold war in a traditional framework. It is one way to understand American foreign policy between the help end of World War II and the breakup of the Union of a remembrance Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) in 1991. Environment Essay! But for quite some time now, historians, political scientists, and economists have been studying the cold war in a much larger global context. They do so because the new documents from the writing speech Soviet Union and its former empire as well as older documents from the U.S. and its allies suggest that Stalin conducted a more complex and inconsistent foreign policy than previously imagined and that U.S. officials initially did not regard Stalin, notwithstanding his crimes and brutality, as an help environment unacceptable partner with whom to teacher, collaborate in stabilizing and remaking the postwar world. Most scholars looking at essay Soviet documents now agree that Stalin had no master plan to on young people essay, spread revolution or conquer the world. He was determined to establish a sphere of influence in eastern Europe where his communist minions would rule. But at the same time, Stalin wanted to get along with his wartime allies in order to control the rebirth of German and Japanese power, which he assumed was inevitable. Consequently, he frequently cautioned communist followers in France, Italy, Greece, and elsewhere to avoid provocative actions that might frighten or antagonize his wartime allies. Within his own country and his own sphere, he was cruel, evil, almost genocidal, just as Gaddis and other traditional scholars suggest (4). Help Environment Essay! Yet U.S. and British officials were initially eager to work with him.

They rarely dwelled upon his domestic barbarism. Typically, President Harry S Truman wrote his wife, Bess, after his first meeting with Stalin: I like Stalin. Of Toronto! He is straightforward. Knows what he wants and will compromise when he can't get it. Environment Essay! Typically, W. Averell Harriman, the U.S. ambassador to Moscow, remonstrated that If it were possible to see him /Stalin/ more frequently, many of our difficulties would be overcome(5). Yet the difficulties were not overcome. American fears grew. To understand them, scholars nowadays examine the global context of postwar American and Soviet diplomacy.

They see the laptop essay contest between American freedom and Soviet totalitarianism as part of an evolving fabric of international economic and political conditions in the twentieth century. After World War II, they say, U.S. Help! leaders assumed the role of hegemon, or leader, of the international economy and writing a remembrance container of Soviet power. To explain why, scholars examine the operation of the world economy and the distribution of power in the international system. They look at transnational ideological conflict, the help essay disruption of of television viewing people colonial empires, and the rise of revolutionary nationalism in Asia and Africa. They explain the spread of the help environment cold war from Europe to Asia, Africa, the outstanding essay Middle East and Latin America by environment essay focusing on decolonization, the rise of newly independent states, and the yearnings of peoples everywhere to modernize their countries and enjoy higher standards of living. Yet the capacity of the U.S. to Ethnography, assume the roles of hegemon, balancer, and container depended on more than its wealth and strength; the success of the U.S. Help Essay! also depended on the appeal of its ideology, the vitality of thesis writing university its institutions, and essay the attractiveness of its culture of mass consumption—what many scholars nowadays call soft power (6).

At the end of World War II, the U.S. and viewing people essay the Soviet Union emerged as the two strongest nations in the world and as exemplars of competing models of environment essay political economy. But it was a peculiar bipolarity. The U.S. was incontestably the most powerful nation on thesis university, the earth. It alone possessed the atomic bomb. Help Environment! It alone possessed a navy that could project power across the oceans and an air force that could reach across the continents. The U.S. was also the richest nation in the world. It possessed two-thirds of the world's gold reserves and three-fourths of its invested capital. On Young! Its gross national product was three times that of the help Soviet Union and 2.4.4 five times that of the United Kingdom. Its wealth had grown enormously during the war while the Soviet Union had been devastated by the occupation by Nazi Germany.

Around 27 million inhabitants of the essay U.S.S.R. died during World War II compared to about 400,000 Americans. The Germans ravished the agricultural economy of Soviet Russia and effects devastated its mining and help environment essay transportation infrastructure (7). Compared to the U.S. in 1945, the Soviet Union was weak. Yet it loomed very large not only in synthesise advanced guestbook 2.4.4, the imagination of U.S. officials, but also in the minds of political leaders throughout the world. It did not loom large because of fears of Soviet military aggression. Help Essay! Contemporary policymakers knew that Stalin did not want war. They did not expect Soviet troops to march across Europe.

Yet they feared that Stalin would capitalize on the manifold opportunities of the postwar world: the of television viewing vacuums of power stemming from the defeat of Germany and Japan; the breakup of colonial empires; popular yearnings for postwar social and economic reform; and widespread disillusionment with the functioning of democratic capitalist economies (8). During World War II, the American economy had demonstrated enormous vitality, but many contemporaries wondered whether the world capitalist system could be made to function effectively in peacetime. Essay! Its performance during their lifetimes had bred worldwide economic depression, social malaise, political instability, and outstanding teacher personal disillusionment. Throughout Europe and help environment essay Asia, people blamed capitalism for the repetitive cycles of boom and writing speech bust and for military conflagrations that brought ruin and despair. Describing conditions at the end of the war, the historian Igor Lukes has written: Many in Czechoslovakia had come to believe that capitalism. had become obsolete. Influential intellectuals saw the help environment essay world emerging from the ashes of the war in black and white terms: here was Auschwitz and there was Stalingrad. The former was a byproduct of a crisis in capitalist Europe of the 1930s; the latter stood for a remembrance the superiority of socialism (9). Transnational ideological conflict shaped the cold war.

Peoples everywhere yearned for a more secure and better life; they pondered alternative ways of organizing their political and economic affairs. Everywhere, communist parties sought to present themselves as leaders of the resistance against fascism, proponents of socioeconomic reform, and advocates of help national self-interest. Their political clout grew quickly as their membership soared, for example, in Greece, from 17,000 in writing speech, 1935 to 70,000 in 1945; in Czechoslovakia, from 28,000 in May 1945 to 750,000 in environment, September 1945; in Italy, from 5,000 in effects of television on young people, 1943 to 1,700,000 at the end of 1945 (10). Environment Essay! For Stalin and his comrades in teacher essay, Moscow, these grassroots developments provided unsurpassed opportunities; for help Truman and his advisers in Washington, they inspired fear and gloom. There is complete economic, social and political collapse going on outstanding, in Central Europe, the extent of which is unparalleled in history, wrote Assistant Secretary of help environment War John McCloy in April 1945 (11). The Soviet Union, of course, was not responsible for these conditions. Danger nonetheless inhered in the capacity of the thesis writing Kremlin to capitalize on them. The greatest danger to the security of the environment essay United States, the CIA concluded in one of its first reports, is the possibility of economic collapse in Western Europe and the consequent accession to power of Communist elements (12).

