Dog photo essays

Five Steps to dog photo, Writing a Good For and Against Essay. An essay is a formal piece of writing which describes, analyses or discusses a particular issue. The most common types are: Opinion essays. They present the writer’s personal opinion of the topic, supported with examples and reasons. For and against essays.

They present both sides of an issue in a balanced way. In the concluding paragraph you can say why you find one side more convincing than the other. In this post, I#8217;ll guide you step by summary of an essay step to help you write a good for and against essay. Step 1. Tips and Guidelines +sample essay (pdf) Step 2. Presentation + sample essay (reinforcing) Step 3. Using connectors of contrast Step 4. Using connectors of purpose Step 5. Write: 53 topics to write about. (pdf) Step 1. Tips and guidelines+sample essay. 1. The first stage in writing is producing ideas. It’s important to dedicate two or three minutes to carefully planning what you are going to say. Dog Photo Essays. Make a list of the points for and against.

Remember that the key to writing a good balanced essay is to include as many arguments you disagree with as those you agree with. They should be noted impartially although in writing a lab person your conclusion you can say why you find one side more convincing than the other. 2. Producing and organising ideas is one thing. Shaping ideas and the organisation of your writing is another. But often the most difficult part is starting a first draft. Dog Photo. Once you have your first draft pay attention to how you have organised the information into paragraphs and grouped ideas. Once this is essay causes and effects pollution, done you can focus on expression. This means looking at sentence structure, tense usage and dog photo essays vocabulary. It’s important to write clearly and economically. This can mean either rephrasing ideas in two sentences instead of one, or rewriting two longer sentences as one shorter sentence.

So, go over your first draft, looking for ways of improving sentence structure, tense usage and vocabulary. 3. Organise your essay into three parts: Introduction- Paragraph 1- Introduce the topic. The opening should engage the reader’s interest and give a hint of what is to follow. Essay About And Effects Of Water. Main Body- Normally you have two paragraphs. Essays. In Paragraph 2, you state your arguments for and in Paragraph 3, your arguments against. Conclusion– In paragraph 4 you refer back to the topic and summarize. Summary Concerning Understanding. Here you can say why you find one side more convincing than the other.

4. It’s important that you begin each paragraph with a main idea and then develop this idea. For a new idea, begin a new paragraph. 5. This is academic writing, so don’t use informal style ( no contractions, colloquial words, or emotional language). 6. Remember to use a variety of structures and vocabulary adequate to your level. Dog Photo. Step 2. Presentation + sample essay (reinforcing ). Essay About And Effects. Step 3. Using connectors of contrast. Dog Photo. Using connectors is concerning understanding, important to express different relationships between ideas. Here, you#8217;ll learn how to use connectors of contrast. Read the flyer below to learn how to use: despite/in spite of, nevertheless, however, on the other hand, although, even though, though, yet, still, but and while/whereas. At the end of the dog photo, flyer there are some interactive exercises to test your knowledge. Step 3. Using connectors of purpose. Now we learn how to express purpose with the following words: to, in order to, so as to, for, so that and in case.

Test your knowledge. Step 5. Write: 53 topics to write about. Pdf here. Are you ready to summary concerning human understanding, write now? Here#8217;s a compilation of 53 for and against topics to write about from different sites and course books. Take your pick, follow all the tips and guidelines and good luck! Should schools start later in the morning?

Benefits of teaching children second languages early on. The pros and cons of dog photo, single gender classrooms. Is sex education the job of parents or of the school? The pros and cons of reduction of physical education hours in minority report our current school system. The pros and cons of security cameras in schools. Pros and cons of a 4-day school week. Should parents pay students for good grades? The pros and cons of bilingual or dual language education. The pros and cons of wearing a uniform.

The pros and dog photo essays cons of banning junk food in essay concerning schools. Should sexual education be taught in dog photo high schools? The education a child receives at home from having parents who are positive role models is more important than the renascence essays, academic education a child receives at dog photo essays, school. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Plastic surgery- vanity or need? Is vegetarianism a healthy diet? One of the largest parts of government expenditure is health. Some people argue that this money would be better spent on summary of an concerning, health education on the principle that prevention is better than cure. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Should parents be allowed to choose their child#8217;s gender?

Pros and cons of having exotic animals as home pets? Should advertising for plastic surgery be illegal? Should priests be celibate? What does everyone think about zoo animals? Is it a good or a bad thing? Does legal prostitution reduce crime? To what extent is the use of animals in dog photo scientific research acceptable? Discuss the pros and cons. Some people argue that the amount of violence shown in films and on television has led to person, an increase in violent crimes in society. Do you agree with this argument?

Should the government control what is shown on television and in the cinema? Should rich countries forgive all debts for poor countries? The pros and cons of dog photo, children under the age of 10 playing video games. About Causes And Effects Of Water Pollution. The pros and cons of film, television, and essays music piracy. Essay About And Effects Of Water. Should kids under the age of dog photo, 13 have a phone? Advantages and disadvantages of digital spying on kids and teens. The pros and cons of owning an electric car. Have we become too dependent on technology? Discuss the summary of an human, pros and cons. Should students be allowed to have cell phones in elementary and high schools? Should we ban the sale of violent video games?

Some people say that the Internet is making the world smaller by bringing people together. To what extent do you agree that the Internet is dog photo essays, making it easier for writing a lab person people to communicate with one another? Should pro wrestling be considered a sport? Should sport hunting be banned? Many people want their country to hold the Olympics. Others believe that international sporting events bring more problems than benefits. Discuss both views and state your opinion. In the future, we will have more and more leisure time as machines replace many of the tasks we do at dog photo essays, home and renascence in literature work.

Discuss the benefits this will bring and also the problem it will cause. It is essays, said that travel broadens the mind. What can we learn by travelling to other countries? Should we first explore our own countries? Discuss. In many countries tourism is a major part of the economy, but it also causes environmental damage and ruins the in third person, places it exploits. It is essays, argued that tourists should pay an additional tax to essays in literature, compensate for dog photo essays this damage. Do you agree? Should museums and minority book vs movie art galleries be free of charge for the general public, or should a charge, even a voluntary charge, be levied for admittance? Discuss this issue, and dog photo essays give your opinion. Unemployment is one of the most serious problems facing developed nations today.

What are the advantages and/or disadvantages of reducing the working week to human understanding, thirty five hours? Most high level jobs are done by men. Dog Photo Essays. Should the government encourage a certain percentage of these jobs to be reserved for women? Should retirement be compulsory at 65 years of age? Differences between countries become less evident each year. Nowadays, all over pollution, the world people share the same fashions, advertising, brands, eating habits and essays TV channels. What are the concerning human, advantages and disadvantages of this? Television has had a significant influence on the culture of many societies. Dog Photo. To what extent would you say that television has positively or negatively affected the cultural development of your society? Some people like living in a house, while others prefer an writing in third, apartment. Are there more advantages than disadvantages to living in a house rather than in an apartment?

FAMILY AND RELATIONSHIPS. The pros and cons of gay marriage. Some parents choose not to have a television at home because of the influence on their children. Is this a good or a bad thing? Some people believe in the traditional idea that the woman’s place is in the home, while others say that idea is outdated and dog photo essays that women should play an increasingly important role in the workplace of the future. What is your opinion? People are now living longer than ever before and many old people are unable to look after themselves. Some people believe that it is the responsibility of families to look after the elderly, while others say governments should provide retirement homes for them where they can be looked after properly. Discuss. Are women better parents than men?

If children behave badly, should their parents accept responsibility and of an essay human also be punished? 13 thoughts on “ Five Steps to essays, Writing a Good For and Against Essay ” The powerpoint like document is not working properly. Some words overlap others and it makes it difficult to read sometimes. Anyway, thanks for minority book vs movie sharing, it#8217;s very useful, Which powerpoint do you refer to? I#8217;ve tested everything visual on the post and it seems to be working fine. Thanks a lot for sharing us this material. I really appreciate it. You#8217;re welcome! I am glad you find it useful! Just to let you know that we’ve shortlisted this blog post for this month’s TeachingEnglish blog award and I’ll be putting up a post about it on tomorrow’s TeachingEnglish Facebook page http://www.facebook.com/TeachingEnglish.BritishCouncil, if you’d like to check there for likes and comments.

Thanks a lot, Ann! This is quite interesting topic and students can have variety of words to dog photo, write on. Writing an essay just needs clear instruction and valuable content. This is basic requirement of essay because without clear concept we can#8217;t write well. Book. Also i want to say that writing will describe your thinking as well so always try to remain positive and determined to your task. Your rules of dog photo essays, hypenation seem to not be for English words and spellings. Essay My Family In Spanish. I think that your current rules are perhaps for dog photo Spanish.

That makes this kind of essay about causes of water, hypenation: Since #8220;th#8221; is a digraph, you have to hyphenate: Where is #8220;although#8221; hyphenated exactly? I can#8217;t see it anywhere! This is all very useful. Thanks a lot.. Dog Photo Essays. Thanks for your comment!

Thanks very much for sharing your For and of an concerning understanding Against Presentation but it does not work quite well. Words overlap, some of them are not separated#8230; it is difficult to stop the dog photo, presentation.. Which presentation are you referring to? There are three. I#8217;ve just checked all of them and they seem to be working fine.

Is the Sudan conflict best understood in terms of race, religion, or regionalism? The extensive literature on the Sudan places great emphasis on the regional North-South divide, the racial divide between Arabs and Africans, and the many religious divisions created as a consequence of the confrontation between Islam, Christianity and ‘traditional religions’. This essay will take these three broad divisions as starting points to understand and situate the Sudan conflict within an dog photo essays, anthropological context of essay, identity formation in times of longstanding violence and confrontation. It will be proposed that both the enormous diversity within Sudan in combination with the lack of dog photo essays, a specifically and substantial “Sudanese” identity accounts for the prevalence of conflict. This absence of a widely accepted and essay in spanish, omnipresent state identity also offers explains how identity is formed in relation to hegemony: no matter what arguments are put forward to the contrary, the Sudanese state, or lack thereof, constitutes a hegemonic regime and such hegemony plays an essays, enormous role in identity formation, even in times of conflict and civil war when parts of the population actively defend their identities. The Sudanese civil war (or wars, depending on the particular stance adopted) is widely regarded as one of the essays, most complex instances of intra-state violence to date. Indeed, Yokwe goes so far as to assert that ‘[t]he Sudan case is rather unique and more intricate than the rest of the African countries in similar situations’[1] whilst others throw around the heavily-loaded term “genocide”[2], with the International Criminal Court officially charging Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir with three counts of genocide in Darfur on 12 th July of this year.[3] Nevertheless, while scholars remain divided in their exact opinions, sufficient consensus exists among them to suggest that the vast and numerous differences within its population are among the root causes of the conflict in the Sudan.[4] As one non-governmental organisation has concluded after extensive research and fieldwork, ‘divided by dog photo, geography, culture, race, ethnicity and religion, Sudan is the world’s foremost example of a seemingly intractable and summary concerning human understanding, endless civil war.’[5] Of these divisions, the exhaustive literature on the Sudan places particular emphasis on the regional North-South divide, the racial divide between Arabs and dog photo essays, Africans, and the many religious divisions created as a consequence of the confrontation between Islam, Christianity and what Falola[6] and Prah[7] term ‘traditional religions’.

It is these divisions that lay at the crux of the conflict. Certainly within these three categories there is an abundance of intricacies and complex inter-relations to be explored, yet to ensure a focussed and pervasive analysis this essay will take these three broad divisions as isolated starting points in report in third, order to understand and the Sudan conflict; the aim is to examine the impact such divisions has on the role on identity formation and dog photo essays, how the identities formed in such a fractured community ultimately lead to violence and conflict. This will, in turn, allow for of an human discussion and assessment of the essays, role played by hegemony and subordination in identity formation so that a holistic picture of the Sudan conflict begins to emerge. For the sake of report vs movie, simplicity it would be tempting to conclude that simply highlighting the above internal divisions provides a sufficient understanding for the instigation of violence in the Sudan, especially when contrasted to the view held by essays, many South Koreans that ‘[i]n many ways, […] homogeneity is about one of essays, Korea’s greatest strengths. Shared values create harmony […] It is the cornerstone that has helped Korea survive adversity.’[8] In light of a lack of prothesis financial, social, cultural, religious, and racial homogeneity, then, it should come as no surprise that the Sudan is embroiled in civil war and thus the beginnings of the conflict can be forgotten to focus on more important matters such as ending the essays, conflict. However, to merely outline the divisions without properly understanding them is ultimately useless and help, so it is the purpose of this essay to delve into essays, some of the internal divisions of the Sudan so that we may truly understand the conflict; only then will people be able to contemplate bringing the war to renascence on values in literature a suitable and complete end.

Furthermore, as alluded to above, the prevalence of dog photo, diversity alone fails to account entirely for the unique situation that has existed in the Sudan for so long; we need only look to such countries as the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Australia and Canada in which the rather broadly-termed “multiculturalism” and financial, more aptly-named “ethnic diversity” contribute to dog photo a degree of societal stability not seen in the Sudan, or Germany where regional diversity is ‘deeply ingrained’ as is ‘the line between the writing a lab person, Northern Protestant and Southern Catholic traditions’[9]. Here some commentators might contend that in order to attain cohesion and dog photo, stability a highly diverse country such as the Sudan requires a degree of economic development on book a par with Western nations, or even sufficient living space for the different societal groups to form their own satellite communities within geographically large states (since over half the population of Sudan lives in dog photo essays, just 15 percent of the land due to water shortages[10]). Such an about, argument, however, overlooks the existence of small, non-Western states such as the Philippines and Mauritius in which multiculturalism is dog photo essays celebrated and institutionalised. There is clearly to more to the Sudan conflict than a diverse, economically-deprived population forced into relatively close living conditions. What, then, has led scholars such as Gadir Ali to minority report conclude that ‘[t]he civil war in the Sudan was inevitable’[11] and Prah to dog photo essays ask ‘[w]hy has the Sudan conflict so far eluded substantial peace?’[12] Here it will be proposed that it is both the enormous diversity within the Sudan in combination with the lack of a specifically and substantial “Sudanese” identity which accounts for the intense prevalence of conflict; the absence of a single strand of state identity which runs through every individual and collective in the Sudan means that these different individuals and groups are able to view themselves as remote ‘little islands of summary of an understanding, sociality’[13] in a vast ocean brimming with alien cultures and dog photo, “others”. Of course, this metaphor is extremely exaggerated to clarify the point and in the Sudan several groups, particularly in the South, actually share a number of commonalities and relationships of varying closeness. However, the fact remains that the many differences and idiosyncrasies existing between the Sudan’s diverse population have been exacerbated to the point of intra-state conflict because there is report no single conception of state identity to establish even the dog photo essays, slightest semblance of unity and likeness among Sudan’s population; the different religious, racial and regional groups within the Sudan fear and renascence on values in literature, fight one another because there is no plane of existence on which everyone recognises everyone else as a member of the dog photo, same state and an equal. It might even be contested that the Sudan is hardly a state at all and is, in fact, a series of muddled groups thrown together in prothesis financial help, an attempt to mould the Afro-Arab region into the Western, state-centric conception of statehood. Not only does this absence of a widely accepted and omnipresent state identity explain the unyielding nature of civil war in the Sudan, but it also offers an account of how both individual and group identities are formed in relation to hegemony. Nagengast asserts that: ‘The ideal state is dog photo one in which the illusion of a single nation-state is created and maintained and in which resistance is managed so that profound social upheaval, separatist activity, revolution, and coups d’etat are unthinkable for most people most of the time.’[14]

Following this conception of the state, then, it becomes apparent that the Sudan is far from realisation of becoming ‘the ideal state’ given the predominance of anti-state movements and militias within its borders and the distinct nonexistence of a unitary illusion of the Sudanese people. Indeed, often when discussing Sudanese affairs and the conflict waged there, an overwhelming number of commentators write about “the Sudan”, the region, rather than “Sudan” the state. Although one should be wary of his personal motives in saying so since he is advocating the secession of southern Sudan from the North, one prominent South Sudanese politician has gone so far as to suggest that: ‘There is nothing in common between the various sections of the community; no body of financial, shared beliefs, no identity of interests, no local signs of unity and above all, the dog photo, Sudan has failed to compose a single community.’[15] Rolandsen rather more objectively claims that there ‘is little binding the country together but the shared history of colonial rule.’[16] However, even though one might argue that the Sudan does not function as a state and does not enjoy the allegiance of the vast majority of people resident within its territorial borders, that is not to say that the continuing presence of some semblance of a central authority (what one might call “the Sudanese state”) has not played a role in forming the minority report, identities of its would-be people; as Gerd Baumann notes, neither the attempts to establish a Sudanese state nor the identities of the individuals and groups who live in the Sudan are formed in a vacuum with a complete lack of awareness of, or relations with, the other – ‘there must always be room for “alterity” – for essays some sort of relation to the Other – in order to keep the specificity of a group’s own identity alive.’[17] In other words, the central Sudanese authority justifies its identity and a lab report in third, existence in reference to the people within its borders, just as the many different groups within the Sudanese border shape and define their identities in reference to the central authority. Therefore, it is dog photo axiomatic that the central Sudanese authority, no matter how unpopular or unrepresentative, should influence identity formation. Taking initiative from the ideas expressed in the works of both Filip De Boeck and Sherry Ortner, particular emphasis will be played to two complementary trends: firstly, how, no matter what arguments are put forward to the contrary, the Sudanese state, or lack thereof, constitutes a hegemonic regime and, secondly, how such hegemony plays an enormous role in minority report, identity formation even in times of conflict and civil war when parts of the population are actively and hostilely resisting any such imposition upon dog photo, their identities by the offending hegemony. ‘The dominant feature of our nation is an Islamic one and its overpowering expression is Arab, and this nation will have entity identified and its prestige and pride preserved under an Islamic revival.’[18] In view of such vehement declarations by members of the Sudan’s political elite, it is summary of an essay concerning human understanding hardly difficult to essays understand why journalists have noted that ‘[i]t’s hard to essay understanding discuss Sudan’s civil war without accounting for the role that Islam played in dog photo essays, the conflict.’[19] It seems that the Muslims are determined to rule the renascence essays, region an entirely Islamic one. Dog Photo? Indeed, it is difficult to locate an academic work on the Sudanese conflict which does not lend credence to the argument that a religious schism is, partially or wholly, responsible for the intra-state violence.[20] However, along what lines that schism is drawn is often contested; some point to a “clash of essay about and effects of water, civilizations” between Islam in the North and Christianity in the South, whereas others broaden their analysis to include ‘traditional’ or indigenous religions (sometimes incorrectly grouped together as ‘pagan’ or ‘animist’[21]) situated in southern Sudan as well. Nevertheless, wherever the line is drawn, the division among the different religions present within the Sudan is an apparently irreconcilable one and essays, one which demonstrates the intense threat posed to the Sudan’s minority identities.

In fact, both the past and present situations in the Sudan serve as terrible examples of the extremes to which religious segregation and tension can escalate within a state. Geschiere writes that religion ‘plays a front-stage role’ in the ‘quest for belonging’[22] and it can be concluded that this is because religion allows an individual to locate themselves within a collection of beliefs, rituals, customs, dialogues and even hierarchy and this placing of one’s self within an established order begins to mould and shape one’s identity. Moreover, locating one’s self within a religion enables individuals to writing identify themselves with likeminded others and this association with those with whom an individual shares beliefs, in turn roots one’s identity in a partially-homogenous group and dog photo essays, helps affirm an individual’s sense of the self. It is a mutually-reinforcing process out of which strong, collective identities emerge. In the Sudan in particular, religion has proved particularly significant in financial, identity formation, as ‘Abd Al-Rahim notes: ‘Until at least the beginning of this century, the “Sudanese” identified themselves as members of different tribes and sub-tribes, adherents to various Tariqas or religious fraternities, belong to this or that religion of the country, and (especially the Northern Sudanese, when thinking of wider affiliation) as Muslin and/or Arab people. But they never thought of themselves as “Sudanese”, unless they happened to dog photo essays belong to financial help what were regarded as the less sophisticated, non-Islamized and non-Arabized section of the population.’[23] Therefore, as noted in essays, the introduction, with the absence of essay understanding, a profound and overarching “Sudanese” identity crystallising the identities of the Sudan’s population around religion, a clearer picture begins to emerge of how threats to the religious status quo , and the existence of essays, a significant number of others who are just as attached to their different religious beliefs as an individual is to their own, can lead to friction, division, and even outright opposition; as history has taught us, knowledge of other sections of the essay about in spanish, population who worship in a manner very different from yourself and knowledge of those who claim the existence of an almighty entity or entities different to the one with whom you identify can breed caution, suspicion, fear and intolerance.

This is especially true of the Sudan where the two predominant religions, Islam and Christianity, have been involved in zealous crusades to convert non-believers and infidels in the past; within both religions there exists, to dog photo essays a debatable extent, what Lynch calls ‘the exclusivist position’ which ‘argues in favor [ sic ] of the superiority of one’s own system of belief as well as the financial, right to propagate it as widely as possible’[24]. The effects of having two exclusivist religions vying for influence and supremacy in dog photo essays, an area have been closely examined by Falola, who concludes that: ‘In countries where Islam and Christianity compete, as in the case of the Sudan and Nigeria, the minority report vs movie, problems of stability and identity have been compounded by rivalries for religious ascendancy, resulting in the desire for religious control or even the turning of the state into a theocracy and imposing a religious ideology […] In cases where indigenous religions are closely bound up with communal lives, the opposition by Islam and Christianity has also meant an attack on local custom and culture.’[25] What Falola makes clear, then, is that as Muslims and dog photo, Christians battle for the reins of power in about causes pollution, the Sudan, they tyrannise and attack one another and the intensity of this constant battle makes Muslims and Christians more determined to not back down and so more attached to their respective religious identities. Here it is extremely important to highlight that the religious competition in the Sudan is far from evenly mathced; not only are indigenous religions caught in essays, the clash between Islam and Christianity, but they are notably less aggressive in their in seeking to convert others.[26] Furthermore, it is estimated that around 70 per cent of the population is Muslim, with most living in about my family, the northern two-thirds of the Sudan, with Christians and those who practice traditional religions accounting for the remaining 30 per cent.[27] With Islam possessing the aforementioned ‘exclusivist’ characteristics, as well as constituting an enormous majority in the Sudan, it is little wonder that non-Muslims feel under threat. They are right to dog photo essays do so. ‘Dr. Hassan Turabi […], leader of the present National Islamic Front (NIF), argued that the south had no culture and so this vacuum would necessarily be filled by Arab culture under an Islamic revival’[28] and it was this coercive, so-called Islamic revival that led to the introduction of a great quantity of quasi-colonial, repressive policies being imposed in the South under General Abbud’s programme of essay about of water pollution, Islamification between 1958 and 1964.[29] These policies included: flooding schools with Arab history, story and religious books; forcing teachers and dog photo, pupils to essay causes and effects wear the jaballia whilst in school; compelling government workers to become Muslim; building mosques in dog photo essays, southern, predominantly non-Muslim towns and on values, villages; making Friday the new day of rest, thus forcing the Christian minority to dog photo attend work on Sundays, their own day of worship. In addition to this, the essay, imposition of Sharia Law across the South created a clear hierarchy, with Muslims at the top, followed by Christians, with the essays, remaining “infidels” at the very bottom. This unique situation has shaped identity in a number of ways, ways which help to understand the Sudan conflict in essay causes pollution, both complementary and conflicting ways: complementary in that all religious identities have been strengthened in one way or another and contradictory because this was not the desired outcome.

Firstly, adopting a primordialist stance, focusing on what primordialists call the inherent and essays, natural tendency of humans to identify themselves with a group whose members share obvious similarities[30], Hasenclever and Rittberger point to a possibility of two ultimate outcomes for identity formation in multireligious societies such as Sudan: ‘In the of an essay human, end, either these societies will fall apart or one community will gain dominance and suppress the others.’[31] For the dog photo, Sudan this means either returning to the pre-colonial, peaceful co-existence described by ‘Abd Al-Rahim above (brought about by what would undoubtedly be a colossal collapse of the Islamic government after a lengthy and cataclysmic war between the Muslims in minority book, the North and the non-Muslims on the South) or the Islamic government would gain unquestionable control over the region and establish an absolute theocracy. However, no matter how convincing these possible outcomes appear in theory, in practice the identity crisis brought about by religious divisions within the Sudan has had contradictory effects. For instance, Lam Akol, a former high-ranking official in the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) which opposes the dog photo, Sudanese government and fights for an independent South Sudan, has pointed out that: ‘The rationale for revolution, as presented in the [July 1983 SPLA/Sudan People’s Liberation Movement] Manifesto, focused on the specific grievances of the South, but the financial help, language of essays, underdevelopment, nationality and religion were deliberately broadened in an attempt to prothesis financial help appeal to dog photo essays other regions and sectors of Sudanese society who would have been hostile to a Southern independence movement, but who had their own grievance against essays on values in literature Nimairi and the central government.’[32] It appears, therefore, that religious identity was something of an afterthought or a scapegoat when amassing members of the Sudan’s population to dog photo essays rise up against the state; at the forefront of the minds of those leading the revolution were the ‘specific grievances of the South’ and it was these which had proved potent enough to draw together a group of individuals who felt that their interests and way of life as Southerners, and not specifically Christians or practisers of indigenous religions, were sufficiently threatened. Summary Essay Concerning Human Understanding? Consequently, then, it seems that religious identity is something of a secondary concern in the Sudan conflict whilst the broader regional identity has been propelled to essays the fore of the civil war. People are more compelled to fight for regional autonomy rather than religious freedom. That is not to say that the dominance of Islam in the Sudan has not played a considerable part in shifting the about my family in spanish, religious identities of the Sudanese population since it has, in fact, had a dual effect.

First of all, whilst the Sudanese government’s attempts at imposing Islam on dog photo essays those in the largely non-Muslim South have not been the summary concerning understanding, driving factor behind the formation of the major resistance factions in dog photo, the region, they have led to those practising indigenous religions to coalesce around the larger and more internationally supported Christianity. Lam Akol again notes that: ‘the current drive to Islamize the South has produced more Christian converts in the last decade than the entire colonial missionary enterprise did during the first half of the twentieth century.’[33] We can infer from of an essay human understanding, this that the dog photo essays, members of the smaller indigenous tribes of the southern Sudan have felt their position increasingly endangered by the central government’s process of Islamification and so, either sensing safety in essay, numbers or simply following what has become an increasing trend, these indigenous religions have slowly flocked to Christianity. To what extent this conversion from indigenous religions to Christianity reflects a true and dog photo essays, lasting alteration of religious identity in prothesis financial help, the Sudan is impossible to dog photo assess; it may well be that these practisers of indigenous religions have publicly embraced Christianity to benefit from the protection it brings as a well-funded, well-publicised world religion and so attracting both financing and attention to their cause as resistors against an oppressive government regime, whilst privately they continue to worship in the traditional way. After all, as J.C. Report Book? Scott writes in his work ‘Domination, Acting, and Fantasy’: ‘the greater the essays, disparity in power between dominant and subordinate and the more arbitrarily it is exercised, the essay human, more the essays, public transcript of subordinates will take on a stereotyped, ritualistic cast.’[34] In other words, the more forcefully and insistently the Sudanese government presses for those in minority book vs movie, the South to convert to Islam, the more we can expect those southerners to react in a somewhat stereotypical way: not, in this case, by pretending to be Muslim as we might expect since this is apparently acquiescing to governmental pressure too much, but by donning a Christian mask to dog photo essays make it known to the government that they resist the process of about causes and effects pollution, Islamification as a strong and united group. The term ‘mask’ is essays used here of course because in the comfort and privacy of their own homes these converts may continue to practise their previous religion, an idea Akol appears to support when he concedes that despite the high number of Christian converts in minority vs movie, the South, ‘the indigenous religions of the southern Sudan continue to dog photo essays inform ideas about ethical behaviour, the minority report book, moral community and political action.’[35] In the North of the Sudan where Islam is much more prevalent, the government’s policy of religious oppression in the South has had the opposite effect and has seen a rise of religious zealotry as certain sections of the dog photo, population turn to Islamic fanaticism: ‘To deal with shortcomings in summary of an essay human understanding, morale and appease disgruntled parents in the north who are weary of dog photo, having their sons come home wounded or dead, Khartoum has raised a parallel army: the Popular Defense Force (PDF).

This militia is composed of young Muslim volunteers persuaded that they are fighting a jihad against southern infidels. The mujahideen in the PDF see war as a spiritual duty and death as a means of in spanish, martyrdom and instant admission to heaven.’[36] For those individuals who subscribe to the ‘exclusivist’ view of Islam and religion in general, the continuing existence of ‘rival’ religions in the South can simply not be tolerated and so for these individuals the government’s attempts at Islamification is a vehicle for translating these sentiments and feelings into action. Their religious identity has been honed, sharpened and brought to the fore of the conflict between North and South and so, from a Northern perspective, it is possible to essays claim that the Sudan civil war is best understood in terms of religion and religious conquest; unlike the SPLA which has merely used religious allegiance to book vs movie entice additional southerners to join the regional North-South battle, for a significant number in the North the dog photo, conflict has become all about report book vs movie protecting and projecting their religious identity with the regional element becoming less significant. In light of all of these different ways in which the Sudan conflict has shaped religious identity and vice versa, one constant remains: that religious identity in the Sudan, for members of essays, all religions, is a constant struggle against hegemony. This is true even in the case of those belonging to on values in literature Islam because, for some Muslims, it is dog photo a relentless battle to assert oneself as the essays, dominant religion. Mutua, on the other hand, is insistent that ‘[r]ace – not religion – is the fundamental fault line in Sudan’[37] and there is dog photo ample evidence to support her view. Indeed, the primordialist interpretation of the minority vs movie, Sudan conflict is dog photo essays not exclusive to analysing the role played by religious affiliation, but can also be applied to explain how racial identity is drawn into the civil war. Lind, for my family example, invokes ancient and immutable hostilities in the Sudan, claiming that conflict arises from people fighting for ‘their primary loyalty’ to tribe and race, as they have done since ‘history’s dawn’.[38] The attraction of such an interpretation is that one’s racial identity is often obvious to the outside world as physical appearance differs substantially from one race to essays the next; Badal explains in his article on separatism that in the case of the Sudan the my family, racial divide lies between ‘the peoples of the southern Sudan [who] are African and negroid’ and the peoples of the northern Sudan who are ‘not Arabs proper, but peoples of both Arab and African descent assimilated into Islamic and Arabic culture.’[39] Yokwe has traced this racial divide throughout the Sudan’s history and summarised it thusly: ‘Ever since the historical contact between North and South, slavery and slave trade have been practised on racial lines, always the Arab North raiding the African South and not vice versa. Such a practice has heightened the racial tension.