Transnational ideological conflict impelled U.S. Ethnography! officials to take action. They knew they had to restore hope that private markets could function effectively to serve the environment needs of humankind. People had suffered terribly, Assistant Secretary of State Dean G. Acheson told a congressional committee in 1945. Synthesise! They demanded land reform, nationalization, and help social welfare. Outstanding Teacher! They believed that governments should take action to alleviate their misery. They felt it so deeply, said Acheson, that they will demand that the essay whole business of state control and state interference shall be pushed further and 2.4.4 further (13). Policymakers like Acheson and McCloy, the officials who became known as the Wise Men of the cold war, understood the causes for the malfunctioning of the capitalist world economy in the interwar years. Help Environment Essay! They were intent on viewing people, correcting the fundamental weaknesses and vulnerabilities.

Long before they envisioned a cold war with the Soviet Union, they labored diligently during 1943 and 1944 to design the environment essay International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. They urged Congress to reduce U.S. tariffs. They wanted the American people to buy more foreign goods. They knew that foreign nations without sufficient dollars to purchase raw materials and fuel would not be able to recover easily. They realized that governments short of gold and short of dollars would seek to effects people, hoard their resources, establish quotas, and regulate the free flow of capital. And they knew that these actions in the years between World War I and World War II had brought about the Great Depression and created the conditions for help environment essay Nazism, fascism, and on young people totalitarianism to flourish (14). Now, as in the year 1920, President Truman declared in early March 1947, we have reached a turning point in history. National economies have been disrupted by the war. The future is uncertain everywhere. Economic policies are in a state of flux. Governments abroad, the help essay president explained, wanted to regulate trade, save dollars, and promote reconstruction.

This was understandable; it was also perilous. Freedom flourished where power was dispersed. Thesis! But regimentation, Truman warned, was on the march, everywhere. Essay! If not stopped abroad, it would force the U.S. to curtail freedom at home. In this atmosphere of doubt and hesitation, Truman declared, the decisive factor will be the type of leadership that the United States gives the world. If it did not act decisively, the world capitalist system would flounder, providing yet greater opportunities for Communism to grow and for Soviet strength to accrue. If the U.S. did not exert leadership, freedom would be compromised abroad and a garrison state might develop at home (15). Open markets and free peoples were inextricably interrelated. Laptop Essay! To win the transnational ideological conflict, U.S. officials had to make the world capitalist system function effectively.

By 1947, they realized the IMF and the World Bank were too new, too inexperienced, and too poorly funded to accomplish the intended results. The U.S. had to environment, assume the responsibility to provide dollars so that other nations had the means to purchase food and fuel and, eventually, to reduce quotas and curtail exchange restrictions. In June 1947, Secretary of writing university State George C. Marshall outlined a new approach, saying the help U.S. Writing Of Toronto! would provide the help environment funds necessary to promote the outstanding reconstruction of essay Europe. Laptop Essay! The intent of the Marshall Plan was to provide dollars to likeminded governments in Western Europe so they could continue to grow their economies, employ workers, insure political stability, undercut the appeal of communist parties, and essay avoid being sucked into an economic orbit dominated by the Soviet Union. U.S. officials wanted European governments to cooperate and pool their resources for the benefit of their collective well-being and for the establishment of a large, integrated market where goods and capital could move freely. 2.4.4! In order to do this, the help environment essay U.S. would incur the responsibility to make the capitalist system operate effectively, at least in those parts of the globe not dominated by the Soviet Union. The U.S. would become the hegemon, or overseer, of the global economy: it would make loans, provide credits, reduce tariffs, and insure currency stability (16). The success of the Marshall Plan depended on the resuscitation of the coal mines and industries of western Germany (17). Laptop Essay! Most Europeans feared Germany's revival. Nonetheless, U.S. officials hoped that Stalin would not interfere with efforts to merge the three western zones of Germany, institute currency reform, and create the Federal Republic of Germany. Marshall Plan aid, in fact, initially was offered to Soviet Russia and its allies in eastern Europe.

But Stalin would not tolerate the rebuilding of Germany and its prospective integration into a western bloc. Nor would he allow eastern European governments to help environment, be drawn into an evolving economic federation based on the free flow of information, capital, and trade. Soviet security would be endangered. Stalin's sphere of effects on young essay influence in eastern Europe would be eroded and his capacity to control the essay future of German power would be impaired. In late 1947, Stalin cracked down on eastern Europe, encouraged the communist coup in Czechoslovakia, and instigated a new round of purges (18). Germany's economic revival scared the French as much as it alarmed the Russians.

The French feared that Germany would regain power to effects of television essay, act autonomously. The French also were afraid that initiatives to revive Germany might provoke a Soviet attack and essay culminate in another occupation of France. French officials remonstrated against American plans and demanded military aid and security guarantees (19). The French and other wary Europeans had the capacity to shape their future. They exacted strategic commitments from the U.S. The North Atlantic Treaty was signed in a remembrance speech, 1949 as a result of their fears about help Germany as well as their anxieties about Soviet Russia. U.S. strategic commitments and U.S. troops were part of a double containment strategy, containing the uncertain trajectory of the Federal Republic of Germany as well as the anticipated hostility of the Soviet Union. Hegemonic responsibilities meant power balancing, strategic commitments, and military alliances (20).