Racism in the Sudan is also manifested in dog photo essays, social interaction particularly in the institutions of marriage and work. In the Sudan the Arabs marry the Southern girls regardless of race and religion. But the Arabs will not allow their daughters to about my family be married to dog photo the Southerners regardless of a lab report in third, race and religion. Dog Photo? In fact, in the 1960s there were cases where Arab parents slaughtered their daughters and report vs movie, dumped them in the river because they were found pregnant by Southern young men.’[40] What we see here is vastly similar to the religious schism between Islam and Christianity – one group seeking to conquer or exploit the other. Except in dog photo, this case, rather than Muslims battling for supremacy over Christians, Arabs are struggling to exert their dominance over Africans. Just as Christians (and practisers of indigenous religions) feel their religious identity is under threat, then, so do Africans in the Sudan feel that their racial identity is threatened. This ultimately means that racial identity in the Sudan has been shaped in much the same way as religious identity has: in the North the Arabs have strengthened their Arabic identity through a sense of superiority over the Africans in the South, and in the South the Africans have developed their strong bonds of racial identity through sheer determination not to be conquered and not to be exploited by the Arabs. Financial Help? Once again we see that identity formation in the Sudan civil war is two sides of the same coin, or even a double-edged sword; strong racial identity has led to cause for conflict and conflict has led to a strengthening of racial identity.

In the context of the Sudan civil war, since one side contends that they are somehow so fundamentally different to the other that they should not be ruled under the same central authority, it seems appropriate to analyse the ethnic dimension as well as the race, especially because ethnicity is another way in which the Sudan is essays highly divided. Summary Of An Essay Concerning Human Understanding? In fact, the dog photo essays, highest number of divisions exists along lines of ethnicity in the Sudan, as one trio of dedicated scholars have discovered: ‘Excluding foreigners, an minority book vs movie, ethnic polarization index of 0.625 is calculated for the country. If a polarization index in excess of 0.5 is considered high, then clearly the Sudan is an ethnically polarized country.’[41] There is such a high degree of ethnic polarization in the Sudan because of the dog photo essays, existence of a great number of essay, ethnic tribes. In his work, Lam Akol explains the dog photo essays, importance of tribal affiliations and their continued relevance throughout the renascence on values, course of Sudan’s history: ‘The word “tribe” has been discarded in much anthropology, except where it translates a local word, and is resented in much of Africa as a pejorative term. Its retention [here] is justified because of its specific political meaning in the ethnography of the dog photo essays, Sudan, and because most Sudanese, both Southern and report book, Northern, recognise the dog photo, existence of tribes and essays on values in literature, willingly assert their membership of them. The Arabic word for tribe, gablia , is commonly used throughout the Sudan.’[42] The many different tribes and the many different forms of relations and interactions between them will not be explored in great depth here, firstly because the focus of this essay is specifically the role played by tribal identity in the Sudan conflict, and secondly because there are many anthropologists who have done a far better job in observing and understanding the Sudan’s tribes than I could ever hope to achieve. What is dog photo important to note here, however, is that: ‘Tribal societies lack the kinds of centralized authority characteristic of states. Their regulative institutions, their mechanisms of social control, are therefore inherently weak and operate only over a limited range of social relationships. Peace and security can be assured at all only within relatively small social groups, typically groups of kin.

The relationships between these little islands of about pollution, sociality are fragile and always potentially hostile.’[43] The smallness and closeness of dog photo essays, tribes naturally means that interactions between their members are frequent and intense, with each and every tribal member fully aware of the group dynamics at play. This high level of social interaction among their members means that tribes play an enormous role in prothesis financial help, forming and consolidating an individual’s identity in the Sudan. An individual’s tribe is an intimate network of support, protection, provision and labour and it is through the various roles available within a tribe that an individual can shape their identity; a woman might be a mother, a wife, a sister, the cook, the cleaner, the gardener and a whole host of other roles whereas a man could be a hunter, a warrior, a father, a husband, and a leader. The exact distribution of these roles will of course differ from tribe to dog photo tribe and varying degrees of overlap may exist, but the fact remains that people’s roles within their tribe will greatly affect their experience of day-to-day life and their identity will form around that central pillar of renascence, being. Aside from the international relations within tribes, the external relations between tribes play a large role in shaping the identities of dog photo, Sudan’s population and there are almost as many forms of inter-tribe relations as there are tribes; some tribes, the Pari for instance, have been notably isolationist throughout their history[44], whilst others enjoy peaceful relations with a number of other tribes and prothesis financial help, rely on these for dog photo essays their livelihoods and trade. Still others, such as the pollution, Nuer and the Dinka, relate to one another through raiding, kidnap and states of war, but it is important to dog photo note that ‘the feuding [does] not dominate relations.’[45] Negotiated access for Baggara cattle to Dinka and Nuer watering spots was more common than raids before the war.’[46] Through tribal identity, then, the Sudan’s population is interconnected and shares a fundamental level of understanding which is certainly not attained through religious of national identity. It would be easy to mistake this as a reason why the a lab in third person, people of the Sudan might be reluctant to enter into a civil war when they have enjoyed a relatively peaceful and well-established dynamic based upon the acceptance of the above relations through tribal interactions, but this overlooks the enmity, explored below, that exists between the Arab tribes of the North and the African tribes of the dog photo essays, South; although the status quo has been historically stable between tribes within the Northern regions and between those in the South, examples of of an essay understanding, amicable and nonviolent relations between northern and southern tribes are few and far between.

If anything, tribal affiliation has been a relatively inconspicuous factor in essays, initiating the Sudanese conflict, except for exacerbating existing North-South tensions, and prothesis financial help, instead is more helpful in understanding why the dog photo, conflict has endured for so long because, as one commentator suggests, ‘[t]he protracted civil war has altered the nature of traditional conflicts in Southern Sudan […] Conflicts have become more complex’ and ‘new conflicts have emerged’[47]. So, for instance, the traditionally reclusive Pari who were once wary of the Dinka-dominated SPLA/M saw large numbers of their men join the SPLA’s ranks when the militia stopped in their villages[48] whilst Nuer-Dinka relations became so explosive between 1991 and 1994 that it caused a split within the Southern separatist movement, with the Dinka remaining in the SPLA/M and the Nuer forming their own South Sudan Independence Movement/Army (SSIM/A)[49] – the renascence on values, spit was so cataclysmic, in fact, that the SSIM/A fought with the dog photo, northern government against their southern brethren, something which would have been unthinkable if not for the waging of human, civil war in the region. In addition to this, tribal relations have become increasingly more violent as a result of the dog photo essays, Sudanese civil war, with one Sudanese local saying that ‘previously we only heard about cattle raids but not killing of women and essay and effects of water pollution, children like has happened of late.’[50] Filip De Boeck asks: ‘How does (ethnic) self-representation operate as a psychological and cultural strategy for coping with the chaotic and dog photo, despotic socio-politics and economics in a peripheral “frontier” situation?’[51] The answer in the case of the Sudan can, it seems, be located within Geschiere’s The Perils of Belonging in which he notes that ‘identities can shift from book, inclusive to exclusive tendencies’[52]; within the context of civil war, the ethnic and particularly the tribal identities of the Sudan’s populations have intensified to the extent that they have become increasingly intolerant of outsiders and ‘others’. Dog Photo Essays? Actual violence and animosity has replaced almost ritualistic practices of essays in literature, raiding cattle pillaging wives between competing tribes and traditionally isolationist tribes have been drawn into conflict through increasing interaction with outsiders and independence movements. However, at the root of this intensification of identity is the dog photo, exacerbation of the regional conflict in the Sudan – the ethnic hostility and fluctuations in essay understanding, tribal relations are manifestations of dog photo, a much more fundamental identity conflict in in literature, the region. Whilst not explicitly stating so, Buzan and Weaver’s concise and simple summary of the Sudan conflict effectively demonstrates that both the racial and religious tensions are framed almost perfectly by a regional confrontation; the Sudan civil war, they note, pitches ‘a mostly Arab, Islamic north against a mostly black, non-Islamic south’[53]. Whilst their short analysis of the conflict is somewhat over-simplistic, it does succeed in essays, getting to the heart of the matter and it will be argued here that they are right in suggesting that a regionalist account offers the best, most holistic means of renascence on values in literature, understanding the Sudanese civil war because not only does it incorporate the issues of dog photo essays, religion and race already discussed above, but it also brings new elements for analysis. As commentators have noted, the history of Sudan ‘is full of a lab, tales of invasions, enslavement and exploitation of the South by the North’[54] and issues of Northern and essays, Southern nationality and national identity ‘occupy a central position in the conflict’[55] and so it is this historical and all-pervasive aspects of the regionalist factor which accounts for book vs movie its enormous significance in understanding the Sudanese conflict. The historical basis of the severe regional tensions in dog photo essays, the Sudan is an of an concerning human, unfortunate postcolonial legacy left over from the momentous occasion when power was finally stripped from the Sudan’s colonial masters and granted to the newly autonomous region. Already before this process had even begun, there existed an intense suspicion of government and central authority throughout all of Africa, as Falola has discussed in-depth in essays, her book on African culture: ‘The dominant political value revolved around exploitation: the primary motive of the colonial power was to cheat and exploit Africans; and the primary duty of Africans was to resist.

Government was perceived as the enemy of the people, a view that remains current today.’[56] In this context of essay, suspicion, oppression and subordination, then, it was negotiated that the colonial structures erected and maintained by Britain would be transferred intact to dog photo essays the northern Sudanese nationalists,[57] therefore the perception of government as ‘the enemy of the report person, people’ was eliminated in the North since they inherited the hegemonic legacy whereas those living in the South remained subjugated and powerless. Moreover, since the colonial regime had sought to ‘preserve’ the ‘innate’ qualities of native cultures, it had sharpened and essentialised interethnic racial divisions[58] which had only served to exacerbate regional tensions and further segregate the North from the South and so by the time the North held the reins of power the South felt completely and utterly under threat. Essays? As a result, it is prothesis financial help little surprise that: ‘Southern leaders have since argued that de-colonisation was flawed in dog photo essays, the sense that Southerners had no influence on the process in general, nor on the future of the Southern Sudan. The fundamental question of whether the South belonged in essay about of water, the Sudanese state at all was not addressed.’[59] The issue of southern independence has been a contentious one up until the present day and the fact that a referendum was held on January 9 th 2011 to determine whether or not the Sudan will indeed split into two separate entities only lends credence to the extremely significant role regional identity has played in the conflict – the referendum is surely testament to the sheer force of will of those in dog photo, the South to summary concerning human understanding assert their regional identity. Dog Photo? Of course, that regional identity is a culmination of religious, racial, and other affiliations, but, as will become clear, the regional identity in the Sudan has become the most cultivated and the most fiercely protected.

The determination of the renascence essays on values in literature, Sudan’s southern population in defending their regional identity has been shaped, in part, by the oppressive actions of the dog photo essays, government in the North who, intent on maintaining the separation of North and summary essay human understanding, South, developed the “Southern Policy” which mandated regional and racial segregation, whereby ‘the South was to be developed along “African”, rather than “Arab” lines’[60] and was to be intentionally underdeveloped when compared to the North. This policy of subjugation only dog photo essays served to unite the southerners further as they formed mutual bonds through their experiences of oppression and adversity; Gerd Baumann calls this phenomenon ‘alterity’ and has observed that ‘[w]hen one party argues that it encompasses the other, the other party will often respond by postulating a grammar of segmentation.’[61] This goes a long way in explaining why the writing a lab report in third, Sudan People’s Liberation Movement and Army became such a powerful organisation as it pushed for Southern independence and attracted people from even the remotest parts of the South. John Garang de Mabior, leader of the SPLA/M, claims that the appeal of the organisation was so strong because the essays, oppression had become so terrible that ‘the marginal cost of essay about and effects of water pollution, rebellion in the South became very small, zero or negative; that is, in the South it pays to essays rebel.’[62] For all its strengths, however, formation of regional identity in the Sudan has been severely hindered over the years, with pockets of causes pollution, disagreement and in-fighting proving extremely counterproductive to the southern separatists’ cause in essays, particular. It has already been noted that the SPLM/A suffered internal divisions which led to a splinter group, the SSIM/A, allying with the Khartoum government and essay, ‘[a]ttempts were made by [the SPLA/M] to join forces with Anyanya 2 groups, but these often ended with their fighting each other.’[63] Badal even goes so far as to suggest that in the South ‘it can be assumed that there exists a condition more suitable for conflict than for a claim for a separate existence.’[64] Even in dog photo essays, the comparatively homogenous North there exists an ‘ethnic struggle for power in Khartoum.’[65] Furthermore, whilst it can be seen to encompass them both rather perfectly, regional identity in the Sudan can also be seen to be in competition with religious and a lab person, racial identity: ‘the “observation” that kinship is made of flesh and dog photo, blood contains the verdict that the physical facts of biological relatedness count as shared identity, which then entails the presumption that certain kinds of essay about causes of water pollution, rights and duties will be assumed between “kin” as a matter of course.’[66] The duties and obligations an dog photo, individual may feel to his kin who, more often than not are integrated in renascence essays on values in literature, that individual’s tribe, are further compounded by the observations made by Evans-Pritchard and dog photo, Rivers who ‘noticed how systems of religion and social organization reflected and supported those kinship systems of beliefs and practices.’[67] Religion and race, therefore, can be seen as mutually reinforcing an essay about causes and effects of water pollution, individual’s identity, and thus become of essays, more importance to essays on values that individual, in ways in which regional identity cannot. Nevertheless, as the saying goes, actions speak far louder than words and essays, the outcome of the referendum that was held on 9 th January 2011, which is essay about causes expected to come in a matter of dog photo essays, weeks, is renascence essays on values expected to prove that the number of people in the South who voted for unity with the North is an extremely tiny minority[68] – even Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir has hinted that he suspects he will eventually have to essays concede that he can no longer rule the essay about in spanish, people of southern Sudan.[69] ‘[D]omination, aggression, and dog photo, violence are intrinsic parts of social life. This is essay human understanding often expressed in terms of race, class, and gender but can also be based on essays religious beliefs, political affiliation, national origin, age, and physical or mental disabilities.’[70] There are few examples of domination, aggression, and violence in summary essay human understanding, recent history to the extent that has been, and continues to essays be experienced in the Sudan.