Just as western Germany needed to be integrated into a western sphere lest it be sucked into a Soviet orbit, so did Japan. U.S. officials worried that their occupation of Japan might fail and that the Japanese might seek to enhance their own interests by writing a remembrance looking to the Soviets or the communist Chinese as future economic partners. In 1948, U.S. policymakers turned their attention from reforming Japanese social and environment essay political institutions to promoting economic reconstruction. Japan's past economic growth, they knew, depended on Ethnography, links to Manchuria, China, and Korea, areas increasingly slipping into communist hands. Help Environment! Japan needed alternative sources of raw materials and outlets for her manufactured goods. Studying the of toronto functioning of the global capitalist economy, America's cold warriors concluded that the industrial core of northeast Asia, Japan, needed to be integrated with its underdeveloped periphery in southeast Asia, much like Western Europe needed to have access to petroleum in the Middle East (21). It was the obligation of the hegemon of the world capitalist economy to make sure component units of the system could benefit from the operation of the whole.

But, as hegemon, the U.S. also had to environment essay, be sensitive to the worries and responsive to laptop essay, the needs of other countries. In Asia, as in Europe, many peoples feared the revival of the power of former Axis nations. Truman promised them that U.S. troops would remain in Japan, even as Japan regained its autonomy, and that the help essay U.S. would insure peace in the Pacific, even if it meant a new round of security guarantees, as it did with the Philippines and with Australia and writing New Zealand (22). Yet, much as American officials hoped to integrate Japan with Southeast Asia, revolutionary nationalist movements in the region made that prospect uncertain. During World War II, popular independence movements arose in French Indochina and the Netherlands East Indies. Nationalist leaders like Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam and Sukarno in Indonesia wanted to help environment, gain control over their countries' future (23). Decolonization was an embedded feature of the postwar international system, propelled by the defeat of Japan and the weakening of traditional European powers. Decolonization fueled the cold war as it provided opportunities for the expansion of writing a remembrance communist influence.

Third World nationalists wanted to develop, industrialize, and modernize their countries. They often found Marxist-Leninist ideology attractive as it blamed their countries' backwardness on capitalist exploitation. At the same time, the Soviet command economy seemed to help essay, provide a model for rapid modernization. Stalin's successors, therefore, saw endless opportunities for writing expanding their influence in the Third World; leaders in Washington perceived dangers (24). As hegemon of the free world economy, U.S. officials felt a responsibility to help essay, contain revolutionary nationalism and to integrate core and periphery. The Truman administration prodded the teacher essay Dutch and essay the French to writing university, make concessions to help environment, revolutionary nationalists, but often could not shape the outcomes of colonial struggles.

When the of toronto French, for help essay example, refused to acknowledge Ho Chi Minh's republic of Vietnam and established a puppet government under Bao Dai in 1949, the U.S. chose to support the French. A Remembrance! Otherwise, Truman and his advisers feared they would alienate their allies in France and permit a key area to gravitate into a communist orbit where it would be amenable to essay, Chinese or Soviet influence. Speech! Falling dominos in Southeast Asia would sever the essay future economic links between this region and Japan, making rehabilitation in the industrial core of northeast Asia all the more difficult (25). In the late 1950s and 1960s Japan's extraordinary economic recovery, sparked by the Korean War and fueled by subsequent exports to North America, defied American assumptions. Outstanding Teacher Essay! Yet, by then, American officials had locked the U.S. into a position opposing nationalist movements led by communists, like Ho Chi Minh. U.S. officials feared that if they allowed a communist triumph in Indochina, America's credibility with other allies and clients would be shattered. Hegemons needed to help essay, retain their credibility. Otherwise, key allies, like Western Germany and Japan, might doubt America's will and reorient themselves in Ethnography, the cold war (26). Hegemony and credibility required superior military capabilities. Leaders in Washington and Moscow alike believed that perceptions of their relative power position supported risk-taking on behalf of allies and clients in Asia and Africa.

In the help environment essay most important U.S. Ethnography! strategy document of the cold war, NSC 68, Paul Nitze wrote that military power was an indispensable backdrop to containment, which he called a policy of calculated and environment gradual coercion. To pursue containment in the Third World and erode support for the adversary, the U.S. needed to have superior military force (27). Prior to 1949, the U.S. had a monopoly of atomic weapons. But after the Soviets tested and developed nuclear weapons of their own, U.S. officials believed they needed to augment their arsenal of strategic weapons. Their aim was not only to deter Soviet aggression in the center of Europe, but also to support the ability of the U.S. to intervene in Third World countries without fear of Soviet countermoves. Nuclear weapons, therefore, produced paradoxical results.

Their enormous power kept the cold war from turning into a hot war between the U.S. and university the Soviet Union. Help Environment! Leaders on both sides recognized that such a war would be suicidal. But at laptop essay the same time nuclear weapons encouraged officials in environment, both Washington and Moscow to engage in risk-taking on the periphery, that is, in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and the Caribbean because each side thought (and hoped) that the adversary would not dare to escalate the competition into Ethnography a nuclear exchange (28). When Ronald Reagan revived the determination of the help environment U.S. to regain military superiority in the 1980s, he sought to use those military capabilities, not for speech a preemptive attack against help, the Soviet Union, but as a backdrop to support U.S. interventions on behalf of anti-communist insurgents from Nicaragua and El Salvador to Afghanistan and Angola. Effects Viewing On Young! In other words, Reagan viewed superior strategic capabilities as a key to containing communism, preserving credibility, and supporting hegemony (29).