For this very reason, the Sudan serves as a perfect case study for assessing the role played by such domination, aggression, and violence on identity formation and it has already been proposed that such oppression has had a profound effect on essay human shaping religious, racial and regional identity in particular. Here it is possible to link this conception of dog photo essays, identity formation through domination, aggression, and violence to the notion of hegemony, which, as one scholar has argued, ‘has played an especially strong part in helping us to understand how power works to form the prothesis financial help, social person, shaping the way in which people variously experience the world they live in.’[71] In linking hegemony, power, and dog photo, identity formation within the and effects of water pollution, context of the Sudan conflict, some conclusions begin to emerge. First and foremost, it becomes explicitly clear that at the heart of hegemony is the ability to actively affect the identities of dog photo essays, those over whom it has influence, and writing a lab report person, the reverse side of this is essays that the individuals living under the hegemon are receptive, either knowingly or entirely ignorantly, of its influence. In other words, the hegemon seeks to summary of an essay concerning change its subjects and essays, its subjects are continually being changed. It is a two-way process: there is the top-down aspect in which the hegemonic regime exerts its influence on the population and about of water pollution, there is the grassroots aspect by which the population absorb the hegemonic influence into their existing identities and dog photo, roles and essays on values, make it their own. Which brings us to the second point, which is dog photo essays that because identity formation through hegemonic influence is a two-way process it is all the essay my family in spanish, more unpredictable because there are so many possible outcomes: the influence of the hegemon can be overwhelming and essays, cause the desired outcome, as has been the case with mujahideen in the North of the prothesis financial help, Sudan; the influence could be entirely rejected and instead have the opposite effect, which can be seen in the way the North’s policy of dog photo essays, Islamification has created a large number of Christian converts in the South; or hegemony and the resistance to minority vs movie it could reach a relatively comfortable degree of equilibrium. According to Malwal, the prevailing trend in the Sudan is that the more the attempt by the northern governments to promote the dominant religion and language in a “vain and costly effort to establish a nation state of cultural and religious homogeneity in the place of one of diversity” has only aggravated the grievances of the southern Sudanese’[72] and only served to increase their determination to dog photo essays oppose the North. Ortner suggests that ‘[r]esistors are doing more than simply opposing domination, more than simply producing a virtually mechanical re­ -action […] They have their own politics.’[73] However, he fails to appreciate that this is precisely why hegemony has such an enormously transformative and pervasive effect on identity formation because hegemonic influence has the power to change these internalised politics of minority report, both resistors and dog photo essays, supporters alike.

In his work culture, Hall expands upon this and explains that: ‘Ruling ideas may dominate other conceptions of the social world by about in spanish, setting the limit to what will appear as rational, reasonable, credible, indeed sayable or thinkable, within the dog photo essays, given vocabularies of motive and renascence essays in literature, action available to us.’[74] An example of hegemonic influence shaping everyday motive and action in dog photo essays, the Sudan can be seen in writing a lab report, the renowned works of Sharon Hutchinson who spent several periods of her life living with the Nuer tribe of the South; instead of conversations revolving around ‘cows and oxen, heifers and steers, rams and sheep, he-goats and she-goats, calves and lambs and kids’ as they had during her first visit to dog photo essays the Nuer cattle camps in writing, 1978-1979, less than two decades later Hutchinson found that the Nuer’s conversations were now preoccupied by essays, ‘national political issues, cabinet shake-ups, regional troop movements, and the Jonglei Canal scheme.’[75] In other words, the sheer occurrence and pervasiveness of essays on values in literature, interaction with the dog photo essays, hegemonic regime in the interim years had completely altered the interests, the hopes, and the fears of the essay causes of water pollution, Nuer; simply the knowledge of the Khartoum government’s oppressive policies and the Sudanese conflict was enough to adjust to everyday dynamic. This point clearly serves to address De Boeck’s question when he asks: ‘Are social co-operation and control limited to small pockets of society in the absence of generalised, overarching civic and political culture, or are there still wider dynamics at play?’[76] There is no doubt that there is a distinct absence of an ‘overarching civic and political culture’ in the Sudan. Indeed, Eisei Kurimoto notes how, in the case of the Pari from dog photo essays, southern Sudan, this sense of isolation and removal from the state is reinforced in their everyday speech and language: ‘ Gaala is a Pari word which connotes all foreigners of lighter skin, both Arab and Europeans, as well as residents of towns. Government is also called gaala […] The implication in the use of this term is that for the Pari successive rulers of the Sudan are just foreigners and their governments are also alien. To the Pari people all outsiders are enemies to essay a certain degree.’[77] In calling it ‘gaala’, the Pari assert that the feel no allegiance to the government in Khartoum and have no sense that there is an overarching authority determining their motives and actions; of course the government exists to the Pari in the most rudimentary sense, but it is a simple and essays, distant existence without any immediate implications for the tribe. Writing A Lab? The Pari think of the alien Sudanese government much as they might when discussing a foreign country or a distant star. This is not a recent trend and essays, those living in and effects of water, the South of the essays, Sudan have a long tradition of disregard for whatever government might come along, with Rolandsen noting that ‘[i]n the period up to 1918 without any close administration, it probably did not make much difference to most Southerners whether it was the Turks, the Mahdists or the British who claimed sovereignty in their territory.’[78]

However, as alluded to above hegemony is about more than asserting sovereignty over an area of land: it is about ‘the mastering of of an essay concerning human understanding, history’[79] and, as Antonio Gramsci proposed in his prominent works on social and cultural hegemony, it is about how a social class or group exerts cultural leadership or dominance over other classes in maintaining the essays, socio-political status quo whilst influencing these subordinate classes to accept and adopt the writing a lab report in third person, values of the hegemon.[80] It is this unrivalled power to change those in the lower echelons of society which explains why ‘[t]he African elite, irrespective of their location and sources of idea, regard culture as the number one tool in essays, creating a difference between African and non-African, consolidating national and essay, ethnic identities.’[81] Therefore, to answer the question posed by De Boeck earlier, there are certainly wider dynamics of control at play even in the absence of an overarching, formalised and legitimate central authority; the influence exerted by the hegemon in a population or society penetrates and infiltrates the culture and dog photo, daily lives of writing a lab person, those beneath in numerous and dog photo, varied ways so that those being influenced may not be immediately aware of the existence of these external forces at of an essay concerning human understanding, work. Thus, in the case of the Sudan, whilst sectors of the population may be almost oblivious to, or completely disregard, the Sudanese government, the government in question has unquestionably shaped and essays, altered their identities, beliefs and dialogues through the continuing presence of conflict and strife. Either directly or indirectly, the religious, racial and regional identities of those living in the Sudan have been broken down and rebuilt by the hegemonic regime in place. As one final point it is important to emphasise that the transformative power of hegemony should not be overestimated; as an elusive and sometimes intangible concept, it is easy to sometimes see hegemonic influence and a subsequent change in essays in literature, society where neither exists. Indeed, Brown raises the point that ‘[r]esistance is dog photo a perfect vehicle for essays on values the expression of moral fervor precisely because it is so vague, so easily left to the eye of the beholder’[82] and it is sometimes tempting for scholars and students to view an event or the belief of a group and make links between oppression and dog photo essays, resistance when, in actuality, the renascence essays on values in literature, event of belief was created through other means. Essays? There is a prime example of such an report, event in the account of Kurimoto’s stay with the Pari: ‘A Pari explained his people believed the coming of the essays, SPLA would result in a situation of “no government”, as had been the case during the first civil war, and they destroyed all the things belonging to essay my family in spanish the government. One could say it was an expression of their wish to remain autonomous without government. Dog Photo Essays? However, the fact that 200 bags of sorghum stored by the co-operative association were seized and distributed by my family, the mojomiji [the middle-aged tribal rulers] of the six villages might mean the looting was controlled by dog photo, the mojomiji and may not have been an uncontrolled mob action.’ Here Kurimoto questions the motives of the rulers of the Pari tribe in bringing about the destruction of the prothesis financial help, government buildings. Certainly they could have been expressing their desire to dog photo essays be free of the report book, unwanted Sudanese government in the North, but equally the mojomiji could have been using the threat of civil war to dog photo assert their dominance and maintain their own form of hegemony and stability in light of a more pressing external threat; on arriving in essays, the Pari villages, the SPLA had proved popular enough to draw away many men to the battlefields and it is just as plausible that the mojomiji wanted to keep their influence over these men themselves rather than see them led astray by essays, the southern separatist movement.[83]

Enzensberger, speaking as a patronising, imperial stepfather might talk about an unwanted, unreasonable child, makes his stance known when he exclaims that in Africa ‘[v]iolence has freed itself from ideology’ and the contemporary civil wars which occur within its borders are a form of ‘political retrovirus […] about nothing at all’.[84] Even if one should entirely reject the arguments offered throughout the of an essay human understanding, course of essays, this essay, it is fervently hoped that, if it has achieved nothing else, this essay has convincingly rejected notions such as Enzensberger’s from of water, discourse concerning the conflict in Sudan; the essays, Sudanese civil war and associated violence is firmly rooted in a battle for summary essay one’s identity and dog photo essays, place in both group dynamics and wider society. Prothesis Financial? As Hanlon rightly states, identity is ‘an internal root of dog photo essays, war’[85] and so to suggest that self-realisation, the expression of report vs movie, one’s self and dog photo essays, situating that self in relation to essay about causes and effects pollution the ever-fluctuating hegemonic regime is dog photo essays ‘nothing’ is sheer ignorance and, quite frankly, an untenable position. Renascence In Literature? Because a significant number of notable sectors of its population live under an incompatible, alien central authority, the conflict in the Sudan is ultimately a confrontation between groups in search of dog photo essays, a common overarching identity under which they can unite. ‘Abd Al-Rahim, M., ‘Arabism, Africanism, and Self-Identification in of an human, the Sudan’ in Wai, D.M. (ed.) The Southern Sudan: The Problem of essays, National Integration (London: Frank Cass Co., 1973), pp.29-46. Akol, L., SPLM/SPLA: The Nasir Declaration (Lincoln: iUniversire, 2003). Badal, R.K., ‘The Rise and Fall of prothesis financial help, Separatism in dog photo, Southern Sudan’, African Affairs (October 1976), Vol. 75, No. 301: 463-474. Banton, M., ‘Ethnic Conflict’, Sociology (August 2000), Vol. 34, No.

3: 481-498. Baumann, G., ‘Grammars of Identity/Alterity: A Structural Approach’ in Baumann, G. and renascence on values, Gingrich, A. (eds.) Grammars of Identity/Alterity: A Structural Approach (Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2006) pp. 18-52. Brown, M.F., ‘On Resisting Resistance’, American Anthropologist , (December 1996) Vol. 98, No. 4: 729-749. Buzan, B. and Weaver, O., Regions and dog photo, Powers: The Structure of essay about in spanish, International Security (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003). Cramer, C., Violence in Developing Countries: War, Memory, Progress (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2006). D’Andrade, R.G., ‘Cultural Meaning Systems’ in Schweder, R.A. and LeVine, R.A. (eds.), Culture Theory: Essays on Mind, Self, and Emotion (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984), p.92.

De Boeck, F., ‘Postcolonialism, Power and Identity: Local and Global Perspectives from Zaire’ in Werbner, R. and dog photo, Ranger, T. (eds.), Postcolonial Identities in Africa (London: Zed Books Ltd, 1996), pp.75-106. Falola, T., The Power of African Cultures (Rochester: University of Rochester Press, 2003). Gadir Ali, A.A., Elbadawi, I.A. and El-Batahani, A., ‘The Sudan’s Civil War: Why has it Prevailed for So Long?’ in Collier, P. and Sambanis, N. (eds.), Understanding Civil War: Evidence and book vs movie, Analysis, Vol. 1 – Africa (Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2005), pp.193-220. Geschiere, P., The Perils of Belonging : Autochthony, Citizenship, and Exclusion in Africa and Europe (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009). Hall, S., ‘The Toad in the Garden: Thatcherism Among the Theorists’ in C. Nelson and L. Grossberg (eds.) Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture (Urbana: Univ. III. Press, 1988), pp.35-57.

Hanlon, J., ‘Ethnicity and dog photo essays, Identity’ in Yanacopulos, H. and Hanlon, J. (eds.), Civil War, Civil Peace (Oxford: James Currey, 2006), pp.95-112. Harrison, S., The Mask of War: Violence, Ritual and the Self in Melanesia (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1993), p.4. Hasenclever, A. and in third person, Rittberger, V., ‘Does Religion Make a Difference? Theoretical Approaches to essays the Impact of Faith on Political Conflict’ in Petito, F. and Hatzopoulos, P. (eds.), Religion in International Relations: The Return from causes and effects of water pollution, Exile (Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2003), pp.107-147. Holsti, K.J., The Dividing Discipline: Hegemony and essays, Diversity in International Theory (Boston: Alan and Unwin, 1987). Hutchinson, S.E., Nuer Dilemmas: Coping with Money, War, and the State (London: University of California Press, 1996). Idris, A., ‘The Racialised and Islamicised Sudanese State and the Question of Southern Sudan’ in Jalata, A. (ed.), State Crises, Globalisation and National Movements in minority report vs movie, North-East Africa (London: Routledge, 2004), pp.30-44. International Crisis Group, God, Oil and Country: Changing the Logic of War in Sudan (Brussels: IGC Press, 2002), p.3. Johnson, D.H., The Root Causes of Sudan’s Civil Wars (Oxford: James Currey, 2004) Johnson, D.H., ‘Darfur: Peace, Genocide and Crimes against Humanity’ in Kaarsholm, P. (ed.), Violence, Political Culture and Development in Africa (Oxford: James Currey, 2006), pp.92-104. Karns, M.P. and essays, Mingst, K.A., International Organizations: The Politics and Processes of Global Governance , 2 nd edn. (London: Lynne Rienner, 2010).

Kurimoto, E., ‘Civil War Regional Conflicts: The Pari Their Neighbours in South-Eastern Sudan’ in Fukui, K. and Markakis, J. (eds.), Ethnicity Conflict in the Horn of Africa (London: James Currey, 1994), pp.95-111. Lynch, C. Summary Concerning Human? ‘Dogma, Praxis, and Religious Perspectives on Multiculturalism’ in Petito, F. and Hatzopoulos, P. (eds.), Religion in International Relations: The Return from Exile (Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2003), pp.55-78. Mamdani, M., ‘Making Sense of Political Violence in Post-Colonial Africa’, Socialist Register (2003): 132-151. Martin, R., ‘Sudan’s Perfect War’, Foreign Affairs ( Mar/Apr 2002), Vol. 81, No. 2: 111. Meyer, C., DC Confidential: The Controversial Memoirs of Britain’s Ambassador to the US at the Time of 9/11 and dog photo, the Run-up to the Iraq War (London: Phoenix, 2005).

Mutua, M., ‘Racism at the Root of a lab in third person, Sudan’s Darfur Crisis’, The Christian Science Monitor , 14 July 2004: 10. Nagengast, C., ‘Violence, Terror, and the Crisis of the State’, Annual Review of Anthropology (1994) Vol. 23:109-136, p.109. Ortner, S.B., ‘Resistance and dog photo essays, the Problem of Ethnographical Refusal’, Comparative Studies in Society and History , Vol. Essay And Effects Of Water? 37, No.1: 173-193.

Prah, K.K., Race, Discrimination, Slavery, Nationalism and dog photo essays, Citizenship in the Afro-Arab Borderlands , paper prepared for the United Nations Research Institute for writing a lab report person Social Development (UNRISD) Conference on Racism and Public Policy , September 2001, Durban, South Africa. Accessible via the internet at [http://www.pogar.org/publications/other/unrisd/prah-01e.pdf]. Rolandsen, O.H., Guerrilla Government: Political Changes in the Southern Sudan During the 1990s (Sweden: Almqvist Wiksell Tryckeri AB, 2005). Russell, P. and McCall, S., ‘Can Secession Be Justified?’ in essays, Wai, D.M. Financial Help? (ed.), The Southern Sudan: The Problem of National Integration (London: Frank Cass Co., 1973), pp.93-122. Salih, K.O., ‘British Policy and the Accentuation of Inter-Ethnic Divisions: the Case of the Nuba Mountains Region of Sudan, 1920-1940’, African Affairs (July 1990), No.89: 417-436. Scott, J.C., ‘Domination, Acting, and Fantasy’ in Nordstrom, C. and Martin, J. (eds.), The Paths to dog photo essays Domination, Resistance, and Terror (Berkley: University of California Press, 1992), pp.55-84. Smith, G., ‘Hegemony’ in Nugent, D. Summary Essay Concerning Human Understanding? And Vincent, J. (eds.), A Companion to the Anthropology of Politics (Oxford: Blackwell, 2004), pp.216-230. Straus, S., ‘Darfur and the Genocide Debate’, Foreign Affairs (Jan-Feb 2005), Vol.

84, No.1: 123-133. Van Willigen, J., Applied Anthropology: An Introduction , 3 rd edn. (Westport, CT: Bergin Garvey, 2002). Wai, D.M., ‘Introduction’ in Wai, D.M. (ed.), The Southern Sudan: The Problem of National Integration (London: Frank Cass Co., 1973), pp.1-6. Wassara, S.S., Traditional Mechanisms of Conflict Resolution in Southern Sudan (Berlin: Berghof Foundation for Peace Support, 2007). Whiteford, L.M. and Bennett, L.A., ‘Applied Anthropology and dog photo essays, Health and Medicine’ in Kedia, S. and van Willigen, J. (eds.), Applied Anthropology: Domains of causes and effects, Application (Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2005), pp.119-149. Yokwe, E.M., ‘Arabicisation and Language Policy in the Sudan’, Studies in the Linguistic Sciences , Vol. 14, No. 2: 149-170. Yokwe, E.M., ‘Conflict Resolution in the Sudan: A Case Study of dog photo essays, Intolerance in Contemporary African Societies’, Africa Media Review (1997), Vol. 11, No.

3: 80-103. ‘Multiculturalism in about, Korea’, JooAng Daily , August 26 th , 2010. Agency for Independent Media, ‘In Southern Sudan Conflicts, Women and Children are Targeted’, 13 th February 2010, accessed on 14 th January 2011 via [http://www.aimonline.org/]. Foreign Policy, ‘The World’s Newest Global Capital?’, 6 th January 2011, accessed 14 th January 2011 via [http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/01/06/the_worlds_newest_capital]. Human Rights Watch, ‘Sudan, Oil, and essays, Human Rights’, November 24 2003, accessed 17 th December, 2010 via [http://www.hrw.org/en/node/12243/section/1]. International Criminal Court press release (12/07/2010), accessed 3 rd January, 2011 via [http://www.icc-cpi.int/menus/icc/press%20and%20media/press%20releases/pr557]. The Economist, ‘Independence Beckons’, 6 th January 2011, accessed 14 th January 2011 via [http://www.economist.com/node/17851399]. [1] Yokwe, E.M., ‘Conflict Resolution in the Sudan: A Case Study of Intolerance in Contemporary African Societies’, Africa Media Review (1997), Vol. Essay About My Family In Spanish? 11, No. Essays? 3: 80-103, p.82.

[2] See for example Karns, M.P. and Mingst, K.A., International Organizations: The Politics and Processes of Global Governance , 2 nd edn. (London: Lynne Rienner, 2010), p.212 and Straus, S., ‘Darfur and the Genocide Debate’, Foreign Affairs (Jan-Feb 2005), Vol. In Third? 84, No.1: 123-133. [3]International Criminal Court press release (12/07/2010), accessed on 3 rd January 2011 via. [4] Examples of dog photo, such a consensus exist in Akol, L., SPLM/SPLA: The Nasir Declaration (Lincoln: iUniversire, 2003), Johnson, D.H., The Root Causes of Sudan’s Civil Wars (Oxford: James Currey, 2004), Rolandsen, O.H., Guerrilla Government: Political Changes in the Southern Sudan During the 1990s (Sweden: Almqvist Wiksell Tryckeri AB, 2005), Wai, D.M. (ed.), The Southern Sudan: The Problem of National Integration (London: Frank Cass Co., 1973). [5] International Crisis Group, God, Oil and Country: Changing the Logic of War in Sudan (Brussels: IGC Press, 2002), p.3.

[6] Falola, T., The Power of African Cultures (Rochester: University of Rochester Press, 2003). [7] Prah, K.K., Race, Discrimination, Slavery, Nationalism and Citizenship in the Afro-Arab Borderlands , paper prepared for the United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) Conference on renascence essays on values Racism and Public Policy , September 2001, Durban, South Africa. Can be accessed via the internet at [http://www.pogar.org/publications/other/unrisd/prah-01e.pdf]. [8] ‘Multiculturalism in essays, Korea’, JooAng Daily , August 26 th , 2010. [9] Meyer, C., DC Confidential: The Controversial Memoirs of about causes, Britain’s Ambassador to dog photo the US at the Time of 9/11 and the Run-up to the Iraq War (London: Phoenix, 2005), p.28. [10] Human Rights Watch, ‘Sudan, Oil, and Human Rights’, November 24 2003, accessed 17 th December, 2010 via.

[11] Gadir Ali, A.A., Elbadawi, I.A. and El-Batahani, A., ‘The Sudan’s Civil War: Why has it Prevailed for So Long?’ in Collier, P. and Sambanis, N. (eds.), Understanding Civil War: Evidence and Analysis, Vol. 1 – Africa (Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2005), p.219. [12] Prah, K.K., Race, Discrimination, Slavery, Nationalism and Citizenship in the Afro-Arab Borderlands , p.5. [13] Harrison, S., The Mask of War: Violence, Ritual and the Self in Melanesia (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1993), p.4. [14] Nagengast, C., ‘Violence, Terror, and renascence on values in literature, the Crisis of the essays, State’, Annual Review of Anthropology (1994) Vol.

23:109-136, p.109. [15] Aggrey Jaden, President of the Sudan African National Union, in a speech given at the inauguration of the Union in about causes of water, Kampala in 1964, quoted in Russell, P. and McCall, S., ‘Can Secession Be Justified?’ in Wai, D.M. (ed.), The Southern Sudan: The Problem of dog photo, National Integration , p.107. [16] Rolandsen, O.H., Guerrilla Government: Political Changes in the Southern Sudan during the 1990s , p.22. [17] As evaluated by prothesis financial help, Geschiere, P., The Perils of dog photo, Belonging : Autochthony, Citizenship, and Exclusion in report, Africa and Europe (Chicago: University of dog photo essays, Chicago Press, 2009), p.166. [18] Excerpt of a speech given by Sayed Saddig El-Mahdi, leader of the Umma Party, at the Eleventh Annual Conference of the Philosophical Societies of Sudan (1965), cited in Yokwe, E.M., ‘Arabicisation and Language Policy in the Sudan’, Studies in the Linguistic Sciences , Vol.

14, No. 2: 149-170, p.155. [19] Martin, R., ‘Sudan’s Perfect War’, Foreign Affairs ( Mar/Apr 2002), Vol. 81, No. 2: 111. [20] Although for an interesting article which attempts to remove the Sudanese conflict from its religious context see Mutua, M., ‘Racism at the Root of vs movie, Sudan’s Darfur Crisis’, The Christian Science Monitor , 14 July 2004: 10. [21] Lam Akol writes that ‘“Animism” is an archaic term with little descriptive value’ used to avoid the pejorative terms associated with paganism. Dog Photo? He goes on causes and effects pollution to state that ‘as “animism” is now generally understood […] there are properly no “animists” in dog photo, the southern Sudan’. For more see Akol, L., SPLM/SPLA: the of an essay concerning, Nasir Declaration (Lincoln: iUniverse, 2003), p.xv-xvi.

[22] Geschiere, P., The Perils of dog photo, Belonging : Autochthony, Citizenship, and Exclusion in minority report book, Africa and Europe , p.1. [23] ‘Abd Al-Rahim, M., ‘Arabism, Africanism, and Self-Identification in the Sudan’ in Wai, D.M. (ed.) The Southern Sudan: The Problem of National Integration , pp.33-34. [24] Lynch, C. ‘Dogma, Praxis, and Religious Perspectives on Multiculturalism’ in Petito, F. and Hatzopoulos, P. (eds.), Religion in International Relations: The Return from Exile (Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2003), p.62. [25] Falola, Y., The Power of African Cultures , pp.57-58. [27] Human Rights Watch, ‘Sudan, Oil, and Human Rights’, pp.43-44. [28] Yokwe, E.M., ‘Conflict Resolution in the Sudan: A Case Study of dog photo, Intolerance in Contemporary African Societies’, p.94. [29] Rolandsen, O.H., Guerrilla Government: Political Changes in the Southern Sudan during the 1990s (Sweden: Almqvist Wiksell Tryckeri AB, 2005), pp.24-5. [30] Banton, M., ‘Ethnic Conflict’, Sociology (August 2000), Vol.

34, No. Of An Essay? 3: 481-498, at p.482. [31] Hasenclever, A. and dog photo essays, Rittberger, V., ‘Does Religion Make a Difference? Theoretical Approaches to the Impact of Faith on Political Conflict’ in Petito, F. and essays in literature, Hatzopoulos, P. (eds.), Religion in dog photo essays, International Relations: The Return from Exile (Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2003), pp.110. [32] Akol, L., SPLM/SPLA: The Nasir Declaration (Lincoln: iUniverse, 2003), p.63. [34] Scott, J.C., ‘Domination, Acting, and Fantasy’ in Nordstrom, C. and Martin, J. (eds.), The Paths to Domination, Resistance, and Terror (Berkley: University of California Press, 1992), p.56.

[35] Akol, L., SPLM/SPLA: The Nasir Declaration , p.xv-xvi. [36] Martin, R., ‘Sudan’s Perfect War’. [37] Mutua, M., ‘Racism at the Root of Sudan’s Darfur Crisis’, p.10. [38] Quoted in Johnson, D.H., ‘Darfur: Peace, Genocide and Crimes against Humanity’ in Kaarsholm, P. (ed.), Violence, Political Culture and Development in Africa (Oxford: James Currey, 2006), p.92. [39] Badal, R.K., ‘The Rise and Fall of my family, Separatism in Southern Sudan’, African Affairs (October 1976), Vol. 75, No. 301: 463-474, p.464.

[40] Yokwe, E.M., ‘Conflict Resolution in the Sudan: A Case Study of Intolerance in Contemporary African Societies’, pp.85-6. [41] Gadir Ali, A.A., Elbadawi, I.A. and El-Batahani, A., ‘The Sudan’s Civil War: Why has it Prevailed for dog photo So Long?’ p.216. [42] Akol, L., SPLM/SPLA: The Nasir Declaration , p.xv. [43] Harrison, S., The Mask of War: Violence, Ritual and the Self in minority report vs movie, Melanesia , p.4. [44] Kurimoto, E., ‘Civil War Regional Conflicts: The Pari Their Neighbours in dog photo essays, South-Eastern Sudan’ in Fukui, K. and Markakis, J. (eds.), Ethnicity Conflict in essay in spanish, the Horn of Africa (London: James Currey, 1994), pp.95-111.

[45] Human Rights Watch, ‘Sudan, Oil, and essays, Human Rights’. [46] Human Rights Watch, ‘Sudan, Oil, and Human Rights’. [47] Wassara, S.S., Traditional Mechanisms of Conflict Resolution in Southern Sudan (Berlin: Berghof Foundation for Peace Support, 2007), p.5. [48] Kurimoto, E., ‘Civil War Regional Conflicts: The Pari Their Neighbours in South-Eastern, p.100. [49] Johnson, D.H., The Root Causes of Sudan’s Civil Wars . [50] Hon Maker Chol Adol, the member of the South Sudanese Legislative Assembly from causes and effects, Makauch Payam, quoted in essays, Agency for Independent Media, ‘In Southern Sudan Conflicts, Women and Children are Targeted’, 13 th February 2010, accessed on 14 th January 2011 via [http://www.aimonline.org/]. [51] De Boeck, F., ‘Postcolonialism, Power and Identity: Local and Global Perspectives from Zaire’ in Werbner, R. and Ranger, T. (eds.), Postcolonial Identities in Africa (London: Zed Books Ltd, 1996), p.75. [52] Geschiere, P., The Perils of Belonging : Autochthony, Citizenship, and Exclusion in Africa and Europe , p.32. [53] Buzan, B. and Weaver, O., Regions and Powers: The Structure of International Security (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), p.241. [54] Wai, D.M., ‘Introduction’ in Wai, D.M. (ed.), The Southern Sudan: The Problem of National Integration , p.1. [55] Akol, L., SPLM/SPLA: The Nasir Declaration , p.339. [56] Falola, T., The Power of African Cultures , p.102.

[57] Johnson, D.H., The Root Causes of Sudan’s Civil Wars , p.22. [58] Salih, K.O., ‘British Policy and the Accentuation of Inter-Ethnic Divisions: the Case of the prothesis financial help, Nuba Mountains Region of Sudan, 1920-1940’, African Affairs (July 1990), No.89: 417-436. [59] Rolandsen, O.H., Guerrilla Government: Political Changes in the Southern Sudan during the 1990s , p.24. [60] Idris, A., ‘The Racialised and Islamicised Sudanese State and the Question of Southern Sudan’ in Jalata, A. (ed.), State Crises, Globalisation and National Movements in dog photo, North-East Africa (London: Routledge, 2004), pp.30-44. [61] Baumann, G., ‘Grammars of Identity/Alterity: A Structural Approach’ in Baumann, G. and Gingrich, A. (eds.) Grammars of report book vs movie, Identity/Alterity: A Structural Approach (Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2006), p. 31. [62] In a statement made to the Sudanese people on the ‘Founding of the Sudan’s People Liberation Army (SPLA) and dog photo, the Sudan’s People Liberation Movement (SPLM)’, quoted in Gadir Ali, A.A., Elbadawi, I.A. and El-Batahani, A., ‘The Sudan’s Civil War: Why has it Prevailed for So Long?’, p.193. [63] Rolandsen, O.H., Guerrilla Government: Political Changes in the Southern Sudan during the 1990s , p.27.

[64] Badal, R.K., ‘The Rise and Fall of Separatism in Southern Sudan’, p.465. [65] Yokwe, E.M., ‘Conflict Resolution in the Sudan: A Case Study of Intolerance in Contemporary African Societies’, p.82. [66] D’Andrade, R.G., ‘Cultural Meaning Systems’ in Schweder, R.A. and LeVine, R.A. Report Book Vs Movie? (eds.), Culture Theory: Essays on Mind, Self, and Emotion (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984), p.92. [67] Whiteford, L.M. and Bennett, L.A., ‘Applied Anthropology and dog photo, Health and Medicine’ in Kedia, S. and van Willigen, J. Of An Understanding? (eds.), Applied Anthropology: Domains of Application (Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2005), p.122. [68] Foreign Policy, ‘The World’s Newest Global Capital?’, 6 th January 2011, accessed 14 th January 2011 via [http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/01/06/the_worlds_newest_capital]. [69] The Economist, ‘Independence Beckons’, 6 th January 2011, accessed 14 th January 2011 via [http://www.economist.com/node/17851399]. [70] Van Willigen, J., Applied Anthropology: An Introduction , 3 rd edn. (Westport, CT: Bergin Garvey, 2002), p.92. [71] Smith, G., ‘Hegemony’ in Nugent, D. and Vincent, J. (eds.), A Companion to dog photo the Anthropology of Politics (Oxford: Blackwell, 2004), p.216. [72] Gadir Ali, A.A., Elbadawi, I.A. and El-Batahani, A., ‘The Sudan’s Civil War: Why has it Prevailed for So Long?’, p.211.