For U.S. officials, waging the cold war required the help environment essay U.S. to win the transnational ideological struggle and to contain Soviet power. To achieve these goals, the U.S. had to of television, be an effective hegemon. This meant that the U.S. had to nurture and lubricate the world economy, build and coopt western Germany and Japan, establish military alliances and help essay preserve allied cohesion, contain revolutionary nationalism, and bind the industrial core of Europe and Asia with the underdeveloped periphery in the Third World. To be effective, Cold Warriors believed that superior military capabilities were an incalculable asset. They focused much less attention and writing university allocated infinitely fewer resources to disseminating their values and promoting their culture. Yet scholars of the cold war increasingly believe that America's success as a hegemon, its capacity to evoke support for its leadership, also depended on the habits and institutions of constitutional governance, the resonance of its liberal and humane values, and the appeal of its free market and mass consumption economy (30). For example, see Harry S Truman, Memoirs, Vol I: 1945, Year of Decisions, reprint (New York: Signet, 1965, 1955); Truman, Memoirs, Vol. II: Years of Trial and Hope, 1946-1952, reprint (New York: Signet, 1965, 1956); Dwight D. Eisenhower, Mandate for Change: The White House Years, 1953-1956 (Garden City, NJ: Doubleday, 1963); Dean G. Help Environment Essay! Acheson, Present at the Creation: My Years at the State Department (New York: Norton, 1969); George F. Kennan, Memoirs, 2 vol. paperback ed. (New York: Bantam, 1967-1972). See, for example, Joyce and Gabriel Kolko, The Limits of Power: The World and United States Foreign Policy, 1945-1954 (New York: Harper Row, 1972); for a discussion of the different historiographical approaches, see my essay, The Cold War Over the Cold War, in synthesise advanced, Gordon Martel, ed., American Foreign Policy Reconsidered, 1890-1993 (London: Routledge, 1994). John Lewis Gaddis, We Now Know: Rethinking Cold War History (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997). Environment! For some of the best new scholarship on Stalin, see Simon Sebag Montefiore, Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar, reprint (New York: Knopf, 2004, 2003); Norman M. Thesis Writing University Of Toronto! Naimark, The Russians in Germany: A History of the Soviet Zone of Occupation, 1945-1949 (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1995); Vojtech Mastny, The Cold War and Soviet Insecurity: The Stalin Years (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996); Eduard Maximilian Mark, Revolution by Degrees: Stalin's National Front Strategy for Europe, 1941-1947, Cold War International History Project Working Paper No.

31 (Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, 2001); Geoffrey Roberts, Stalin and the Grand Alliance: Public Discourse, Private Dialogues, and help essay the Direction of Soviet Foreign Policy, 1941-1947, Slovo 13 (2001): 1-15. Laptop Essay! Robert H. Ferrell, ed., Dear Bess: The Letters from Harry to Bess Truman, 1910-1959 (New York: Norton, 1983), 522; Harriman to Truman, June 8, 1945, Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States: The Conference of Berlin: The Potsdam Conference, 1945 (2 vols., Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1960), 1: 61. For soft power, see Joseph S. Nye, Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics (New York: Public Affairs, 2004); Nye, The Paradox of American Power: Why the essay World's Only Superpower Can't Go It Alone (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002). Laptop Essay! Paul M. Environment! Kennedy, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and outstanding teacher Military Conflict From 1500 to 2000 (New York: Random House, 1987), 347-72; R. J. Overy, Russia's War (London: Penguin Books, 1997); Allan M. Winkler, Home Front U.S.A.: America During World War II, 2nd ed. (Wheeling, IL: Harlan Davidson, 2000). Melvyn P. Help Essay! Leffler, A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration, and teacher the Cold War (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1992), 1-141. Igor Lukes, The Czech Road to help essay, Communism, in Norman M. Naimark and L. IA. Gibianskii, eds., The Establishment of Communist Regimes in Eastern Europe, 1944-1949 (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1997), 29; William I. Hitchcock, The Struggle for Europe: The Turbulent History of a Divided Continent, 1945 to a remembrance speech, the Present (New York: Anchor Books, 2004), 1-125. Adam Westoby, Communism Since World War II (New York: St. Help Environment Essay! Martin's Press, 1981), 14-5. Memo for the President, by Ethnography John McCloy, April 26, 1945, box 178, President's Secretary's File, Harry S Truman Presidential Library.

Central Intelligence Agency, Review of the World Situation As It Relates to the Security of the United States, September 26, 1947, box 203, ibid. Testimony by Dean G. Acheson, March 8, 1945, U.S. Senate, Committee on Banking and Currency, Bretton Woods Agreement Act, 79th Cong., 1 sess. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1945), 1: 35. U.S. Department of Commerce, The United States in the World Economy (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1943); Harley A. Notter, Postwar Foreign Policy Preparation, 1939-1945 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1950), 128; Georg Schild, Bretton Woods and help essay Dumbarton Oaks: American Economic and Political Postwar Planning in the Summer of Ethnography 1944 (New York: St. Help! Martin's, 1995). Harry S Truman, Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, 1947 (Washington, D.C.: U.S.G.P.O., 1963), 167-72; see also his Truman Doctrine speech which followed a few days later, 176-80, and his special message to the Congress on the Marshall Plan, 515-29.

Michael J. Hogan, The Marshall Plan: America, Britain, and the Reconstruction of Western Europe, 1947-1952 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987); David W. Essay! Ellwood, Rebuilding Europe: Western Europe, America and Postwar Reconstruction (New York: Longmans, 1992); Thomas W. Zeiler, Free Trade, Free World; The Advent of GATT (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999). John Gimbel, The Origins of the Marshall Plan (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1976); Carolyn Woods Eisenberg, Drawing the Line: The American Decision to Divide Germany, 1944-1949 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996). Geoffrey Roberts, Moscow and the Marshall Plan: Politics, Ideology and the Onset of the Cold War, 1947, Europe-Asia Studies 46 (December 1994): 1371-86; V. M. Help Environment Essay! Zubok and Konstantin Pleshakov, Inside the Kremlin's Cold War: From Stalin to Khrushchev (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996), 46-53. William I. Hitchcock, France Restored: Cold War Diplomacy and the Quest for essay Leadership in Europe, 1944-1954 (Chapel Hill: University of help environment North Carolina Press, 1998). Timothy P. Ireland, Creating the Entangling Alliance: The Origins of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1981). Michael Schaller, The American Occupation of Japan: The Origins of the writing speech Cold War in Asia (New York: Oxford University Press, 1985); Howard B. Help Environment! Schonberger, Aftermath of War: Americans and the Remaking of Japan, 1945-1952 (Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1989); John W. Dower, Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II (New York: W.W. Norton, 1999), 271-3, 525-46.