[73] Ortner, S.B., ‘Resistance and report in third person, the Problem of Ethnographical Refusal’, Comparative Studies in Society and History , Vol. 37, No.1: 173-193, pp.176-177. [74] Hall, S., ‘The Toad in the Garden: Thatcherism Among the Theorists’ in C. Nelson and dog photo, L. Grossberg (eds.) Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture (Urbana: Univ. Renascence On Values In Literature? III. Press, 1988), p.44. [75] Hutchinson, S.E., Nuer Dilemmas: Coping with Money, War, and the State (London: University of California Press, 1996), pp.32-33. [76] De Boeck, F., ‘Postcolonialism, Power and Identity: Local and Global Perspectives from Zaire’, p.76.

[77] Kurimoto, E., ‘Civil War Regional Conflicts: The Pari Their Neighbours in South-Eastern Sudan’, pp.95-111. [78] Rolandsen, O.H., Guerrilla Government: Political Changes in the Southern Sudan during the 1990s , p.23. [79] Smith, G., ‘Hegemony’ in Nugent, D. and Vincent, J. (eds.), A Companion to the Anthropology of Politics (Oxford: Blackwell, 2004), p.217. [80] Holsti, K.J., The Dividing Discipline: Hegemony and dog photo essays, Diversity in International Theory (Boston: Alan and summary of an human, Unwin, 1987). [81] Falola, T., The Power of African Cultures , p.3. [82] Brown, M.F., ‘On Resisting Resistance’, American Anthropologist , (December 1996) Vol. 98, No. 4: 729-749, p730. [83] Kurimoto, E., ‘Civil War Regional Conflicts: The Pari Their Neighbours in South-Eastern Sudan’, p.100. [84] Quoted in Cramer, C., Violence in dog photo essays, Developing Countries: War, Memory, Progress (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2006), p.77.

[85] Hanlon, J., ‘Ethnicity and Identity’ in Yanacopulos, H. and Hanlon, J. Essay Causes? (eds.), Civil War, Civil Peace (Oxford: James Currey, 2006), p.110. Written at : Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. Written for : Professor Filip De Boeck. All content on the website is published under the following Creative Commons License. Before you download your free e-book, please consider donating to support open access publishing.

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age essay old All online transactions are done using all major Credit Cards or Electronic Check through either PayPal™ or Moneybookers™. These are safe, secure, and efficient ways to dog photo essays make payment online. Many people perceive old age as time for resting, reflecting and an opportunity to perform activities that beyond pursuing during their career period. The condition does not guarantee healthy living and is not always peaceful (Miller, 2009). Prothesis Financial Help? Old age is defined as the age of an individual approaching or beyond the average lifespan of humans. The elderly are known differently depending on the situation. For example in dog photo United States, they are referred to as seniors, in British they are known as elderly or senior citizens (Cole Dendukuri, 2003). The general illnesses and health irritations of this condition requires proper management to prolong life and postpone death of the elderly. Proper management of the condition involves considering psychological needs to prothesis financial help avoid old age depression.

In addition, mental health is vital in the management of the condition. In relation to this, the study discusses old age depression in the aging process of the elderly. Aging and depression. Essays? Observably, people face changes such as death of loved ones, retirement, increased segregation or medical problems they approach old age. Writing A Lab In Third? These challenges cause late-life depression, a condition that if left untreated it can touches more beyond an individual’s mood (Godfrey Denby, 2004). Depression has various effects on the elderly, which includes deterioration in physical and mental health, memory and concentration impairment and deter the old from enjoying life.

Depression can be avoided and is not inherent in old age. Researchers claim that it is a treatable condition no matter the age of the affected. Psychologically, human brain transforms throughout life hence it is possible to make positive changes (Thomas, 2009). Old age depression causes the elderly to lose interest in various activities, to struggle with feelings of hopelessness and dog photo, helplessness (Cole Dendukuri, 2003). Old age depression makes the writing a lab report in third elderly find it difficult to utilize the day effectively in production. Depression’s symptoms influence each aspect of life such as individual’s energy, appetite, interest in work, sleep, relationships and hobbies. Dog Photo Essays? Majorities of the elderly do not notice depression symptoms despite being affected by the condition. As a result, they do not seek psychological or medical attention to manage the situation (Wattis Curran, 2006). Various reasons elucidate on why old age depression is normally ignored.

The first reason is that the elderly convince themselves for having reasons to justify the condition. Majority of the elderly will suffer silently because they think depression is minority book inherent in old age (Godfrey Denby, 2004). Dog Photo Essays? The second reason is that the elderly are exposed to being isolated which triggers psychological process that eventually yield depression. Providing company to the seniors is writing report in third person particularly crucial in averting depression. Dog Photo Essays? Another reason is that the old rarely recognize that some physical illnesses are clear indications of depression. Realistically, the elderly normally feel unenthusiastic to my family in spanish discuss feelings or ask for assistance, which results to depression. The reason being the fear of being rejected or rushing to the conclusion that they are affected by old age. Depression should not be depicted as an indication for weakness or character blemish (Godfrey Denby, 2004). The condition can affect any individual irrespective of the background or prior achievements in life. Dog Photo? The elderly should know that physical illnesses, losses and effects of aging should not pin them down and subject them to living miserable lives. Old age depression is treatable through right support, self-help policies and proper management.

This implies that it is possible for the elderly to have a vibrant life. Major causes of old age depression include health problems, loneliness, reduced sense of purpose and recent bereavement. Health problems such as chronic or sever physical pains, cognitive deteriorations and physical damage to report book vs movie body image because of surgeries or diseases. Loneliness results from the declining social circle experienced by the elderly because of deaths or relocation. The elderly have restricted mobility, which hinders their social ability (Godfrey Denby, 2004). Reduced sense of purpose is caused by dog photo, loss of identity because of and effects, retirement.

The fear of essays, death, financial problems and anxiety are other causative factors of depression. Essays On Values In Literature? Recent bereavement normally arises from recent deaths of dog photo essays, family members, friends and spouse partners. Essay Human? According to Thomas (2009), physical illnesses among the old tend to aggravate the risk of depression. Depression symptoms such as dementia can also occur as a psychological reaction to illnesses. Essentially, having the knowledge regarding medical problems inherent in depression among the elderly is vital in managing the condition. Any chronic illness, no matter the dog photo severity, can cause old age depression or worsen depression (Reynolds and Dew, 67). Some of the about my family in spanish chronic medical conditions include Parkinson’s disease, stroke, thyroid disorders, dementia and Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis.

Depressed seniors are more likely to engage in dog photo essays alcoholism than those who are not depressed. Depression tempts many elderly to use alcohol as a remedy to physical and emotional pains. Essays On Values? Alcohol tends to divert the mind from the problem faced by the elderly and reduces loneliness. Some seniors use alcohol to fight sleep disorders, which are symptoms of depression. The limitation of alcohol is that it has short-term solution depression-based problems.

It can be perceived to be postponing problems, which resurface over time. Alcohol also worsens symptoms of depression, causes irritability and anxiety and damages brain functionality (Cole Dendukuri, 2003). Another effect of dog photo, alcohol is that it negatively reacts with antidepressants, which are essential in the medication of depression. Symptoms of depression vary from individuals with sadness and those without. The elderly people experiencing sadness show signs such as fatigue, loss of interest, self-isolation, sleep disturbances, low self-esteem and suicidal imaginations. The elderly who are free from happiness show symptoms such as hopelessness, apprehension, memory problems, irritability, slow speech and neglect of personal care (Miller, 2009). Preventing old age depression. It is quite a mystery to know that old age makes an individual unable learn a new skill and participate in of water life-changing activities. However, the brain’s functionality is a continuous process and changes every time (Godfrey Denby, 2004).

This reflects that the elderly have abilities similar to the young. Prevention and management of depression requires engaging in things that the patient enjoys, learning and essays, acclimatizing to the environmental changes and living a physically and socially active life. Some forms of overcoming the condition include exercising, connecting with people, bringing one’s life into balance and other self-help activities such as getting adequate sleep and proper dietary habits (Miller, 2009). Exercises as physical activity are potential for boosting the moods that result from depression. Essay About Causes Of Water? Some studies acknowledge that it is dog photo as effective as antidepressants in overcoming depression. Exercises have one significant advantage compared to medication of depression. It does not expose the elderly to side effects when overcoming depression.

Helpful exercising tips might include parking cars away from stores, using the stairs and taking a short walk. Connecting with others is extremely vital in widening the social circle. The social circle is much responsible for providing psychological support, which keeps depression away (Godfrey Denby, 2004). Essay And Effects Of Water? It is extremely difficult to overcome and maintain efforts in preventing depression individually. Social support is beneficial since it reduces chances of giving up with treatment and essays, reduces time spent alone. To speed up the process of managing depression, the essay my family in spanish elderly should invite relatives to live with them and maintain contact with loved ones (Cole Dendukuri, 2003). Depression and the aging process. Researchers have justified the dog photo essays effects of depression on the aging process of the human body.

According to some research, the frequent headaches, spasms, muscle pain, chest palpitations, emotional and cognitive indications contribute to the aging process (Thomas, 2009). Another recent study affirmed that the unnoticeable impacts of depression destroy the cellular structure of the essays on values in literature human body, which may hasten aging process (Cole Dendukuri, 2003). Researchers have also investigated how the condition reduces the length of dog photo essays, telomere. Essay In Spanish? Telomeres are the shielding caps at dog photo, the endings of chromosomes. They are a revelation of aging when they certainly reduce in length over time. One typical characteristic of telomeres is that it is disposed to depression or stress. My Family? This implies that premature shortening of telomere indicate the commencement of the aging process (Godfrey Denby, 2004). Dog Photo Essays? Depression and stress affect the normal functioning of the my family hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis, also referred to as HPA axis (Cole Dendukuri, 2003). The HPA axis regulates how people respond to stress and depression. HPA regulates the essays response by controlling cortisol, which is the principal stress hormone.

The affected functionality of the a lab in third HPA axis results to dog photo extreme depression, which leads to the shortening of the telomeres. The resultant effect is the speeding up of the aging process. The elderly who are depressed experience shortening of telomere, which further aggravates aging that might eventually cause death (Miller, 2009). Summary Of An Essay Concerning? Depression and dying. Depression can be linked to dog photo death in various ways. For example, it can be a cause of death or resulting from bereavement (Wattis Curran, 2006). Among the elder extreme situation can influence suicidal thoughts because of its life threatening capability.

This is because it can result to development of diabetes type 2 and of water, cardiovascular disease among the old. Additionally, the challenges encountered by the seniors as old age approaches are likely to influence suicidal choices (Miller, 2009). Researchers affirm that depression the substantial contributive factor to old age death. Dog Photo? Notably, the consequences of depression are the causalities of death. This implies proper management of the depression symptoms will lead to renascence on values a reduction in deaths that are linked to dog photo depression. Various age related issues like sleep problems, possession of firearms and weapons that can cause death, inadequate social support, decline health standards and complicated life changes substantially contribute to high rates of suicidal deaths among the aged. Writing A Lab In Third Person? Some theorist concluded that poor sleep quality cause old age death. The causality of dog photo, poor sleeping habits is attributed to depression hence the depressed and aged are vulnerable to having poor sleeping pattern which might increase the risks of death (Godfrey Denby, 2004). The elderly in possession of firearms and weapons that are life threatening are more exposed to depression-related deaths. It has been proven that firearms are the financial preferred method of committing suicide among the depressed who are aged.

Apparently, possessing a firearm increases the risks of suicide to dog photo essays anyone, not just the old. Inadequate social support among the aged who are depressed can cause suicide. The reduced sociability among the aged has an impact on about causes and effects of water pollution social support needed to prolong their lives. Essays? The young who are expected to provide social support are normally not available because of the change in lifestyle (Miller, 2009). As a result, the aged are left alone in rural areas where they experience high rates of isolation and loneliness. Extreme rates of isolation and loneliness can affect negatively on the mental health of the aged. Thoughts of suicides are the consequences of loneliness and the helpless state they are in my family in spanish when in dog photo the rural areas. Deteriorating health condition such as infestation of old age-related illnesses such as Parkinson’s, stroke and heart diseases can cause the elderly to think about causes of water, committing suicide.

The elder experiencing declining health conditions are at a higher risk of suicide than those who have not been diagnosed with serious illnesses (Miller, 2009). Thoughts of death are frightening and essays, seem to essay be a mystery among many people. Getting aware of the type of death one is dog photo likely die during old age is much worse and causes depression. Additionally radical life changes such as retirement or the decease of a loved one causes depression which increases the risk of committing suicide. Performing psychotherapy is book highly essential in preventing old age suicides related to dog photo depression (Cole Dendukuri, 2003). Essay About Causes And Effects? The elderly have the opportunity meeting and freely interacting with trained health experts to deal with depression, suicidal thoughts and other health problems. Research reveals that different types of dog photo essays, psychotherapy work effectively in managing old age depression. Moreover, the healthy and depression-free elders benefit most from psychotherapy than the already depressed. Combining psychotherapy and antidepressants can reduce development of suicidal thoughts among the elderly.

Some study conducted affirmed that approximately 80 percent of the elderly suffering from depression has restored their normal mental state from the combination of antidepressants and psychotherapy. However, the elderly who are suffering from depression and experiencing suicidal thoughts for the first time should seek medical attention from a doctor before the prothesis help symptoms disappear. Bereavement refers to all feelings, thoughts and dog photo, behaviours undergone by people experiencing sorrow because of death (Godfrey Denby, 2004). The term is used interchangeably with grief describes the event of losing something such as job, loved ones and other noteworthy things that can result to changes in financial help the mental state. Essays? The elderly also experience bereavement and grief during the aging process, which is likely to cause depression and eventually hasten their death. In Spanish? The elderly require strong and caring social association with other people for dog photo, emotional support (Cole Dendukuri, 2003). Death can cause the association or relationship to the elderly to break, which fatally affects their emotions. In conclusion, old age depression might be caused by death of summary essay concerning understanding, loved ones, retirement, increased segregation or medical problems. The various effects late-life depression includes deterioration in physical and essays, mental health, memory and concentration impairment.

Depression’s symptoms influence each aspect of life such as individual’s energy, appetite, interest in work, sleep, relationships and hobbies. Old age depression is treatable through right support, self-help policies and proper management. Exercises as physical activity are vital for minority report book vs movie, boosting the moods that result from depression. The social circle is much responsible for providing psychological support, which keeps depression away. Different age-related issues like sleep problems, possession of firearms and weapons that can cause death, inadequate social support, decline health standards and dog photo essays, serious life changes substantially contribute to essay about my family high rates of suicidal deaths among the aged.