Leffler, Preponderance of Power, 346-7, 393-4, 428-32, 464-5; Roger Dingman, The Diplomacy of Dependency: The Philippines and teacher essay Peacemaking with Japan, Journal of essay Southeast Asian Studies 27 (September 1986): 307-21; Henry W. Brands, From ANZUS to SEATO: United States Strategic Policy toward Australia and New Zealand, 1952-1954 International History Review 9 (May 1987): 250-70. For the emerging nationalist struggles in Indochina and Indonesia, see William J. Duiker, Sacred War: Nationalism and Revolution in a Divided Vietnam (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1995); George McTurnan Kahin, Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1952). Odd Arne Westad, The New International History of the Cold War: Three (Possible) Paradigms, Diplomatic History 24 (Fall 2000): 551-65; David C. Synthesise Advanced Guestbook 2.4.4! Engerman, Nils Gilman, Mark H. Haefele, and Michael E. Latham, eds., Staging Growth: Modernization, Development, and the Global Cold War (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2003). Mark Atwood Lawrence, Transnational Coalition-Building and environment essay the Making of the Cold War in Indochina, 1947-1949, Diplomatic History 26 (Summer 2002): 453-80; Andrew Jon Rotter, The Path to Vietnam: Origins of the American Commitment to Southeast Asia (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1987). For the importance of credibility, see the pathbreaking article by Robert J. McMahon, Credibility and World Power, Diplomatic History 15 (Fall 1991): 455-71. NSC 68, United States Objectives and Programs for National Security, April 14, 1950, in Thomas H. Etzold and John Lewis Gaddis, eds., Containment: Documents on American Policy and Ethnography Strategy, 1945-1950 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1978), 401-2; NSC 114/2, Programs for National Security, October 12, 1951, Department of help environment essay State, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1951: National Security Affairs; Foreign Economic Policy (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1979), 1: 187-89.

For Soviet policy, see A. A. Essay! Fursenko and help essay Timothy J. Naftali, One Hell of a Gamble: Khrushchev, Castro, and Kennedy, 1958-1964 (New York: Norton, 1997); Aleksandr Fursenko and Timothy Naftali, Khrushchev's Cold War (New York: Norton, 2005). Peter Schweizer, Reagan's War: The Epic Story of his Forty Year Struggle and Final Triumph Over Communism (New York: Doubleday, 2002). G. John Ikenberry, After Victory: Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Rebuilding of Order After Major Wars (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001), 163-214; Robert O. Keohane, After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984), especially 135-81; Michael Mandelbaum, The Ideas that Conquered the World: Peace, Democracy and Free Markets in the Twenty-First Century (New York: Public Affairs Press, 2002); Geir Lundestad, Empire by Integration: The United States and European Integration, 1945-1997 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998); Gaddis, We Now Know. Most governments publish primary source documents regarding the writing a remembrance speech history of environment their foreign policy. Ethnography! These documents are published many decades after the fact, but we now have many documents for the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. Help Essay! For the evolution of the role of the U.S. in the cold war, see U.S. Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States (Washington: Government Printing Office); for Britain and the cold war, see Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Documents on British Policy Overseas. Since the end of the cold war, the Cold War International History Project has been publishing (and distributing free of charge) primary source documents from the Soviet Union and other formerly communist nations, including the People's Republic of laptop essay China.

They are indispensable for understanding the global context of the cold war. See the Cold War International History Project, Bulletin (Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson International Center, 1992-2004). Help Essay! The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) has published several volumes of teacher documents. Help! See, for example, Woodrow J. Kuhns, ed., Assessing the Soviet Threat: The Early Cold War Years (Springfield, VA: Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 1997); Scott A. Koch, ed., Selected Estimates on laptop essay, the Soviet Union, 1950-1959 (Washington, D.C.: History Staff, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 1993); Ben B. Environment! Fischer, At Cold War's End: U.S. Intelligence on the Soviet Union and synthesise advanced 2.4.4 Eastern Europe, 1989-1991 (Reston, VA: Central Intelligence Agency, 1999). There are several key Web sites for locating primary source materials on the cold war. The most important are the environment Cold War International History Project, the National Security Archive, the Ethnography Parallel History Project for information on help environment, NATO and the Warsaw Pact, and the Primary Source Microfilm. The Federation of American Scientists also has a Web site with valuable documents on many issues, like the nuclear arms race. Many U.S. government agencies also have Web sites containing documents on current and past foreign policy. The presidential libraries have sites containing selected documents, speeches, oral histories, and other information.

For short books locating the cold war in a global context, see Robert J. McMahon, The Cold War: A Very Short Introduction (New York: Oxford University Press, 2003); David S. Painter, The Cold War: An International History (New York: Routledge, 2002); Geoffrey Roberts, The Soviet Union in World Politics: Coexistence, Revolution and Cold War, 1945-1991; (New York: Routledge, 1999); Geir Lundestad, East, West, North, South: Major Developments in International Relations since 1945, 4th ed. Effects Of Television Essay! (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999). Many scholars are now using primary documents from the former Soviet Union and environment essay other communist countries to Ethnography, study the help cold war. A Remembrance Speech! In addition to the books and articles listed in help environment essay, note 3, see David Holloway, Stalin and laptop essay the Bomb: the environment Soviet Union and Atomic Energy, 1939-1956 (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1994); William Taubman, Khrushchev: The Man and His Era (New York: Norton, 2003); Hope M. Harrison, Driving the Soviets Up the Wall: Soviet-East German Relations, 1953-1961 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003). Some of the of television on young people most fascinating books deal with Chinese foreign policy and the relations between Mao Tse-tung and Stalin. See, for example, S. N. Goncharov, John Wilson Lewis, and Litai Xue, Uncertain Partners: Stalin, Mao, and the Korean War (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1993); Jian Chen, Mao's China and the Cold War (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001). For key books on the effort to reconstruct the world economy after World War II, see Richard N. Gardner, Sterling-Dollar Diplomacy in environment, Current Perspective: The Origins and the Prospects of Our International Economic Order (New York: Columbia University Press, 1980); Herman Van der Wee, Prosperity and Upheaval: The World Economy, 1945-1980 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986); Alfred E. Eckes and Thomas W. Zeiler, Globalization and the American Century (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003). For transnational ideological conflict and laptop essay the cold war, see Joyce and help environment essay Gabriel Kolko, The Limits of Power: The World and United States Foreign Policy, 1945-1954 (New York: Harper Row, 1972); Walt W. Rostow, The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto, 3rd. ed. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990); Francois Furet, The Passing of an thesis writing university Illusion: The Idea of Communism in environment essay, the Twentieth Century (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999); Odd Arne Westad, Cold War and Revolution: Soviet-American Rivalry and the Origins of the Chinese Civil War, 1944-1946 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993); Michael E. Latham, Modernization as Ideology: American Social Science and Nation-Building in the Kennedy Era (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000); David C. Teacher Essay! Engerman, Modernization from the environment Other Shore: American Intellectuals and the Romance of Russian Development (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003); John Lewis Gaddis, We Now Know: Rethinking Cold War History (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997).

There are some wonderful studies on synthesise advanced 2.4.4, decolonization, revolutionary nationalism, and help the cold war. See, for example, Robert J. University! McMahon, Colonialism and Cold War: The United States and the Struggle for environment essay Indonesian Independence, 1945-49 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1981); Frances Gouda and Thijs Brocades Zaalberg, American Visions of the Netherlands East Indies/Indonesia: US Foreign Policy and Indonesian Nationalism, 1920-1949 (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2002); Matthew James Connelly, A Diplomatic Revolution: Algeria's Fight for Independence and the Origins of the teacher Post-Cold War Era (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002); Piero Gleijeses, Conflicting Missions: Havana, Washington, and Africa, 1959-1976 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002). The Vietnam War is often examined in this context; see, for example, William J. Duiker, U.S. Containment Policy and the Conflict in Indochina (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1994); George C. Herring, America's Longest War: The United States and Vietnam, 1950-1975, 4th ed. (Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2002). For power and the cold war, see Mark Trachtenberg, A Constructed Peace: The Making of the European Settlement, 1945-1963 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1999); William Curti Wohlforth, The Elusive Balance: Power and help essay Perceptions During the Cold War (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1993); Melvyn P. Leffler, A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration, and Ethnography the Cold War (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1992).

Raymond L. Garthoff has written two lengthy and illuminating books that link power and ideology. Help Essay! See Garthoff, Detente and Confrontation: American-Soviet Relations From Nixon to Reagan (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1985) and laptop essay The Great Transition: American-Soviet Relations and the End of the Cold War (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1994). For discussions of the end of the environment essay cold war that focus on laptop essay, ideas and transnational movements, see Matthew Evangelista, Unarmed Forces: The Transnational Movement to End the Cold War (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999); Robert D. English, Russia and the Idea of the West: Gorbachev, Intellectuals, and the End of the Cold War (New York: Columbia University Press, 2000); Lawrence S. Wittner, Toward Nuclear Abolition: A History of the World Nuclear Disarmament Movement, 1971 to the Present (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2003). For discussions of hegemony and help soft power, see the citations in notes 5 and 29. Melvyn P. Leffler is the Edward Stettinius Professor of American History at synthesise advanced 2.4.4 The University of Virginia. Currently, he is a Jennings Randolph Fellow at the United States Institute of help environment essay Peace and Ethnography holds the environment essay Henry Kissinger Chair at the Library of Congress.

His book, A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration, and the Cold War (Stanford University Press, 1993), won the Bancroft, Ferrell, and Hoover prizes. He is now writing a book about why the Cold War lasted as long as it did and Ethnography why it ended when it did.

The BP Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico essay. This report discusses the issue of help environment, concern because an oil spill is considered to be a disaster for outstanding teacher both for help environment human beings and effects of television viewing, the environment. The BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico is no exception. Help Essay? The oil spill affected both human beings and the environment, polluting and damaging vast areas of the outstanding essay, adjacent territories and the large populations of wildlife. The BP oil spill caused a serious damage not only to the marine life, but also to the human factor, including wild inhabitants, fishing and tourism industry in the Gulf of Mexico (Tangley, 2010). Help Environment Essay? A large number of Ethnography, factors, including Petroleum toxicity, Corexit dispersant usage and oxygen depletion can be viewed as the major causes of the disaster which led to the negative impact on help, ecological system (Smithsona Venette, 2013). In this paper, the major risk management issues, which illustrate the case, are identified. Among these risk management issues are slow response to the crisis, as the oil spill took several weeks to stop. The results of risk management assessment demonstrate that loss prevention measures in the case of the BP oil spill in the Gulf of writing a remembrance, Mexico in 2010 were in place to prevent the oil spillage starting and help environment, the proper cost containment steps were taken to manage the cost of the required clean-up operations, recovery procedures to promote business continuation, many days had been lost.

Second, the BP oil spill in the Gulf of advanced guestbook, Mexico demonstrated poor governance of organization as the company lacked the effective crisis plan. Thus, the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico case can be used to teach people lesson how to effectively use risk management and crisis management practices in addressing unexpected disasters. To manage the crisis, a special plan should be developed and tested. Any company should six stages of crisis management to remain successful on the competitive market. The company’s leaders should demonstrate their remarkable leadership capabilities, serving their companies, employees and communities. The Gulf of help environment essay, Mexico is one of the most valuable territories because of the availability of the great variety of marine life, including fish, shrimp and other species. The coasts of the laptop essay, Gulf of Mexico are the best place for seabirds’ nests and turtles’ nesting. However, the most valuable treasure for economic development of the country is the richest reserve of oil and natural gas.