Cole, M., Dendukuri, N. (2003). Risk Factors for Depression Among Elderly Community Subjects: A Systematic Review and dog photo essays, Meta-Analysis. The American journal of psychiatry , 78-89. Godfrey, M., Denby, T. (2004). About My Family In Spanish? Depression and older people: towards securing well-being in later life. Dog Photo? New York: The Policy Press . Miller, C. (2009).

Nursing for wellness in older adults. Minority Book? New York: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Reynolds, C., Dew, M. (2006). Maintenance Treatment of Major Depression in Old Age. The New Journal of England , 78-85. Thomas, J. Dog Photo Essays? (2009). Handbook of Clinical Psychology Competencies.

New York: Springer. Wattis, J., Curran, S. (2006). Practical psychiatry of old age. New York: Radcliffe Publishing .

Ccot Of World War Essays and Research Papers. World War II Martyna Purvis U. S. Essays? History Daniel Vogel November 18, 2012 Abstract The . World War II, was a global military conflict that, was in a lab in third terms of dog photo essays, lives lost and destruction, was the essay about and effects of water most devastating war in human history. Essays? The World War II began in 1939 as a European conflict between Germany and an Anglo-French first started but grew to include most of the nations of the world . It ended in 1945, leaving a new world order that was dominated by the United States. Adolf Hitler , Germany , League of Nations 1207 Words | 4 Pages. The Gobal War This paper will identify major historical turning points during War World II and through the 1970’s . On Values? while analyzing the impact the war had on America’s current society, economy, politics and culture. I will also discuss why America in the late 1930’s wanted to stay out of the European conflict that became WWII, which is one of the greatest debates of all time.

We examine the important role that women played in winning the dog photo war and what outcomes came from their hard work that impacted. Adolf Hitler , American Civil War , Franklin D. Roosevelt 1581 Words | 5 Pages. ?The War of the World Niall Ferguson argues throughout The War of the World that “the twentieth . Renascence Essays In Literature? century was the most violent global century in history, due to economic volatility, ethnic conflict, and empires in conflict”. Ferguson argues this point by presenting concepts such as the Sino-Japanese War , the Holocaust, World War I, World War II and the Armenian Genocide. However, as Ferguson presents these ideas to argue his view, he does so in a manner that portrays him as a revisionist. One. Adolf Hitler , Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , Genocide 1123 Words | 3 Pages. World War II April 15, 2012 World War II was a part of the effect of World . War I. According to World War 2 Info, “the origins of the Second World War are generally viewed as being traced back to the First World War .” ( World War 2 2012) World War 2 happened between 1930s to the mid 1940s in Europe and Asia. In Europe, the war began on September 1, 1939 when the Nazi Germans led by Hitler invaded Poland. On September 2, 1945; the war ended with the relinquishing of Japan. In the early 1930s in.

Adolf Hitler , League of Nations , Nazi Germany 1117 Words | 4 Pages. The Influence Of World War And World. ?The Influence of World War II and dog photo essays World War II WANG Jing MScPP TD2 Abstract: This article talk . about how World War ? and World War ? impact Europe. Describe it through three aspects of essay and effects pollution, political, economic and cultural. Key words: World War I, World War II ,Europe, History, Culture 1. Essays? Introduction World War I and World War II were the concerning war mainly battlefield in Europe but spread to dog photo the world ad last for years in history.

It has a very profound influence on Europe's economy, political and culture. Asia , British Empire , Europe 1236 Words | 4 Pages. serving on causes pollution the front-line (trench rapids, snipers, shelling), it is possible to dog photo distinguish major battles (or pushes) whose names have gone down in history . as some of the in literature bloodiest conflicts ever waged. There were many battles that took place during the dog photo essays war but the prothesis financial most remembered were the five major battles. Dog Photo? Those battles are, The Battle of Marne (1914 and 1918), The Battle of book vs movie, Verdun (1916), The Battle of Ypres (1914, 1915, and 1917), The Battle of the dog photo essays Somme (1916), and The Battle of Cambrai (1917). Battle of the concerning human understanding Somme , British Army , First Battle of Ypres 926 Words | 3 Pages. ? War (Attracting the reader)Do you think there is a” just war ” in the history of world ? Do you think it is the . only way to dog photo solve problem by renascence essays in literature, war ? (Providing background) Different people have different opinion. Essays? Herbert hover, who is the 31st President of the prothesis help United States have ever said:” Whether you have to fight for justice or not, war is a crime! “In his opinion, whether the war is dog photo, just or unjust, it is cruel, and report person the death is inevitable.

Marxist thought, making clear the nature of war is the necessary. Communism , Global conflicts , Korean War 1092 Words | 3 Pages. THE WAR OF THE WORLDS Jonathan P. Essays? Benitez IV-LopezJaena English-Mrs.Sanchez Introduction The War of essay about of water pollution, . the essays Worlds (1898), a science fiction novel by on values, H. G. Dog Photo? Wells, is the first-person narrative of an unnamed protagonist's (and his brother's) adventures in London and of an concerning the countryside around London as Earth is invaded by Martians. Written in 1895–97,[2] it is one of the earliest stories that details a conflict between mankind and an extraterrestrial race. The War of the Worlds has two parts. Earth , Martian , Martian Manhunter 2571 Words | 7 Pages. Sabrina Eierle CCOT Essay The Silk Roads were created when classical empires were established, and essays the scope of long distance trade . expanded, connecting much of Eurasia.

Throughout the about causes and effects pollution Classical and post-Classical periods, the Silk Roads provided a way for not only goods to be introduced to new lands, but also ideas, religions and technology. Dog Photo Essays? The Silk Roads changed drastically due to expanding empires, new technology and diseases. Although the effects and empires with which the Silk Road was. Black Death , Bubonic plague , China 1342 Words | 4 Pages. i?am, generally rendered outside Tamil-speaking areas ) is essay my family in spanish, a proposed independent statethat Tamils in Sri Lanka and the Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora aspire to . create in the north and east of Sri Lanka. Tamil Eelam has no official status orrecognition by world states though sections of the Eelam were under de facto control of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) for most of the2000s. The name is derived from the ancient Tamil name for Sri Lanka, Eelam. TAMIL PERIOD The Jaffna kingdom (1215-1624. Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam , Northern Province, Sri Lanka , Sinhalese people 1792 Words | 5 Pages.

Total War During The World Wars The term total war came into realization during the first and . second World War . President Franklin Roosevelt (2004) stated, “When our enemies challenged our country to dog photo stand up and fight, they challenged each and everyone of essays in literature, us. Dog Photo? And each and writing a lab report in third every one of us has accepted the challenge” (pg. 86). Total war involved the dog photo commitment of an entire nation and to the extent of all the participating nations, almost the entire world . About And Effects Of Water Pollution? The World Wars were much greater. Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki , Franklin D. Roosevelt , Nuclear weapon 1032 Words | 3 Pages.

World War 1 to World War 2 Comparison. Fitzsimons 1 How were the United States goals in World War I similar or different to the United States goals for fighting in . Iraq and Afghanistan? The United States goals in World War I and Iraq and Afghanistan are very different, and essays this is partly because they are in totally different time periods and the technology is about in spanish, very different. World War I took place from 1914-1918 (Strachan 1), whereas the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan started in 2003 and are still going (Deese 1), although many of. 2003 invasion of Iraq , Al-Qaeda , Canada 2090 Words | 6 Pages. Women of dog photo, World War I and financial World War Ii. March 28, 2010 Western Civ.

102 World War I and World War II had a . Dog Photo Essays? profound effect on many people living during those time periods. About And Effects? During World War I and World War II thousands lost their lives fighting for their respective countries. Men played a crucial part in fighting for their countries on the war front, but on the home front women played a crucial part also. During both World War I and World War II, women were called on to do work and take on major roles that. Feminism , Gender , Gender role 1488 Words | 5 Pages. World War II and essays the Cold War The world was left unhappy after World . War I and another war broke out, World War II. This was followed by yet another war , the about and effects of water pollution Cold War . The aggression of dog photo, European and Asian dictators led to war . These dictators were totalitarian dictators. Totalitarianism is a political system in which the government exercises complete control over its citizens’ lives.

One of the most infamous dictators of writing a lab person, all time, Adolf Hitler, was the despot of Germany. Hitler created Nazism. Adolf Hitler , Cold War , Eastern Bloc 1320 Words | 4 Pages. World War II and the War on Terror. ? World War II and the War on Terror Throughout America’s history there have been a handful of . wars that the United States has been a part of. We have proven that we are a strong country and that we can handle anything that comes our way. Along our journey, we have encountered our share of essays, issues: moral, ethical and constitutional issues, specifically in book vs movie World War II and the War on Terror. We have seen our leaders lead our country and essays take us to become one of the help most powerful countries in. 2003 invasion of Iraq , George W. Essays? Bush , Iraq War 1778 Words | 8 Pages. what ways can the First World War be seen as a Total War Total war is defined as the organisation . of entire societies for war , using all its economic, military and human resources to aim for complete victory. In addition there is essay human understanding, less differentiation between combatants and civilians than in conventional warfare; civilians were affected as deliberate targets of dog photo essays, war in essay about pollution their own right.

It can be argued that the government of the dog photo involved countries focused the economy on the war effort which in turn. Conscription , Laws of essay about causes, war , On War 1077 Words | 3 Pages. World War III (abbreviated as WWIII, also known as the Third World War ) is the hypothetical future . successor to World War II (1939–1945). Dog Photo Essays? In fiction, the war is often suggested to on values be nuclear and extremely devastating in nature. This war is anticipated and planned for by military and civil authorities, and explored in fiction by many authors all around the essays world . Concepts range from purely conventional scenarios or a limited use of nuclear weapons to the destruction of the planet. Writing A Lab Report? With the essays development.

Cold War , Cuban Missile Crisis , Global conflicts 1271 Words | 5 Pages. and Artillery of World War II The result of World War II was affected by many different . factors. One major factor which affected the war was the weapons and about and effects pollution artillery used during the war . Dog Photo Essays? Since the beginnings of time, weapons have always been around. From swords and essay my family knives to nuclear weapons and missiles, weapons have evolved greatly throughout the dog photo years. Prothesis Financial Help? The weapons and artillery used in World War II basically were evolved types of weaponry that were used during World War I (Military History.

Artillery , Handgun , Machine gun 1413 Words | 4 Pages. Causes of World War II Essay- Farnosh Sayed “A war to end all wars ” was . Dog Photo? a term used in World War I but unfortunately it planted the roots for World War II in in literature 1939. Hundreds of dog photo essays, little problems led up to about causes and effects pollution what the world knows as the one of the most deadly of all wars . From strong-minded politicians, to dog photo essays poor economic situations, World War effected just about everyone in the world . There were many factors that had contributed to the initiation of World War II;. Adolf Hitler , Benito Mussolini , Fascism 927 Words | 6 Pages. history, war has been the catalyst sparking change that ultimately shapes an era. World War I is no different in . this sense. The Great War led to tremendous loss of life and property. Vs Movie? Additionally, it prompted significant technological advancement and alterations in warfare strategies. Finally, World War I changed the essays power structure of the world , paving the way for World War II. World War I was a very pivotal event in the Twentieth Century, laying the report vs movie roots for future conflicts such as World War.

Adolf Hitler , Chemical warfare , League of dog photo, Nations 827 Words | 3 Pages. actual root causes are much deeper. The causes of World War 1 were alliance system, imperialism, militarism and nationalism. I . will be going into detail of these details of these matters to explain the renascence essays events that triggered the world war . Countries throughout Europe made defense agreements that would pull them into battle, meaning, if one country was attacked, allied countries were bound to defend them. This was called Alliances. Essays? At the start of World War 1, Germany and Austria-Hungary allied and became. Allies of World War I , Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , Central Powers 1224 Words | 4 Pages. ? Legacy of World Wars Richard Castaneda POL 401 Baker College May 22, 2014 The First World . War lasted from 1914 until 1918 and had major consequences that influenced a continuation to World War II.

The war resulted in the dramatic change of the world map. Several empires disappeared and many new countries were born. World War I involved the signing of concerning, several peace treaties that benefited the Allies but left the countries like Germany in with loads of debt and with the essays frustration. British Empire , Cold War , League of Nations 1055 Words | 5 Pages. ?Annie Nguyen CP World History, Period 3 December 16, 2014 The Causes of World War I The Great War . of 1914 also known as World War 1 was one of the bloodiest wars in history that killed millions of people and happened for many reasons, some of the reasons haven’t even been found.

The spark that triggered the book vs movie war was the assassination of the Archduke Ferdinand of dog photo, Austria-Hungary and his wife Sophie on essay causes June 24, 1914 by dog photo, the hands of Gavrilo Princip, a member of the Black Hand in Serbia (Background. British Empire , Europe , Fascism 904 Words | 3 Pages. ? World War One or ‘The Great War ’ and its causes are still a hotly debated subject till today. There are many . Essay About Causes And Effects Of Water Pollution? important causes and dog photo reasons for about causes of water pollution the war , some more important than others. Not only did the war cause a lot of disruption, chaos and death, it also set the scene for other wars to take place, which is one main reason why it was so significant in History. Many of the essays causes link and relate to each other and have different relative importance, when compared, to contributing to the outbreak. Belgium , Bulgaria , German Empire 1993 Words | 5 Pages. ? World War II- the outbreak World War II, also called the “Hitler’s war ” was the . cruelest event in the 20th Century. Apart from summary understanding, that, it was a war between ideologies and dog photo essays ambitions.

This essay is looking at what caused the essay about causes and effects outbreak of the war , without discussing the essays war itself or its outcome. Three types of causes are going to be discussed: deep causes, intermediate causes and precipitating ones. Renascence Essays On Values? When it comes to essays the World War II, there are two different places which need to be focused on. Adolf Hitler , Germany , League of Nations 1671 Words | 4 Pages. World War II vs. World War I World War I and World . Minority Report? War I are two of the deadliest and costly conflicts to occur in world history. With over 100 million casualties they combine to essays be two of the most devastating wars ever. They both are very similar and destroyed a good amount of land in report Europe, while also involving the same allies on both side. Although they both have high casualties World War II is more important to dog photo essays Europe for many reasons. Some reasons are the holocaust, advancements in technology. Adolf Hitler , Europe , Germany 1376 Words | 4 Pages.

Consequences of World War Two, and Whether They are Still Felt by Today’s Generations. Consequences of World . Essays On Values? War II in the Past and Present World War II has been a pivotal factor in transforming the world as we see it today. It was a six-year period which is characterized by hunger, family separation, bombing, and horrendous war crimes in a relatively prosperous European region. The objective of dog photo, this essay is to highlight two of the most significant consequences of the War on the world as a whole. Great power , League of Nations , Soviet Union 859 Words | 3 Pages. World War II started in 1939 and ended in essay about pollution 1945. It involved the countries of dog photo, Japan, Germany, and writing report person Italy. Those three formed the . Axis Powers. The countries that fought against them were Great Britain, France, the United States, and in part the essays Soviet Union. Notable names in the war were: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, (president of the United States); Adolf Hitler, (Nazi Party leader and prothesis financial help German chancellor); Benito Mussolini, (Italian fascist dictator); Hideki Tojo, (Japanese military leader); and Joseph. Adolf Hitler , Fascism , League of Nations 2431 Words | 7 Pages.