In general, there are more than 4,000 offshore rigs in the Gulf of help essay, Mexico designed for guestbook 2.4.4 drilling gas and oil (Chiang et al., 2010). According to researchers, “many people who live in the five U.S. states that border the Gulf of help environment essay, Mexico (Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida) depend on the Gulf for jobs and writing, survival”(Chiang et al., 2010, p. 5). Help Environment? One more important function of the Gulf of Mexico is the growing fishing industry that provides over 1.3 pounds of speech, fish and environment, shellfish each year. This information helps to better understand the negative consequences of the BP oil spill in the Gulf of teacher, Mexico that occurred on April 20, 2010. The negative effects from environment essay, oil spill have been widely discussed in scientific literature. These effects include species-specific effects, effects on the near shore environment, serious trophic effects through oil contamination of sediments, various site-specific effects, and the effects on drilling discharges (Lin Mendelssohn, 2012). Guestbook 2.4.4? Based on essay, recent research findings, “the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico that followed the explosion of the exploration platform Deepwater Horizon on 20 April 2010 was the largest accidental oil spill” in America that requires finding the proper solutions to develop effective risk management practices. Outstanding Teacher Essay? It is very important to find out “if an accident of this size could have been expected” (Acton, 2013, p. 501). The general aims of the analysis presented in this paper include:

providing an overview of the key facts surrounding the case identification of the major risk management issues identified in the case Comparing and contrast the way in which these three risk management issues were dealt with by the firm(s) involved with material presented in help environment essay, the course or other reference material dealing with the concepts or issues that the case illustrates Assessment of the effectiveness with which the crisis, created as a result of the failures in risk management evident in the case, were managed Identification of the lessons that can be learned from the case, providing conclusions and the nature of teacher essay, any control procedures and/or risk treatment systems that should have been implemented or where failures occurred. This report is help, significant for assessment of the key risk management issues that are associated with the oil spill in Ethnography, the Gulf of Mexico. The BP’s handling of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill that occurred in 2010 teaches people some important crisis management lessons. Actually, the work on oil platforms is automated, but human errors often occur on these structures (Smithsona Venette, 2013). According to researchers, these oil drilling rigs are considered to be the environment essay, largest movable human-made structures in laptop essay, the world, as such “they have become virtual cities afloat that will always have minor equipment failure and human error, not to mention working in hurricane-prone environments” (Ostrom Wilhelmsen, 2012, p. Help Essay? 23).

The Deepwater Horizon platform is no exception, as it has a long history of oil spillages and fires that occurred before the oil spillage of 2010. The Deepwater platform operates day and night; therefore, some problems with equipment may appear on a regular basis. This report is of television viewing, aimed at giving explanation of some important risk management practices that should be taken into consideration by other companies to avoid negative consequences, similar to the Deepwater Horizon platform’s disaster. Case Study Description of the key facts surrounding the case. The BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico is considered to be the essay, “largest accidental marine oil spill in the history of petroleum industry, being 8%-31% larger in volume that the writing a remembrance, previous largest oil spill, the Ixtos I oil spill” (Holland Schemwell, 2014, p. 23).

The BP oil disaster is often called the help environment, Deepwater Horizon oil spill. It occurred on 20 April 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico on the BP-operated Macondo Prospect. Ethnography? Actually, the BP oil spill can be viewed as the worst environmental disaster in America. The BP oil spill occurred near Mississippi River Delta, as a result of a deep-sea floor oil gusher, which was made by the massive explosion of the Deepwater Horizon platform, one of the most efficient and effective semi-submersible drilling rigs in the Gulf of Mexico. It has been found that oil slick coverage was approximately 2,500 square miles in the Gulf of Mexico region. It has been reported that there were huge underwater oil plumes invisible at the surface. As a result of the massive explosion, there were many victims of this disaster; including 11 workers killed during the explosion and 17 men seriously injured (Holland Schemwell, 2014).

On the essay, 15th of July, 2010, the gushing wellhead was capped, but the Deepwater Horizon platform released over 4.9 million barrels or 780,000 m3 of synthesise guestbook 2.4.4, crude oil into the Gulf of help essay, Mexico (Griggs, 2011). University? This fact means that as a result of the environment, explosion, over 53,000 barrels of oil were spilled each day of the accident (from July 10 till July 15) before the workers could cap the well. The experts state that for 87 days, the oil continued to flow to the waters of the Gulf of Mexico, causing serious damage to the environment and local economy. In other words, crude oil was flowing into the estuaries, marshes and of television viewing essay, beaches of three states affected by the spillage – Alabama, Louisiana and Mississippi (Griggs, 2011). The U.S. government declared that the help essay, BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico can be regarded as a national disaster. As a rule, an area contaminated by oil, is closely connected with the whole character of the affected environment. The free spilling of oil leads to a wide range of negative consequences, including “the spread by wind and wave” (Bai Bai, 2014, p. 363).

The oil spillage from the Deepwater Horizon platform floating on the surface could evaporate through air and teacher, sun, spreading over help environment essay the water surface. As a result, oil spillage affected the environment, including the wildlife. Identification of three major risk management issues illustrated by the case. The BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico that occurred in laptop essay, 2010 gives an opportunity to identify three major risk management issues, which can be assessed by experts as significant risk management lessons. One of the key risk management issues is that “the oil spill took some weeks to stop” (Hopkin, 2012, p. 175). Although the results of risk management assessment show that loss prevention measures in the case of the BP oil spill were in place to help, prevent the oil spillage starting and writing a remembrance, the proper cost containment steps were taken to manage the cost of the required clean-up operations, recovery procedures to promote business continuation, much time had been lost. According to Paul Hopkin (2012), “it is, perhaps, the help, case that the damage limitation measures were not as robust as may have been required”(p. 175). Besides, the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico has raised serious risk management issues regarding the governance of organization involved in the case. Risk management and governance in the BP organization are separate activities, which have their own committees and organize their own processes to achieve the established goals.

According to researchers, “the BP oil spill disaster has clearly shown that the board has to own both the general governance of the organization and its many and varied risk activities” (Wright et al., 2013, p. Outstanding Essay? 16). As a result, the disaster created an enormous financial crisis, leading to environment, poor reputation of the BP organization. According to Otto Lerbinger (2012), “its image as a leader in deep sea technology was shattered, as well as its professed dedication to corporate social responsibility and the environment”(p. 24). Now the organization needs to use the proper strategies aimed at restoring its reputation in order to successfully operate in the Gulf of outstanding, Mexico. Based on the US federal government report that was issued in 2011 after investigation of the key causes of the disaster, the following failures were identified: Poor risk management practices Last-minute changes in decision making (Anastas et al., 2010) Failure to adequately observe and effectively respond to critical indicators that were identified on the platform Inadequate and insufficient well control response “Insufficient emergency bridge response training by employees responsible” (Guinness Walpole, 2012, p. 227). Comparing and contrast the way in which these three risk management issues were dealt with by the firm(s) involved with material presented in the course or other reference material dealing with the concepts or issues that the case illustrates. In the case discussed in essay, this paper, the of television viewing people, BP failed to avoid certain management errors that led to massive damage to the environment and help environment essay, caused considerable harm to people. The explosion of the Deepwater Horizon platform rig can be viewed as an example of laptop essay, “a designation that is a prevailing contention of government and help, other reports on the disaster” (Lerbinger, 2012, p. 24).

The disaster in the Gulf of Mexico that occurred in 2010 was caused by writing university certain management failures both by the organization (the BP Company) and its contractors (Transocean and Halliburton). Risk management practices were influenced by the wrong decision making associated with some technological problems. According to help, the material presented in the course lectures, the risk management cycle involves several stages, which help an organization to manage risks: Identification, Quantification, Risk assessment, Risk treatment, Monitoring, Risk context. These stages are interrelated (Business Risk Management Week 2, 2014, p. 2). Based on the established components of risk management process, it is possible to avoid negative consequences of disasters in all spheres of human activity, including oil and outstanding teacher essay, gas industry.

In the Deepwater Horizon platform, many events led to environment, the disaster because inadequate risk management practices were ineffective in that situation. In the case of the thesis, Deepwater Horizon oil spill, “the behaviors and attitudes of leaders have been disappointing at best and irresponsible at worst” (Corkindale, 2010, p.1). Environment? In this crisis, some leadership skills have been misunderstood by the key players. The BP are responsible for the environmental disaster, but the BP CEO Tony Hayward demonstrated some failures in leadership practices, providing control over the “organizational culture that sanctioned extreme risk-taking, ignored expert advice, overlooked warnings about safety issues and hid facts” (Corkindale, 2010, p.1). The BP leaders failed to writing a remembrance speech, respond to the disaster with sufficient speed and attention. Help Essay? Actually, this failure was a result of the inconsistent organizational culture.

Assessment of the effectiveness with which the crisis, created as a result of the laptop essay, failures in risk management evident in the case, was managed. The effectiveness with which the crisis of the Deepwater Horizon platform, created as a result of the failures in risk management is evident in this case. There are six stages of crisis management, including “avoiding the essay, crisis, preparing to laptop essay, manage the crisis, recognizing the help, crisis, containing the crisis, resolving the crisis and profiting from the crisis” (Business Risk Management Week 3, 2014, p. Laptop Essay? 1). The Deepwater Horizon platform’s governance did not include all the above mentioned stages in help, its crisis management. In the Deepwater Horizon platform, there were serious problems with governance as the Company failed to laptop essay, examine all possible scenarios, assess all possible consequences and identify the cost of prevention of these negative consequences. The response to essay, the crisis was not planned in a proper way. This fact means the BP Company failed to laptop essay, use the appropriate strategies to avoid the crisis. Because of the explosion on help essay, the Deepwater Horizon offshore drilling platform, over 5 million barrels of oil were sent into the waters of the Gulf of Mexico.

This fact proves that the company failed to Ethnography, avoid the help environment, crisis. According to researchers, the BP oil spill in a remembrance speech, the Gulf of Mexico is an example of a “company without crisis planning” (Cox, 2012, p. 87). The BP disaster was an unexpected event, which required the implementation of the effective crisis planning. According to Charles E. Cox (2012), “BP’s advantage was that, even without a crisis plan, the company had billions of dollars in the bank and environment essay, enough cash reserves to manage its way through the crisis and take steps to rebuild its reputation” (p. 88). Undoubtedly, the impact of the BP disaster was enormous because of the lack of the crisis planning.

Nevertheless, the BP governance managed to take some reasonably decisive action, using the media and public relations to effects of television viewing essay, address the issue of concern and demonstrate the company’s response to the disaster. The team to respond to the crisis was formed, but there were some failures as well. Mishandled communication influences the company’s response and the company’s reputation. The BP hired 2500 people on order to organize and conduct cleaning efforts in the states: Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi and Florida (Anastas et al., 2010). As a result, the company was judged by the success the BP had in dealing with this disaster. The company employed many people to collect oil and protect the shore line from help essay, pollution. This strategy to address the crisis was effective only when sea was calm (Pennington-Gray et al., 2012). Thus, it is necessary to conclude that pollution from the activities of offshore companies leads to degradation of the marine environment.

In those regions where major disasters take place, pollution can lead to the most devastating consequences both on the environment and human beings. The Deepwater Horizon disaster is outstanding teacher essay, one of the examples that can be used to teach some lessons. The key lessons that can be learned from the case are connected with risk management practices. The Deepwater Platform was operating under the BP contract (British Petroleum, the well-known multinational corporation headquartered in the UK). Help? The discharge of oil had negative impact on the region, caused serious damage to fisheries and Ethnography, marine habitants, bringing to environment essay, light the thesis writing, risks of help environment essay, deep water oil and advanced, gas drilling.

The lessons that can be learned from the case give an opportunity to other companies to avoid negative consequences of the crisis and essay, develop, maintain and implement effective crisis management practices. Laptop Essay? One of the most important strategies to manage crisis is to implement a well-developed crisis plan, provide effective control procedures and risk treatment systems that must be developed and implemented in help essay, the areas, where failures occur frequently. In addition, the company’s leaders should demonstrate their remarkable leadership capabilities, serving their companies, employees and communities.