Engineering, I stumbled upon Engineering in the Air Force. From there, I dove into different military research until I found a summary of the events in essays . World War 2. World War 2 was a war that lasted 6 years, from 1939 to essays 1945, and there was many countries involved, including: The United States, Germany, Japan, Soviet Union, Britain, and many more. The war was ended shortly after the United States dropped the atomic bombs on Nagasaki and dog photo Hiroshima, but I wanted to know if dropping the bomb was absolutely. Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki , Empire of Japan , Hiroshima 1362 Words | 5 Pages. World War I - Results The First World War “ended” in 1918 in November, when the Treaty of Versailles . Prothesis Financial? was signed to create an armistice.

Though this treaty became active on that day for Western Europe, this treaty did not take effect in Eastern Europe until up to mid-1920s. Political, cultural, and social order was changed immensely in Europe, Asia, and dog photo Africa, even countries not directly in the war . As a result of the damages from the war , many new countries were formed. Also, millions of people. Adolf Hitler , Czechoslovakia , Europe 762 Words | 3 Pages. Poland in 1939, the writing in third person United States knew that another World War was coming on. After World War I . America decided that they did not want to be involved in another war due to dog photo the devastation that it had caused before. However President Franklin D. Roosevelt decided differently. With competing views among the isolationists and the interventionists, FDR concluded that the only way for the Great Depression to end was to become involved in another war . The Great Depression destroyed the economies of writing report person, the.

Attack on Pearl Harbor , Cold War , Dwight D. Eisenhower 2532 Words | 7 Pages. ?How did World War 1 Start? Mr Johnson Due date: Friday 18th of October 861 words By Matthew Chen World . war 1 was ultimately caused by dog photo, imperialism. Different nations wanted control over more land and to be the dominant nation in minority book Europe. The assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and dog photo essays his wife Sophie was a small but very powerful event that led to the beginning of a very long chain of financial help, events. Alliances between lots of different countries also contributed to World War 1. The. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , Europe , Global conflicts 1036 Words | 4 Pages. The world’s greatest war , World War II began in 1939 and lasted for dog photo almost six years. It was between two military . alliances.

On the axis powers were Japan, Germany and the Kingdom of Italy. While the allies were lead by United Kingdom, China, Soviet Union and The United States of America. America was not directly involved in report the war in essays the early stages. Essay About And Effects Of Water? The necessity increased after the fall of France, the essays Pearl Harbor incident but mainly when Hitler declared war on U.S. Essay My Family In Spanish? This led to essays America’s direct. Allies of World War II , Axis powers , League of Nations 944 Words | 3 Pages. The response, through music, to World War Two, particularly in the concentration/death camps throughout Europe The Second . Prothesis? World War was a very sensitive time in the world , especially Europe, but one of the essays few benefits was the a lab report person music that came out of essays, it, there was the music that was written about prothesis help certain events of the dog photo essays war , the music that evolved during the war , and the music by the Jewish community (i.e. Vs Movie? The Holocaust), especially in the concentration camps. The Holocaust was unequivocally. Eastern Bloc , Global conflicts , Jazz 1367 Words | 4 Pages. ?- World War I (WWI) was a global war centered in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November . 1918. -It was predominantly called the dog photo essays World War or the Great War from its occurrence until the start of World War II in writing person 1939, and essays the First World War or World War I thereafter. -It involved all the world's great powers which were assembled in about in spanish two opposing alliances: the Allies (based on the Triple Entente of the United Kingdom, France and Russia) and the Central Powers These.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , Central Powers , German Empire 572 Words | 3 Pages. The thesis in the article ?The origins of the World War ', by Sidney B. Essays? Fay, can clearly be stated as the explanation for of water pollution . World War I. Fay states that no one country is responsible for the creation of the war . Dog Photo Essays? Furthermore, he goes on to explain that each of the European country's leaders did, or failed to do ?certain' things to provoke the other countries into a war . Fay states, One must abandon the dictum of the Versailles Treaty that Germany and her allies were solely responsible. It was a dictum. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , Austria , Germany 1558 Words | 4 Pages. The main cause of World War Two was the failure to bring a just peace between nations after the end of World . War One. Many argue that the main cause was the rise to power of Adolf Hitler in of an essay concerning human understanding Germany. The end of World War I left Germany feeling humiliated and defeated. In order to restore their national honor and pride, Germans voted Hitler into power and he tried to conquer Europe. Germany’s humiliation was mainly caused by the Treaty of Versailles.

Despite the opinions of many different people. Adolf Hitler , Germany , League of Nations 1560 Words | 4 Pages. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War , was a global . war centred in essays Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918. More than 9 million combatants and essay of water pollution 7 million civilians died as a result of the dog photo essays war , a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and tactical stalemate. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, paving the way for major political changes, including revolutions in many of the nations. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of writing a lab person, Austria , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Central Powers 1265 Words | 4 Pages. World War II was much more than battles, statistics, politics, and dog photo essays opinions. The things that contributed to its beginning, . what happened during the war , and financial help the effects of the war are still being debated and discussed. Patrick Finney assembles some of the best writings for a number of dog photo essays, subjects relating toWorld War II. First the reader is introduced to and effects of water the basic views, where they originated, and why they are still discussed today.

The truth is, even fifty years after the end of the war , it is. Creative writing , Debate , Stephen Daldry 938 Words | 2 Pages. believed the end of the world will occur through a natural disaster, deadly disease, or a giant meteor hurling down towards earth, but lately, . Essays? people are beginning to think the financial end of the world will occur because of foreign policy in international relations. We live in a world where many wrong acts are committed (countries possessing nuclear weapons, authoritive figures abusing their role and power, terrorist groups taking lives of many innocent civilians, denying citizens of the world basic human rights. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , Global conflicts , League of Nations 1972 Words | 3 Pages. World War 1 was different than any other wars that came before it by that it was the first war fought . in on many continents, as well it was the first war where chemical weapons were used, and it was the first total war . The total number of casualties in World War 1 was 37 million. There were 9 million killed, 20 million wounded and others that weren’t were most likely dead. The expectations before the war started was a reason why the essays war began because people thought it was going to prothesis help be a short, bloodless. Central Powers , Colonialism , England 1376 Words | 4 Pages.

Origins of dog photo essays, War Explanatory theories for the outbreak of World War I The phenomenon of chain-ganging has been . used to explain the outbreak of World War I. Is chain ganging a convincing explanation for the onset of the war ? In what ways? Are alternative explanations more compelling, and if so, how and renascence essays on values in literature why? The First World War was the dog photo first total war and can be seen as a contingent catastrophe or rather a unique event. It cost the lives of more than 10 million people and the involvement of a lab, more. Canada , Explanation , German General Staff 1767 Words | 5 Pages. This essay will outline the factors that led to the First World War , these include: Alliances, Imperialism, Militarism and the . assassination of dog photo, Duke Franz Ferdinand and human his wife. The First World War started on dog photo the 28th of July 1914 and finally ended on the 11th of a lab in third person, November 1918.

The formation of Alliances was one factor that significantly contributed to the commencement of dog photo essays, World War One. Essay About? These alliances allowed smaller countries with weaker military forces to seek help from dog photo essays, larger and essay about my family in spanish more. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , British Empire , Gavrilo Princip 834 Words | 3 Pages. ?Cause of the Second World War Essay. World War II was the deadliest conflict in history. The . Dog Photo Essays? World War was fought between the Allies, Great Britain, Russia, United States, France and the Axis, Germany, Italy and Japan. World War II started on prothesis financial help September the essays 1st in 1939, the war lasted until 1945. The war ended with Germany surrendering. 50-70 million lives were lost during World War II, it was a horrifying war . Prothesis Financial? This essay will focus on the cause of World War II and its smaller contributing factors. Adolf Hitler , Germany , League of Nations 973 Words | 3 Pages. THE CAUSES OF WORLD WAR 1 World War 1 was fought between the allied and the central powers from . 1914 to 1918.

It was fought between the central powers consisted of Germany, Austria- Hungary, Turkey and Italy and the allies consisting of dog photo essays, U.K , France, Russia and report U.S.A. The war in itself is considered a notable example of a total war as all the belligerents used every means of warfare including chemical warfare to essays try to win. The war ended with an allied victory after the armistice in 1918. Alsace-Lorraine , Central Europe , Franco-Prussian War 1400 Words | 4 Pages. The long-term origins to World War One start back in writing a lab report in third person 1870 with the Franco-Prussian War . In the Franco-Prussian . war France lost to Germany which lead to the two countries never being in an alliance with one another.

Once the dog photo war was over it lead to the forming of the triple Alliance which was one of the main alliances during the first world war . The Triple alliance was made up of the report person countries - Germany, Austo-Hungery and Italy, and it was first formed because Germany needed help to dog photo essays guard Alsace-Lorrain. Alfred von Schlieffen , Belgium , Bulgaria 1196 Words | 3 Pages. 2/15/12 DBQ: World War II The Road to War During the early 1920's many people thought that peace had . finally been reached. Vs Movie? However, in the late 1920's and throughout the 1930's, they realized that they were wrong. Dog Photo Essays? Dictators came into power in countries that were displeased with the results of World War I. Germany, Italy and Japan wanted power, so they took aggressive action that not even The League of Nations could stop. British Prime Minister Chamberlain thought that the best way to. Adolf Hitler , Germany , League of Nations 895 Words | 3 Pages. First World War Essay World war one cannot emanate any war but itself; it yielded . Of An Essay? a drastic jump in the technological weaponry and tactics, had soldiers live day in and day out while scarifying the essays true horror of trench warfare, and had citizens being pressured by report, their government through propaganda. World war one had many different nations in Europe involved, and the Unites States.

The war lasted for 5 years, as it started in 1914 and ended at 1919. On June 28, 1914, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , Battle of the dog photo Somme , Chlorine 1447 Words | 5 Pages. major war broke out on values, just 20 years after the First World War and it was the Second World . War . The Second World War was one of the greatest wars in human history and it was even greater in scale and more disastrous than the First. In this essay, I would like to talk about “To what extent should the Axis Powers be responsible for the outbreak of World War Two?’. Actually, I think that to dog photo essays a large extent, the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy and Japan) were responsible for the outbreak of the Second World War. Adolf Hitler , Benito Mussolini , Fascism 1064 Words | 3 Pages.

the actual root causes are much deeper. The causes of World War One were alliances, Imperialism, Militarism and Nationalism. I . will be going into the detail of these matters to my family explain the events that triggered the dog photo World War . Countries throughout Europe made defense agreements that would pull them into essay battle meaning, it one country was attacked, allied countries were bound to defend them. This was called alliances. At the start of World War One, Germany and essays Austria-Hungary allied and became became. Allies of World War I , Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , Austria–Hungary 845 Words | 3 Pages.

Bell March12th 2013 World History In Europe around the late 1800s to early 1900s World War 1 took place in . many European countries. Essay About My Family In Spanish? This essay will explain how alliance was the cause of World War 1. The four factors that made alliances the dog photo cause of World War 1 are political, geography, economics, and essays on values social factors. Dog Photo? The first factor in book vs movie why alliances caused World War 1 is political reasons. Some examples of dog photo essays, political are the summary essay concerning treaties that were made before and essays during the war to help protect alliances. Austria–Hungary , Canada , Germany 1266 Words | 4 Pages. World War I Shots were fired on June 28,1918, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria and of an essay concerning understanding his wife Sophie were shot in Sarajevo,by . Gavrilo Princip who was part of a secret society called the Black Hand. It happened all of a sudden, no one was expecting it. Dog Photo? After this incident happened, conflicts between countries started building up. It all eventually led to World War I, until this day no one really knows who or what started this war but there are a couple of things that could have caused it. Financial Help? Militarism. Allies of World War I , Archduke Franz Ferdinand of dog photo, Austria , Belgium 1029 Words | 3 Pages.

Second World War World War II was one of the greatest struggles humanity has ever seen. This Second . World War caused many lives to be lost, damaged personal properties and was expensive, for a great deal of money was required to maintain a country’s military strength. Essays On Values? The numbers for those that have passed, been wounded or gone missing during the war could never be calculated precisely; though it has been estimated that more than 55 million lives perished. Many historians have traced the causes. Adolf Hitler , Fascism , League of Nations 2308 Words | 6 Pages. On the dog photo essays eve of the World War I, no country was prepared for using aircraft or would have even thought about causes making an effective . weapon of war . Several had experimented with dropping bombs from aircraft, firing guns, and taking off and landing from aircraft carriers, but no country had designed or built an aircraft specifically for war functions (Century of Flight). Dog Photo Essays? During World War 1, they had made many changed to the aircraft to renascence essays make it create havoc on the enemy’s. Dog Photo Essays? They would add many weapons to. Air force , B-17 Flying Fortress , Battle of Britain 1334 Words | 4 Pages. World War I Essay When a nation’s hunger for power and control become too great, the nation may be pushed to essays do things . that may have harsh consequences.

This was the case in the early 1900’s when the world engaged in its first major global military conflict. Essays? There were a number of causes of the First World War ; due to the Treaty of Versailles, Germany accepted full responsibility for the war . Although the Germans had a large contribution in starting the war , they should not be fully held. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , Europe , Fascism 1179 Words | 3 Pages. Europe was at war . World War I was all throughout Europe and essay about changed many lives of the Europeans. During the dog photo . World War , there were many new military and technological advancements. Writing A Lab Report In Third? Universal military services were formed by the European nations and new weapons and war tactics were invented.

Due to the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie, tensions between Austria and Germany against Serbia, Russia, and France began to rise, which led up to the start of World War I. Thus. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , Austria , Austria–Hungary 974 Words | 3 Pages. ‘ World War One was the result of essays, a series of unintended and disconnected events.’ Does this opinion adequately explain the causes . of World War One? It is help, understandable that historians ponder on what exactly caused a war that destroyed Europe’s economy, cost the lives of dog photo essays, 37 million men and renascence essays on values in literature involved a country from every region of the world (from the Americas to Asia). Dog Photo? The opinion this essay will discuss implies that the events that led to this major conflict were unintended and disconnected; and. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , German Empire , Napoleonic Wars 1893 Words | 5 Pages.

Why World War Developed in the Late Summer of 1914 World War I is the help event where all the Eurasian . empires went at war by a domino effect. What started as a local conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia became arguably the most important war in Europe. The Balkan states became the Great Powers’ way of starting a conflict that had been building up for decades. Although the guilt of the essays beginning of help, World War I is commonly attributed to the Great Powers, past tensions in the Balkan states made. Albania , Balkan Wars , Bulgaria 1513 Words | 4 Pages. they made during wars . Different countries handle this differently, some openly support veterans through government programs and others . Dog Photo Essays? ignoring them. Veterans are also subject to illnesses directly related to their military service such as PTSD. War veterans are generally treated with great respect and honor for their contribution to the world and country by their own nationals. Conversely there are often negative feelings towards the veterans of alien nations held long after the war is over, for essay example. Armed forces , Cold War , Posttraumatic stress disorder 1847 Words | 5 Pages. Great War The time was 1914.

Europe was a thermometer with skyrocketing temperatures of tension. As countries began declaring . war on dog photo each other in Europe, troops began to mobilize for what they thought would be a traditionally fought war : the about in spanish British cavalry leading the Entente to a decisive victory. How were the European powers to know that this massive war would be fought entirely in the ground with surprise attacks and innovative technology that changed the meaning of “ war ” forever? World War. Chemical warfare , Chlorine , League of Nations 2721 Words | 7 Pages.